...Ang Modernong Halalan (Isang pag-aaral tungkol sa Automated Election) Layunin Introduksyon I. Mga Kaugnay na Pag-aaral at Literatura A. Ano ang “Automated Election System”? B. Paraan ng Pagsasagawa ng “Automated Election” C. Mga Posibleng Epekto ng “Automated Election” D. Pagsasagawa ng “Automated Election” sa Ibang Bansa II. Paglalahad ng Sariling Pag-aaral A. Metodolohiya B. Interpretasyon III. Kongklusyon IV. Rekomendasyon V. Bibliyograpiya LAYUNIN Ang panahunang papel na ito ay may layunin na magbigay ng kaalaman sa mga mambabasa ukol sa makabagong paraan nang pagbibilang ng boto o “automated election”. Ito rin ay naglalayong bigyang linaw ang paraan ng pagsasagawa at ang mga posibleng epekto o dulot nito sa mga botante at sa ating bansa ngayong nalalapit na halalan. INTRODUKSYON Alam naman natin na isang malaking isyu sa Pilipinas ang malinis at mabilis na halalan lalo pa’t marami na tayong naririnig na mga pandaraya at pagmamanipula ng boto sa mga nakaraang halalan. Kung kaya’t upang masiguro ang mahusay na halalan para sa tiyak na pagsulong ng ating bansa, nagpasya ang ating gobyerno at ang Commission on Elections (COMELEC) na ipatupad ang national automated election system na gumagamit ng mga makina upang i-skan ang balota, i-imprinta at ihatid ang mga resulta sa loob lamang ng dalawang oras sa lokal na antas at 36 oras sa pambansang antas. Sa pamamagitan nito, ay...
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...Topic: “The effects of road traffic congestion on residential decision- making of inhabitants of the city of Accra- A case study of communities along three congested routes” Transportation is essentially a response to the mobility needs of people, and this must be done in a timely fashion in order for people to realize its full benefits. Consequently, transportation plays a crucial role in the socio-economic and politico-cultural development of people and their communities. However, there are some related problems (such as congestion, mobility gaps, urban sprawl, and emissions amongst others) that come with it. In Ghana, transportation is almost synonymous with road transport as it is the major means by which peoples’ mobility needs are answered on daily basis. Road traffic congestion in the city of Accra has almost become an’ acceptable norm’ since residents have to live with this phenomenon every passing day of their lives. The factors responsible for this trend are as follows: growth in the population of Accra over the last 15 years (and this has been estimated to double in the next 20 years) associated with a continuing trend of reduction in population density; expansion in built-up area; growth in per capital income (which has also been estimated to have increased five folds over the last 15 years) with a concomitant increase in car ownership. Currently over 70% of major roads in Accra and Kumasi-the two biggest cities in the country- are said to be congested and should the...
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...for an upgrade to the system. After researching ways to do this, I ran across software that works with Oracle which allows product to be entered through verbally. Baker & Taylor began binding and publishing books in 1828. They made sure their books made it onto library and store shelves and into readers' hands. Baker & Taylor has been in business for over 180 years and is the world's largest distributor of books and entertainment. They are a well known supplier of paper and digital books to libraries and they primarily serve two types of markets. The first market involves the core business of distributing books, videos, and music, as well as providing value services to thousands of school, public, and specialty libraries worldwide. The second market is the firm's retail unit supplies storefront and Internet book and music retailers, as well as independent booksellers, with a million book titles and about 385,000 DVD and CD titles. Voice technology also answers the need to increase worker productivity. This technology—in which a computer is able to identify speech as well as give "spoken" instructions—is muscling its way into the warehouse because it frees up workers' hands so their workflow is uninterrupted while they communicate with a computer. This technology improves such operations as parts inspection, putaway and order selection. Typically, it's used with an order management or warehouse management system (WMS). It takes data from these systems, synthesizes it into...
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...Summary Automated vs. Manual Warehouses: A Different Way of Thinking About ROI This summary illustrates the differences between an automated warehouse and a manual warehouse by giving the advantages and disadvantages of both methods. Automated warehouses use sortation devices, retrieval systems and several other automated solutions. In contrast, Physical employees play a bigger part in a manual warehouse, by picking locations and goods and moving them to the delivery dock. Automated solutions are generally more popular in Germany and Japan than in America and the UK, mainly because America and the UK tend to focus more on the shorter payback period of a manual system. The payback period of an automated warehouse, on the other hand, is commonly around five years. Although an automated system increases (market) risks, the costs to perform logistic tasks decrease significantly. However, automated warehouses are not as flexible as manual warehouses because manual solutions make it easier to add or remove new services. In contrast, adding or removing new services is more difficult and more costly in an automated system. Moreover, manual systems can recover quicker from a poor supply chain design than the automated counterpart. This risk concerning supply chain design is important to keep in mind when one wants an automated system with a high throughput flow. When a company builds an automated warehouse, they should make sure they have good overall visibility to deliveries. This...
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...Chapter 1 Introduction Problem and Background of the Study AMA Computer College Campus was founded last June 1999 with SEC. Reg. No. 183768 under the leadership of its President and founding Chairman of the Board, Mr. Amable Mendoza Aguiluz V, it variably offers 4 year degree courses: BS Computer Science, BS Computer Engineering, BS Information Technology, BS Accountancy and other technical courses. The core objective and desire of its founder is to enable the vast majority of the youth and masses to acquire international-level education at a very affordable local cost, thus acquiring available viable employment upon completion. Its graduates not limited to territorial constraints but possibly venture into foreign companies. Thus AMA Computer College was born into reality at Plaza Nova building, Santiago Boulevard General Santos City. The following are the school director after its first operation, Ms. Glenda Guirrero, Mr. Pareja, succeeded by Mr. Alcaraz, Mr. Lornito Beaniza and Presently Ms. Leah Y. Tolimao, AMA Computer College – Gensan campus has acquired a nationwide status on the Philippine archipelago. It strives to soon acquire Socsargen area under the leadership of school BS Information Technology, BS Computer Science, and BS Electronics and Communication Engineering. Computer Programming was implemented under Pangulong Gloria Scholarship Program. Software developer in Java and Micro.net will soon to be offered this school year 2009-2010. AMA Computer...
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...institutions of higher learning in Tuguegarao nor in nearby areas, have that one to go to Manila to obtain a college education. The University of Cagayan Valley started modestly. Its course offering during its first year of academic operation limited to Elementary Teacher’s Certificate. Soon after, other courses were offered. The imperative to innovate, the reason to create faster, stronger, better solutions that advance society in significant ways these are the forces driving the researchers to study at expanding the realm of what’s possible. Every Election happened in a country, school or in community people doubted how their votes secured in a ballot or how can they be sure that their votes are tallied by a personnel in a voting station or precinct. The researcher seeks a fully automated voting system that is secure, accurate and reliable so that the system to guarantee elections the voters can trust the implemented system in our school. In today’s modern age where computer has become a way of life, it is evident that a majority of the countries institutions...
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...Elections automated University-wide By Akemi B. Aida and Nikki Q. Angulo THOMASIANS did not have to endure long hours to know the results of the recent student council elections, with polls computerized University-wide for the first time this year. All faculties and colleges, including UST’s two high schools, adopted the new polling system. Last year, only 10 colleges and faculties had automated elections. Except for a brief power interruption last Feb. 20, which delayed voting at the Conservatory of Music, Education High School and UST High School, Tabon said the new polling scheme was “implemented well.” “The loss of electricity supply caused a slight delay in voting in some colleges. But it did not affect the voters’ turnout because the election proceeded after the power supply returned,” said Abadenzio Rexzy Tabon, chairman of the Central Commission on Elections (Comelec). Overall, voter turnout did not improve. In last year’s elections, 22,515 Thomasians voted. This year, 22,229 students cast their votes, more than half of roughly 40,000 students in the University. Preparations Tabon said a University-wide automated election was first proposed during the summer planning of Central Comelec officials. Thereafter, the Central Comelec met with officials of college-level Comelec units to discuss the plan. The College of Nursing and the Faculty of Civil Law were the first to have automated elections two years ago. Lack of resources hampered previous efforts...
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...Sun Star Davao By Ivy C. Tejano Thursday, August 1, 2013 THOUSANDS more registrants trooped to the Commission on Elections (Comelec) office at Magsaysay Park during Wednesday's final day of registration for the barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) elections. While many of them made it, many failed to make it on time and blamed Comelec for its snail-paced processing. Still, others were hoping Comelec will extend the registration period. Analiza Mantimo, 15, of Tamugan Calinan, said it will be disappointing if ever she would not be registered. Mantino added that she had been at the Comelec office twice, but still she has not been accommodated. "Dili namo masabtan ang sistema nila diri. Bisan ako na mag pa transfer ra, wa gani ka sulod didto unya katulo na ni nako na adlaw diri (I can’t understand their system here. I just need to file for transfer of registration and yet I never made it into their office even on my third day of lining up)," said Marites Premitiba, 44, of Dumoy, Talomo District. "Sa kadaghan sa mga registrants kulang lang jud ang 10-day registration. Dagsa kayo ang mga mag pa rehistro unya pulo lang ka adlaw ilang gitagana para didto sa mga wala pa ka rehistro. Kulang ra pud kaayo ang adlaw (With the number of registrants, the ten-day registration is not enough. There were mobs every day. Ten days is not enough)," said May Ann Ambos, 15, of Tamugan Calinan. Exhausted registrants were still seen at the long lines Wednesday as they waited for several hours...
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...Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature International and Municipal Concept of Elections Living in a democratic country, the very subject of our government is its citizens. Panganiban (2009) stressed that the citizens’ role is not to substitute for and do what our officials should be doing. The citizens’ job is to perform oversight functions, that is, to demand that only the most qualified are elected or appointed, and then to insist that these public officials perform their duties ethically, courageously and competently. Otherwise, if these officials cannot or would not do their jobs properly, the citizens should ask for their resignation, impeachment or dismissal and their replacement by the ethical, the courageous and the competent. That is why according to ARTICLE V of the Philippine Constitution, the right to suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines who are not disqualified by law and who are at least eighteen years of age and have resided in the country for at least one year in the place where they plan to vote at least six months preceding the elections. No literacy, property, or other substantive requirement shall be imposed on the exercise of suffrage. Furthermore, the provision goes on that The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and sanctity of the ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad. The Congress shall also design a procedure for the disabled and the illiterates to vote without...
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...Some countries that had used an automated election system similar to the one that the Commission on Elections bought from Smartmatic have reverted back to manual tallying and counting of votes. Among these countries are Germany, Switzerland and Ireland. In 2009, Germany’s Federal Supreme Court (SC) ruled against the automated election system because the use of electronic voting machines is contrary to the democratic and public character that elections must have. The German Supreme Court also noted the electronic system’s flaws similar to those that Filipino experts have been warning the Comelec and the public about. The biggest complaint against electronic ballot casting, reading and counting systems is their lack of transparency. Nobody sees how the machines are reading each ballot. Then the machines report results that no one can verify. Like the PCOS machines bought by the Philippine government, the machines in Germany did not print our receipts containing what the voter wrote down on his or her ballot. Experts from CenPEG, AEStch and other institutions have been repeating that the problem in Philippine elections is not in the manual voting and the counting and tabulation that the Comelec officials, representatives of all parties, people from accredited watchdogs and the media can witness on blackboards or whiteboards. The cheating is in the transmission of results and the fraudulent canvass. With the midterm election tomorrow only hours away, the Precinct Count Optical...
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...of that, Election Day is one of the most important events in the country. Filipinos have already experienced waiting for a very long time for the result of the election. The result takes time because the votes are counting manually. And this manual counting of votes is really prone to cheating. But this election (since1987) is said to be successive even if it was plagued by violence, poll fraud and bitterly divisive electoral protests. But in order to have a much better election, the Government started an automated election in 1992. It was begun with “Operation MODEX” which stands for Modernization and Excellence. This MODEX aimed to modernize the electoral process from voting to proclamation, systematize the method of registration, clean up and update the list of voters and provide continuing election education to the public. Unfortunately, MODEX was stricken heavy blows that crippled its implementation. After that, PHOTOKINA (Photokina Marketing Corporation) exists in 1999 but the implementation did not happen because the Supreme Court declared their automation contract void in 2004. Then here comes the SMARTMATIC- (Total Information Management) TIM who won the bid to supply the Philippines with an automated election system in 2009. With the help of PCOS Machines, this automated election in today’s year (2010) became really successful. After so many elections that have passed, I think the Philippines is still blessed because of the more successful 2010 election. It is very...
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...of terms for better comprehension of the study. Related Literature All computer scientists who have done work in or are interested in electronic voting seem to agree that online voting does not meet the requirements for public elections and that the current widely-deployed voting systems need improvement. Voting on the Internet has disadvantages based on the areas of secrecy and protection against coercion and/or vote selling. It's such a truly bad idea that there seems to be no credible academic effort to deploy it at all. The Kenyan General elections of 2007 brought national attention to problems with current methods of casting and counting votes in public elections. Most people believe that the current system should be changed; there is much disagreement on how such changes should be made.c really can't trust any code which we did not create ourselves. Therefore, they tend to be extremely suspicious of proprietary voting machines and their makers who insist that we should “just trust [them].” Neumann gives a list of suggestions for "generic voting criteria" which suggests that a voting system should be so hard to tamper with and so resistant to failure that no commercial system is likely to ever meet the requirements, and developing a suitable custom system would be extremely difficult and prohibitively expensive. A voting machine must produce human-readable hardcopy paper results, which can be verified by the voter before the vote is cast, and manually recounted later if necessary...
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...Jersey. Kenneth Colbert the Director Human Resources has contacted the Vice President of Industrial Relations, Graham Grove concerning recent decisions regarding an alternate health care benefit program. According to the memo the plan will be a flex plan for union and nonunion employees with health and dental insurance options. Mr. Colbert and Mr. Graham have hired S. Caldwell IT Consulting Firm to develop and install a benefit election system to support the tracking and reporting of Huffman Trucking employees. The consultant team will describe the consideration needed to address possible security requirements and describe possible risks associated with the requested benefits election system. The Consulting Team S Caldwell IT Consultants believe their role is to act as an adjunct for Huffman Trucking Human resource department, bringing benefits, knowledge, experience and skills. The team will Perform all of plan management functions needed to ensure an effective and efficient delivery of health and dental benefits election to the employees while focusing on long term financial viability. Security Requirements Employers today have moved away from the old ways of enrolling and administering benefits with paper. Huffman Trucking is ready to use a paperless enrollment and...
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...CHAPTER 2 FOREIGN LITERATURE “Electronic Voting Literature” Voting on the internet using PC's everyday offers only weak security, but its main disadvantages are in the areas of anonymity and protection against coercion and/or vote selling. The Presidential elections of 2000 brought national attention to problems with current American methods of casting and counting votes in public elections. Most people believe that the current system should be changed; there is much disagreement on how such changes should be made. Dr. Michael Shamos of CMU provides a sharp counterpoint [6] to Neumann and Mercuri's views. While his “Six Commandments” summary of requirements for a voting system is very similar to others' requirements, he's less afraid of the catastrophic failures and sweeping fraud made possible by imperfections in electronic voting machines actually occurring in a real election. Shamos is also much less impressed with paper ballots than are Neumann and Mercuri. He places a great deal of faith in decentralization to make fraud difficult to commit and easy to detect. Dr. Shamos even likes DRE machines. (We must take into account the fact that this paper was written ten years ago, long before the 2000 elections and before more modern mathematical results like Chaum's; some of Dr. Shamos' opinions may have changed since then. While Dr. Neumann's talk cited here is of similar age, his pessimism with regard to machines has had little reason for change.) Rebecca Mercuri invented...
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...MESE processes to Improve Online E-Voting Prototype System with Paillier Threshold Cryptosystem Web Services Version 1.00 A project submitted to the Faculty of Graduate School, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Software Engineering Department of Computer Science Prepared by Hakan Evecek CS701 Dr. Chow Spring 2007 This project for the Masters of Engineering in Software Engineer degree by Hakan Evecek has been approved for the Department of Computer Science By _______________________________________________________ Dr. C. Edward Chow, Chair _______________________________________________________ Dr. Richard Weiner _______________________________________________________ Dr. Xiaobo Zhou Date Table of Contents Online E-Voting System Project Documentation 4 Abstract 6 1. Introduction 7 2. E-Voting System Related Literature 9 2.1. Public Key Cryptography 9 2.2. Homomorphic Encryption 10 2.3. Zero Knowledge Proofs 10 2.4. Threshold Cryptography 10 2.5. Cryptographic Voting Protocol 11 2.6. Issues in secure e-voting system 12 2.7. Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) 13 2.8. Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) 14 3. Online E-Voting System Project Description 17 3.1. Paillier Threshold Crytosystem...
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