...Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school-aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance (StopBullying.gov). Students everywhere get bullied for numerous reasons. The school faculty then take it into their hands to resolve the issue. However, not every measure taken is a wise one. Studies show that schools with anti-bullying programs are 1.2 times more likely to experience increased bullying. Anti-bullying programs are a great way to get the message across, but only when they are effective. These effective programs are ones that encourage a more positive approach rather than encouraging more violence. Bullying is often not taken as seriously as it should be. Although, studies show that bullying has decreased over...
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...BULLYING BOYS: AN EXAMINATION OF HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY IN THE PLAYGROUND Dr L Trickett1 ABSTRACT Violence between young men, particularly resulting from the emergence of a so called ‘gun and knife culture’, is currently subject to extensive media coverage in UK2. Alongside this there has been increased anxiety about both the scale and impact of bullying in schools (Cawson et al, 2002; Tyler, 2002). These issues form part of a more generalised concern about men and boys in Britain often referred to as a ‘crisis of masculinity’ (see Clare, 2000). This article examines findings from research with male respondents about their relationship with hegemonic masculinity (Connell, 1987, 1989, 1995, 2005) and bullying whilst at school and makes suggestions as to what can be done to tackle abusive behaviour amongst boys and young men. 1 Dr Loretta Tricket is a Senior Lecturer and researcher with the Nottingham Law School, Nottingham Trent University, UK. 2 See Lockhart, G; McClory, J and Qvortrup, M. (2007) Gun and Knife Crime in Great Britain, Policy Exchange, Research Note. Knife crime is a fact of life for teenagers (Bryony Gardon, telegraph.co.uk, 31 May 2008). 2 Introduction This article is in five parts. Part One outlines the theoretical background to the research. Part Two describes the methodology and the participants. Part Three discusses different types of bullying and the factors that were associated with them. Part Four discusses resistance...
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...Bullying at School What is Bullying and How Does It Differ in Boys and Girls? What is bullying?1 * An intentional act. The child who bullies wants to harm the victim; it is no accident. * Characterized by repeat occurrences. Bullying is not generally considered a random act, nor a single incident. * A power differential. A fight between two kids of equal power is not bullying; bullying is a fight where the child who bullies has some advantage or power over the child who is victimized. Strategies students use to bully others:1 * Physical - hitting, kicking, beating up, pushing, spitting, property damage, and/or theft. * Verbal - teasing, mocking, name calling, verbal humiliation, verbal intimidation, threats, coercion, extortion, and/or racist, sexist or homophobic taunts. * Social - gossip, rumor spreading, embarrassment, alienation or exclusion from the group, and/or setting the other up to take the blame. * Cyber or electronic - using the Internet, email or text messaging to threaten, hurt, single out, embarrass, spread rumors, and/or reveal secrets about others. Bullying and gender:2 * Boys tend to be physically aggressive. * Boys may be more accepting of bullying than girls. * Boys are more likely to both bully and be bullied than girls. * Girls tend to bully other girls indirectly through peer groups. Rather than bully a targeted child directly, girls more often share with others hurtful information about the targeted child...
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...offline bullying either as a bully, a victim, or both (Bannink, Broeren, Van de Looij-Jansen, de Waart, & Raat , 2014). According to Hoff and Mitchell (2009), “bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school-aged children and teenagers that involves a real or perceived power imbalance”. Typically, there are four types of bullying: verbal, physical, relational, and indirect. However, there is a new form of bullying that has become more prevalent among Internet users worldwide and has recently been subjected to intense media scrutiny largely due to a number of high profile and tragic cases of teen suicide, and that is cyberbullying. Hoff and Mitchell (2009) define cyber bullying as “intentional, aggressive behavior that is performed through electronic means such as PDAs, computers, tablets, cellphones, and etc.”. The most common places that cyberbullying takes place are chat rooms, emails, and social network sites. Furthermore, recent studies have indicated that cyberbullying is becoming increasing popular issue among older adolescents and college students (Mitchell, & Hoff, 2009). Cyberbullying is a new form of intimidation and harassment that is more challenging to identify than traditional bullying, but possesses an equally, if not more, detrimental effect on the victim. Cyberbullying has been discussed as being worse than traditional bullying in its consequences for the victim. The long-term impact of cyber bullying is greater than with traditional bullying. Digital...
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...Social Network in our children lives In December 2012, Facebook had an average of 618 million daily active users (Facebook, 2012). Social networking sites all vary, yet the one feature they have in common is that they permit users to create a personal profile on the website and allows them to interact through instant messaging and e-mail. As the technology of the Internet advances, social networking sites have a greater impact on human relationships, both positive and negative. Social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and My Space have negative effects on children. They increase the ease and rise of cyber bullying, and health problems. Social networks also multiply the numbers of identity theft and bring other issues such as personal insecurities. Social networking sites have increase identity theft, the safety of the children as well as cyber bullying, and health issues. Psychological disorders in children are often caused by the overused of social networking (American Psychological Association, 2011). Children who spend too much time online can rule out important activities such as homework, physical activities, and even deprive themselves of sleep. Rosen (2011) says “studies found that middle school; high school and college students who checked Facebook at least once during a 15 minute study period achieved lower grades”. In social networks such has Facebook; people can choose who to be friends with and who is not. It is a very competitive...
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...Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree With a Major in School Psychology Approved: 2 Semester Credits The Graduate School University of Wisconsin-Stout December, 2009 Author: Title: The Graduate School University of Wisconsin~Stout Menomonie, WI Aune, Nicole M. Cyberbullying Graduate Degree/ Major: MS School Psychology Research Adviser: Dr. Amy Schlieve MonthlY ear: December 2009 Number of Pages: 29 Style Manual Used: American Psychological Association, 5 th edition ABSTRACT A literature review of research pertaining to cyberbullying was completed. ii Findings indicate that cyberbullying is becoming more prevalent as students spend an increasing amount of time using technology that keeps them connected to people at all hours of the day. There are many different ways in which cyberbullies reach their victims, including instant messaging over the Internet, social networking web sites, text messaging and phone calls to cell phones. There are different forms of cyberbullying including, but not limited to, harassment, impersonation, and cyberstalking. It has been found that there are differences between not only the prevalence of cyberbullying between males and females but also the ways in which males and females cyberbully. Like bullying, cyberbullying is a serious problem which can cause the victim to feel inadequate and overly self-conscious, along with...
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...Major in School Psychology Approved: 2 Semester Credits The Graduate School University of Wisconsin-Stout December, 2009 ii The Graduate School University of Wisconsin~Stout Menomonie, WI Author: Title: Aune, Nicole M. Cyberbullying Graduate Degree/ Major: MS School Psychology Research Adviser: MonthlYear: Number of Pages: Dr. Amy Schlieve December 2009 29 Style Manual Used: American Psychological Association, 5th edition ABSTRACT A literature review of research pertaining to cyberbullying was completed. Findings indicate that cyberbullying is becoming more prevalent as students spend an increasing amount of time using technology that keeps them connected to people at all hours of the day. There are many different ways in which cyberbullies reach their victims, including instant messaging over the Internet, social networking web sites, text messaging and phone calls to cell phones. There are different forms of cyberbullying including, but not limited to, harassment, impersonation, and cyberstalking. It has been found that there are differences between not only the prevalence of cyberbullying between males and females but also the ways in which males and females cyberbully. Like bullying, cyberbullying is a serious problem which can cause the victim to feel inadequate and overly self-conscious, along with the possibility of committing suicide due to being cyberbullied. Two such cases are included in this paper. There are numerous ways in which schools and...
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...about it may help someone. For my paper to narrow down the topic, I’m going to stick with grade school kids age 6-11. “The percentage of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 20% in 2008("Childhood Obesity Facts," 2008, page 1). When you look at that specific age group they are not only a physical risk to themselves but also a target for bullying. That can cause mental damage to the person as well. Researchers found that obese children had higher odds of being bullied no matter their gender, race, family socioeconomic status, school demographic profile, social skills or academic achievement. (Bauza, 2010, p. 1). In this paper I want to show ways that kids can become a normal size, how to prevent bullying. What are really at the core of this problem are the other problems that develop. You start with a normal child, who has parents with bad habits. The child puts on weight, and not the normal healthy amount. Then goes into a school environment, where they start to get teased, the child usually turns to food for comfort. It has always been there, and it is what the child knows. The problem continues to worsen as the child grows. At these young ages, you can break the habit early on and improve the quality of life. The effects this problem has on children because roles that parents have positive/negative and that through bullying and bad habits the problem will not go away, but get much worse Let’s...
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...Examining the School Dropout Rate of Students with Disabilities Strayer University Instructor: Dr. Steven Brown Research and Communication- RES 531 August 22, 2010 Abstract This paper examines the reported school dropout rate of students with disabilities and attempts to identify determinants and interventions that are available as well as offering potential programs and interventions in the future. As our population of children identified with disabilities grows we must anticipate their growth into adulthood and prepare them for entrance into the workforce, or prepare ourselves for the financial implications of institutionalizing and caring for this population. By examining historical statistic information along with past and current program implementation conclusions will be formulated and offered regarding what has been successful and where improvements are possible. Context of the Problem There are a multitude of issues that parents of special needs children are unaware of at the onset of diagnosis. The question of what happens to your child when you are gone is paramount in the minds of all parents. One problem is being unaware of what questions to ask. My son received his diagnosis from a psychiatrist who did not make me aware of any medical testing that should be addressed. Necessary information or guidance is not always provided by the attending physician. Educational needs are also of paramount importance, however if parents are unaware of necessary...
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...Introduction Most of the time, physical abuse is not recognize by peoples as a serious problem. Physical abuse occurs when someone physically hurts you, such as by hitting you or throwing something at you. Even if someone only hits you once or doesn't hurt you that badly, it is a big deal. It may be not so serious because it seems they’re not badly hurt, but what the people doesn’t know is they are causing harm, a serious harm to that people they hurt physically.Abuse tends to escalate, putting you at greater risk in the future. Just one incident of being physically hurt by anyone is unacceptable, and you should take steps to stop the abuse. They cause harm in the sense that that even small hurting can cause hidden scars, Hidden scars which are formed by the emotional and psychological wounds. This Hidden scars is manifested by almost all of the people specifically during their teenage years. All parents want a disciplined and well behaved child. However, there are times when a parent loses control or simply has no control over their child. This is when simple parenting crosses the line and becomes emotional abuse. Emotional abuse is elusive. Unlike physical abuse, the people doing it and receiving it may not even know it is happening. It can be more harmful than physical abuse because it can undermine what we think about ourselves. It can cripple all we are meant to be as we allow something untrue to define us. Emotional abuse can happen between parent and child, husband...
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...for 15 to 24 year-olds. Most of the time, people don’t realize that they could have helped a victim because they didn’t know any of the warning signs. The article goes on to talk about the risks of suicide, that 60% of all suicide in America are used with a gun. This is why no one should ever have a gun unlocked or kept in a place where it is easily out of reach. In 1996, more teenagers and young adults died of suicide than from cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects, stroke, pneumonia and influenza, and chronic lung disease combined .In 1996, suicide was the second-leading cause of death among college students, the third-leading cause of death among those aged 15 to 24 years, and the fourth- leading cause of death among those aged 10 to 14 years. From 1980 to 1996, the rate of suicide among African-American males aged 15 to 19 years increased by 105 percent. (NAMI) Kids Health says that girls think or attempt suicide about twice as often as boys. In Thirteen Reasons Why, Hannah commits suicide by overdosing on medication. Girls tend to attempt by cutting or...
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...You say you want the hate to end. You want the lies to stop, the disrespect, and the bullying. You cringe at the harsh words said back and forth online. The alternate world of the Internet has corrupted honest people’s minds and given them an easy, accessible way to manipulate others. This other world within our computers has not only provided an easy way to bully others but has negatively impacted many users’ lives. The immense popularity of social media has affected many aspects of the Internet: productivity levels, privacy, cyber bullying, and communication. So, parents, do something. If you want to see this generation and future generations of kids be saved from the bitter ways of the Internet, don’t just sit around and wait for a change. Be the change. Yes, the cheesy phrases of “protecting the corrupted” and “be the change” have been thrown into context, but that shouldn’t take away from underlying meaning. Although there are rewarding and beneficial aspects that are uncovered by social media, we must protect the future generations from being brainwashed by the ways of the Internet. The cruel, bitter faults from exposing personal information to the cyber world. Because the ways of life are changing and the unawareness of the negative impacts of social media has caused upsetting outcomes. So, I ask, to simply think and be aware of how social media can corrupt your children’s minds and disturb the peace there once was. Social media has become an easy and accessible...
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...we take reflect the personality the individual has been raised up to be. When a person steels a car and is under aged should their parents be held accountable for the actions their child has committed? There are many answers to this question have been expressed throughout the World Wide Web, articles and book in plenty different ways. Most of the answers express come from the same mentality that the parental accountability should only be imposed to a certain age of a child. In my belief, parents should be held responsible for what their child does up to the point of the second year of high school due to the reason of self-control, basically 16 years of age. The child could be held responsible at that point because the education levels have become so advance to the point where they learn in middle school and in high school classes deductive reasoning – right from wrong. Their social skills are also more developed. There are other factors that are related other than age such as the parental liability child’s act and the characteristics of the child after their parents have showed them the way to make the right decision. Almost every state has some sort of parental responsibility law which holds parents or legal guardians responsible for property damage, personal injury, theft, shoplifting, and/or vandalism resulting from intentional or willful acts of their children. Hawaii was the first state to enact such legislation in 1846, and its law remains one of the most broadly applied...
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...P1: Describe forms of abuse which may be experienced by adults & P2: Describe indicators that abuse may be happening to adults Type of abuse | Definition of abuse | Example of abuse | Indicators of abuse | Physical | This kind of abuse involves contact that is pursued to cause an individual to feel intimidated, be injured or any other kind of suffering or bodily harm via physical contact.` | Some examples of physical abuse may involve: punching, pushing, striking with an object, biting, pulling, strangling, kicking, and rape. | There are many signs that indicate that an individual has been physically abused. Some may be injuries that can be seen visually, such as: bruises, cuts, marks, burns, and fractures.Other indicators may be the misuse of drugs and alcohol, the individual isolating themselves. They may have a self-esteem and low confidence which may lead to them feeling suicidal or self-harming. Feelings of fear and mistrust may be present. | Domestic | This kind of abuse is of an individual that is in a relationship that is intimate or is in the family. Domestic abuse is repetitive and is used to manipulate a person using intimidation. | This abuse can come in many forms, these may be pursued emotionally, physically, physiologically, financially or sexually. Actions such as hitting, biting, shoving, kicking, restraining, threats, and slapping may be used to control the individual. | Indicators that an individual has been abused domestically may involve the...
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...Research report: 21 Disabled people’s experiences of targeted violence and hostility Chih Hoong Sin, Annie Hedges, Chloe Cook, Nina Mguni and Natasha Comber Office for Public Management Disabled people’s experiences of targeted violence and hostility Chih Hoong Sin, Annie Hedges, Chloe Cook, Nina Mguni and Natasha Comber Office for Public Management © Equality and Human Rights Commission 2009 First published Spring 2009 ISBN 978 1 84206 123 7 Equality and Human Rights Commission Research Report Series The Equality and Human Rights Commission Research Report Series publishes research carried out for the Commission by commissioned researchers. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Commission. The Commission is publishing the report as a contribution to discussion and debate. Please contact the Research Team for further information about other Commission research reports, or visit our website: Research Team Equality and Human Rights Commission Arndale House The Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3AQ Email: research@equalityhumanrights.com Telephone: 0161 829 8500 Website: www.equalityhumanrights.com You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website: www.equalityhumanrights.com/researchreports If you require this publication in an alternative format, please contact the Communications Team to discuss your needs at: communications@equalityhumanrights.com Contents List of abbreviations Acknowledgements...
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