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Bio Lab 1106 Review

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Bio Lab Exam 2

Exercise 12: Respiration
Aerobic and Anaerobic Oxidation of Organic Molecules
All organisms need usable chemical energy to fuel their life processes and respiration is the chemistry that provides that energy
Usually organic carbon molecules are the energy source and CO2 and H2O are released as waste
Respiration removes electrons from (oxidizes) glucose, captures some of the energy stored in ATP, and ultimately passes the electrons to oxygen to form H2O respiration begins with the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate via a set of chemical reactions called glycolysis (occurs with or without oxygen) aerobes store energy by reducing (adding electrons, reducing positive charge) NAD+ and FAD+ oxygen is the final electron-acceptor in the electron transport chain and is reduced to form H2O
Summary equation for Aerobic Respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6O2>>6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat
In anaerobic respiration, the pyruvate from glycolysis is reduced via anaerobic fermentation to either CO2 and ethanol or lactic acid
Summary equation for Anaerobic Fermentation in Plants and Some Microbes:
C6H12O6>> 2C2H5OH (ethanol) + 2CO2 + ATP + Heat ALCOHOLIC FERM
Summary Equation for Anaerobic Fermentation in Animals and Some Microbes:
C6H12O6>> 2CH3CHOHCOOH (lactic acid) + ATP + Heat LACTIC ACID FERM
Anaerobic fermentation does not involve or benefit from the additional ATP produced by the CAC or e- transport chain
Therefore the ability of an organism to live in the absence of oxygen comes at a price: Anaerobic ferm. produces 18-fold less ATP per glucose molecule than does aerobic respiration
CO2 produced during cellular respiration can combine with water to form carbonic acid:
CO2 + H2O< > H2CO3 (carbonic acid) phenolphthalein is red in basic solutions and colorless in acidic solutions
You can monitor cell resp. by measuring acid production as change in

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