...serious proposal to the ladies’ and ‘Some reflections upon marriage’ deal with the social problems that women had to live with at the time, and how they were constantly subdued by men. Being considered mentally and socially inferior, Astell argued that this social ranking between the sexes was unjust and unnatural. However, ‘Custom’, (or tradition) considered it for some time normal for a woman to be under the dominance of Man at all times. Astell tried arguing against this, as her protofeminist pieces were one of the first works which dealt with the matter head on. She fought for equality between the sexes, and questioned the morals behind believing women to be inferior to men. Many would be able to compare her to ‘The New Woman’; an image created in order to describe the modern feminist woman that was being introduced to society in the late 19th century. However, many would argue that, although Astell was a leading feminist of her time, as she was considered “The first major English feminist for her defiant praise of women” by Joan K. Kinnard, she was still strongly conservative and some of her views differed from the modern feminist ones of today. She still considered a woman to have her rightful place or role in the household and in society, and believed that a social ranking was simply inevitable and a ‘work of God’; so many of these beliefs were directed at the upper class and richer women of the time. In ‘Some reflections upon marriage’, Astell describes men as being...
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...al 2002). Reflection is a necessary process in order to comply with Post-registration education and practice (PREP), continuing professional development standard, as required by the NMC (2006). Reflection can therefore be regarded as a fundamental process for all professionals registered within the NMC. This essay specifically focuses upon reflection in relation to the student Specialist community public health nurse (SCPHN). Reflective practice in nursing can be guided by models of reflection. Using a model or framework can be beneficial in aiding practioners and students of nursing and health care to, reflect upon incidents, and critically analyse those incidents, therefore helping the practioner to learn and move on (Ashby 2006). This essay aims to explore the concept of reflection. It will discuss and critically analyse Gibbs (1998) theoretical model of reflection whilst also considering other models and their use in relation to the role of a student SCPHN working within a children and family community setting. Reflective practice is not a new concept. It originated in the 1930's from work carried out by American educationalist John Dewey. Dewey (1933) developed the idea of reflection as a way of learning in education. This idea has since been drawn upon in the works of many others; Schon (1983) similarly highlights the idea of reflection as a way of bridging the gap between theory to underpin professional practice. Other definitions include: “Reflection is a process...
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...Stop. Listen. Who do you hear whom do you feel. Is there something calling to you can you not hear its song: but no this cannot be for how can a tree, a rock, or the coldness of the air sing a song to you. When you are struck down by a disease, is that not your soul singing to you, when you bite into a juicy red apple does not that apple sing to your body. All things sing songs of joy and sorrow the songs of joy bring happiness and pleasure and the songs of sorrow bring wisdom and learning, so stop and listen, do not resist, do not run away. Listen to the mosquito buzzing in your ear, the tree swaying gently in the breeze and the songs of hot and cold. As a tear drips from your eye it sings its song of sorrow, as a smile comes to your lips...
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...perplexity’. (Dewey, 1933 p.12) Part 1: With this in mind, consider critically and analytically the purpose and value of reflection and reflective practice, supporting your discussion with relevant reading. Chloe Carter-Miles 6th November 2012 Contents Main Body of Text Page 3 References Page 11 Bibliography Page 13 Appendices Page 16 List of Appendices Appendix 1 Kolb’s Cycle of Experiential Learning Appendix 2 Gibbs Model of Reflection (1988) Appendix 3 Moon’s Model of Reflection Appendix 4 Blooms Taxonomy; original and revised This essay will explore the purpose and value of reflective practice as a trainee teacher, and how it supports learning. Dewey (1916) defines education as ‘It is that reconstruction or reorganization of experience which adds to the meaning of experience, and which increases ability to direct the course of subsequent experience.’ The pertinent word to note in this quote is ‘experience’. Since Dewey highlighted the importance of reflective practice in the early part of the 20th Century, many other academics and practitioners have explored and written about it. Many different reflective models have been published, and they all have variations, however the one consistency among all of the models is that the process of reflection has to begin with an experience. Whilst reflective practise can be applied to all aspect of life, Dewey’s definition of education as being inherently based on experience highlights the intrinsic link between...
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...Price is not Necessarily a Reflection Price is not necessarily a reflection of value because according to economic principles, price is more likely to reflect value in a free marketplace that encourages competition. Value is understood to be a synonym for low price, but value describes the relationship between the benefits the customer receives from a product and its price. Perhaps economic and mathematical calculations can determine the "true" value of a product of service. However, in practical, real world terms, price is not an accurate reflection of value. Value, differs for each person and society and can waver depending on the place, fashion, economic situation of the times. One cannot designate a price for a product or service but the system of pricing products as an indicator of value is a necessary action in a world with scarce resources. The question of value has resonated within thought numerous times. What does it mean when value matches its price? The two terms "price" and "value" hold two very different meanings - price being a quantified measure of how much someone would give in exchange for an item. Value is the degree to which someone feels an item is of personal importance. Shopping at Wal-Mart, Sam’s Club, and Dollar Tree asserts that price is not necessarily a reflection of value. Wal-Mart where shopping is a pleasure, is that a true statement? Now there are some items in Wal-Mart like cereal, meat, and beverages that are good in price and great in value...
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...Reflection of Group Assignments with Utilization of Professional Ethical Lens Inventory INTRODUCTION “Knowing’ ethical theories, principles, values, and morals, and ‘understanding’ how to apply them must go hand in hand” (Pozgar, 2013, p. 173). We have been asked to view many different ethical dilemmas and decide which course of action would best fit the given situation. There is no right or wrong choice. Each ethical decision is based upon the make up of one’s morality. “It is a guide to behavior that all rational persons would put forward for governing the behavior of all moral agents” (Pozgar, 2013, p. 57). To better understand our individual morality, we were asked to complete a series of 36 questions that would determine our own ethical viewpoint and how we utilize it to come to a conclusion. According to Baird, there are four ethical frameworks that are utilized upon attempting to solve an ethical dilemma. These frameworks are based upon four core values: rationality, sensibility, autonomy, and equality. Each framework is compromised of two of these four values. (Baird, 2005) There were two different scenarios that were completed individually in which we had to make an ethical decision based upon our own ethical lens. We then came together as a group to make the same decision again, but this time the decision needed to be made unanimously. Many frameworks were represented as we worked through each scenario and choice to come to a clear consensus. These frameworks...
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...shared vision, strong collaboration, lifelong learner, and a willingness to take risks. I feel that I have come a long way in all of those areas of leadership. How we interact and work with one another leads to success in anything. Admiral Arleigh A. Burke has a quote about leadership that I feel is a clear picture of what exactly leadership is, "leadership is understanding people and involving them to help you do a job. That takes all of the good characteristics, like integrity, dedication of purpose, selflessness, knowledge, skill, implacability, as well as determination not to accept failure." For any leadership to be effective there must be a focused and shared vision that everyone is a part of. The vision is one of the most crucial pieces for leadership to follow because it determines how we make decisions. Decisions that are made without following the vision can not only hurt the school, but lead to chaos in the school system. Having a clear vision will help leadership and other stakeholders determine goals and provide direction for the school. In conjuncture with that I feel it is a necessity to include staff, parents, and other stakeholders in the construction of goals and direction to follow. It doesn't mean they will ultimately make the decision, however allowing for opportunities of input will go a long way. Leadership is all about hearing multiple views and concerns and making changes where needed to assure student success. Another...
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...Examples of Reflective Writing Example 1 I arrived on the ward at 7:30 ready to begin a 12-hour shift. After receiving handover, my mentor assigned me the job of bathing Mr B with the help of a healthcare assistant. Mr B has Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a progressive disease of the nervous system with rapid deterioration due to spongiform encephalopathy. He is not expected to live to Christmas, even though he is only 19 years old. He is mentally aware of what is going on but is physically unable to demonstrate activities of daily living, including eating and drinking, has limited communication skills and is doubly incontinent. He is unsafe on his feet so mobilises with a wheelchair. I approached Mr B’s bed and asked his consent to take him for a bath. While the bath was running we began helping him to undress. He looked rather nervous. At the thought of myself being in his position, being the same age as him, I began to feel embarrassed too. I thought that I could not possibly be a professional individual if I let my embarrassment and sympathy get in the way of my nursing care. We assisted Mr B into the bath and started his wash. I knew he was uncomfortable and wanted to be able to wash himself, but was unable to do so. I was finding it difficult to look him in the eye, especially when it came to washing his genitalia. I tried to ease this by making conversation, but in a way this made matters worse. After the bath we dried Mr B, dressed him and returned him...
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...Guidelines for completing the Reflective Journal Templates Studies have shown that reflection upon one’s learning is key to a full learning experience. For this reason, you will be required to keep reflective journals as part of your professional development. There are two different Reflective Journal templates. • Workshop Reflection – to be completed after attendance of each one day of workshop • Technology Reflection – to be competed after using the technology in your work practises. Participants are required to integrate at least two new skills into their work practises after each one day of workshop attendance. How long will it take? As a rough guide, each journal entry should take approximately 20-30 minutes. You may take more or less time depending upon your time constraints and the amount of detailed information you wish to include. Feel free to add comments but the minimum requirements are included in the template. I suggest you check out the exemplars first for ideas on how to complete them. What should I write? Don’t worry about how you write. Spelling, punctuation, grammar etc are of no concern whatsoever to the program. We are trying to access experience and thoughts. Don’t worry if you discover your answers overlap or if you feel one question has already been answered in response to another. Try to write something, no matter how brief your response may be to each question. If you find that you have nothing to comment on in...
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...Research Strategy & Project Plan 10 Problems Faced and Learning: 10 Learned Time Management Skills and Reflection Skills: 11 New Learning during the Research Project: Reviewing a Case Study 11 Conclusion from the Case study 13 My Reflections on the Research Questions: 13 References 14 Abstract The point addressed in this research document is the Importance of Planning and Reflection Skills at Postgraduate Level and also an assumption that post graduate students acquire planning and critical reflection skills automatically during their post graduate studies. Planning, critical thinking and reflecting are the pillars of the postgraduate study, managerial work and continuing professional development (CPD). “It is not sufficient simply to have an experience in order to learn. Without reflecting upon this experience it may quickly be forgotten, or its learning potential lost. It is from the feelings and thoughts emerging from this reflection that generalizations or concepts can be generated. And it is generalizations that allow new situations to be tackled effectively.” (Gibbs 1988) Reflection is a key element in any successful planning. You are probably a successful graduate and already have many of the skills required for postgraduate study. But there are some skills that assessed more stringently at postgraduate level, like planning and reflection skills. Task 1: Development of a Research Strategy Assignments are designed to allow you to demonstrate...
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..."There is ample evidence that high quality early education and childcare services can improve children's development, learning and behaviour. We also know that a well qualified professional workforce is by far the most important factor in delivering the best quality of services that give children the best possible start in life" Scottish executive (2006, p1) The national review of the early years and childcare workforce has brought about positive change within the early years sector. Focus was given to develop leadership within the profession. The Scottish executive collaborated with the Scottish social services council to amend the registration requirements for lead practitioners and managers from 2011. This was to ensure a new degree level qualification was attained by staff working in a lead practitioner/management position. "Research has indicated that the best outcomes and experiences for children come from the best qualified and best led services" Scottish government (2007, p12) It was hoped that by creating a genuine career structure for the workforce that this would allow practitioners to develop their professional skills and knowledge needed to progress in their career. Thus increasing qualification and pay within the sector. "These actions will improve the status and recognition of the workforce and support improved recruitment, retention and progression within the sector" Scottish executive (2006, p4) When practitioners work collaboratively with outside agencies...
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...Examples of Reflective Writing Example 1 I arrived on the ward at 7:30 ready to begin a 12-hour shift. After receiving handover, my mentor assigned me the job of bathing Mr B with the help of a healthcare assistant. Mr B has Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a progressive disease of the nervous system with rapid deterioration due to spongiform encephalopathy. He is not expected to live to Christmas, even though he is only 19 years old. He is mentally aware of what is going on but is physically unable to demonstrate activities of daily living, including eating and drinking, has limited communication skills and is doubly incontinent. He is unsafe on his feet so mobilises with a wheelchair. I approached Mr B’s bed and asked his consent to take him for a bath. While the bath was running we began helping him to undress. He looked rather nervous. At the thought of myself being in his position, being the same age as him, I began to feel embarrassed too. I thought that I could not possibly be a professional individual if I let my embarrassment and sympathy get in the way of my nursing care. We assisted Mr B into the bath and started his wash. I knew he was uncomfortable and wanted to be able to wash himself, but was unable to do so. I was finding it difficult to look him in the eye, especially when it came to washing his genitalia. I tried to ease this by making conversation, but in a way this made matters worse. After the bath we dried Mr B, dressed him and returned him...
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...enterprise, in that it is driven by fundamental social values as well as the imperatives of social justice. These values and imperatives powerfully shape every dimension of educational theory, policy, and practice. From this perspective, education requires a normative frame of reference. Democracy, understood as not only a political system but more fundamentally as a way of life grounded in specific values and principles, provides a powerful point of reference. At the heart of democracy is the value of liberty, understood as self-determination. Self-determination requires that there should be careful reflection upon and rational deliberation concerning social values and, in turn, the imperatives of justice that inform the purposes and practices of education. It will be argued that philosophy constitutes a mode of inquiry and a discipline that enriches the capacity for reflection and rational deliberation, and hence it is essential for both democracy and the study and practice of education in a democratic society. Education as a Normative Enterprise There are a number of ways in which education is normative. While what follows is not an exhaustive list, it is arguably sufficient to demonstrate the normative nature of education. 73 In Factis Pax Volume 6 Number 2 (2012): 73-84 http://www.infactispax.org/journal/ First, education is an intentional activity. The planning and implementation of education isn’t arbitrary; it is purposeful and...
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...Contents Introduction ………………………………………………………………….Pages 2-3 Discussion…...…………………………………………………………………Pages 4-14 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………...Pages 15-16 References ………………………………………………………………….Pages 17-20 Introduction This essay aims to explore the processes of teaching, training and mentoring of adults. The setting in which this will be explored and linked to, will be one of nursing, although it is recognised that the fundamental theories explored may be applied to any setting where the teaching, training and mentoring of adults occur. The essay will explore the writer’s understanding regarding the role of a mentor within the workplace and the theoretical ties surrounding mentorship and how these are linked into the writer’s role of a mentor. Any names or areas of work mentioned in the essay have been changed in order to maintain confidentiality, clause five of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Code of Professional Conduct: Standards for Conduct, Performance and Ethics (NMC 2004). The term ‘mentor’ is defined by the English National Board (ENB) and the Department of Health (DOH) to “denote the role of the nurse, midwife or health visitor who facilitates learning and supervises and assesses students in their practice setting” (ENB & DOH 2001a P6). Nicklin and Kenworthy (2000) define a mentor as someone who by example and facilitation guides, assists, and supports the student in learning new skills, adopting new behaviour and acquiring...
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...Contents page | 2 | 3. | Introduction | 3 | 4. | Case Study | 3 | 5. | Conclusion | 6 | 6. | References | 7 | Introduction For this summative report, I will reflect upon an aspect of my professional practice on the care with particular patient I nursed recently. Reflection is important. According to Greenwood (2001), it is the process of creating and clarifying the meaning of experience in terms of self in relation to self and also to the world. For the purpose of the reflection, this essay shall be written in the first person. In accordance with the NMC (2002) code of professional conduct, confidentiality shall be maintained and all names have been replaced to protect identity. Case Study Janet is a 67 year-old lady admitted a week ago for chest infection. We also discovered that Janet had developed a mild form of Type II diabetes mellitus from the levels of sugar in her urine and her blood sugar levels were mildly elevated. Soon after she responded to the treatment, we discovered that Janet is suffering from a mild stroke leaving her with expressive dysphasia. For her plan, we referred her to physiotherapist for her mobilization...
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