...FAKE ENCOUNTERS IN INDIA Aastha Maheswari 1) Distinguish between fake encounters and genuine encounters? Ans: A fake encounter is where a person has been killed in cold blood, and not in self-defence, Whereas a genuine encounter is that in which a person has been killed in self-defence. If somebody is firing at you, and the only way to stop him from killing or grievously injuring you is to shoot back, in that case you’re a part of a genuine encounter. Whereas a fake encounter is when you catch hold of somebody and kill him in cold blood. There is absoutely no threat to you. The Central and State governments generally interpret the word, encounter, to mean genuine encounters, with fake encounters being an exception rather than the rule. Those fighting for civil liberties, however, say that the dividing line between genuine and fake encounters is rather tenuous and argued that most of the cases considered by the police as genuine are indeed fake. 2) Does the police have the right to kill the suspects? Why do they resort to take such extreme measures? Ans: The Indian law recognizes the right of a citizen to private defence , and this same right is available to the policemen too. Thus, If the police is firing in an attempt to arrest a person accused of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment of life by the court orders, in that case the encounter cannot be termed as illegal or fake. However, if a death is caused in an ecounter that cannot be justified on the ground of...
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...INDIAN LAW SOCIETY'S LAW COLLEGE, PUNE LONGISH TERM PAPER ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ARTICLE 299 SUBJECT :- COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. SUBMITTED BY:- AJINKYA SALUNKHE LLM-Ist YEAR ROLL NO:- 739 SUBMITED To- Prof.Prashant Gaikwad INDEX. 1) TITLE 2) NATURE OF STUDY 3) SCOPE 4) IMPORTANCE & SIGNIFICANCE 5) LITERATURE REVEIW 6)RESEARCH QUITIONS 7) OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH 8) CHAPTERISATION 1) Introduction. 2) Article 299 of Indian Constitution. 3) Contract by union & State shall be executed.(299 (1) ) Position of informal...
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...The topic I have selected for research is counterfeiting. Many of us know that counterfeiting is a growing problem throughout the world. Most countries have some trade in counterfeit goods, but some have become notorious for producing and exporting large quantities of fake goods. One of the largest is China. China is the world’s largest producer of counterfeit goods, and has the largest market for counterfeit goods. Counterfeiters employ between 3 million and 5 million people in China alone. Does this mean it is acceptable in behavior in Chinese culture for counterfeiting? What are the impact and cost to the China and the rest of the world? And what are the Chinese government and other countries doing to fight back against counterfeiting. These are all question I’m going to address throughout my research paper. Why is counterfeiting so wide spread throughout China? Counterfeiting is a problem with various causes. One reason is China’s traditional culture that has deep roots in the Chinese mind. With a relatively short history of intellectual property laws and an unbalanced enforcement system, has allowed the growing spread of counterfeiting. China has a population of more than 1.3 billion people, which is that largest in the world; it has 56 different nationalities with a highly diversified culture; and a history that dates back to 2100 BC with four different eras. Chinese culture does not allow for a monopoly. The culture that has dominated China...
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...Feedforward interview is a tool that is used by the supervisor and the employee together in order to identify the behaviors and skills that an employee possess in an effort to gain the best performance from the employee (Agiunis, 2013). Feedforward interviewing is a great tool that allows the management and employee to work together to figure out what the employee is excelling at and what areas need improvement. In my opinion, this type of interview promotes unification and team work in an effort to enhance and promote the best possible employee performance level of all employees. The feedforward interview is composed of three steps: producing a success story, identifying success factors, and using the past to forecast the future (Aguinis,...
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...The topic I have selected for research is counterfeiting. Many of us know that counterfeiting is a growing problem throughout the world. Most countries have some trade in counterfeit goods, but some have become notorious for producing and exporting large quantities of fake goods. One of the largest is China. China is the world’s largest producer of counterfeit goods, and has the largest market for counterfeit goods. Counterfeiters employ between 3 million and 5 million people in China alone. Does this mean it is acceptable in behavior in Chinese culture for counterfeiting? What are the impact and cost to the China and the rest of the world? And what are the Chinese government and other countries doing to fight back against counterfeiting. These are all question I’m going to address throughout my research paper. Why is counterfeiting so wide spread throughout China? Counterfeiting is a problem with various causes. One reason is China’s traditional culture that has deep roots in the Chinese mind. With a relatively short history of intellectual property laws and an unbalanced enforcement system, has allowed the growing spread of counterfeiting. China has a population of more than 1.3 billion people, which is that largest in the world; it has 56 different nationalities with a highly diversified culture; and a history that dates back to 2100 BC with four different eras. Chinese culture does not allow for a monopoly. The culture that has dominated China for thousands...
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...up nearly 17% from 2006. These figures reflect the fact that seizures involving smaller quantities of counterfeit and pirated goods have increased. Comparing to 2006 we see an increase in almost all product sectors. Besides medicines, which have gone up by 51% compared to 2006, the 264% increase of intercepted articles for personal care is also a very worrying factor considering that creams, toothpaste and razor blades are amongst them. Another worrying sector is the one of electrical equipment in which we find fuse boxes, switches and other safety equipment under the seized goods. The increasing use of the internet to sell fakes (mainly medicines) and the fact that the high quality of fakes often makes identification impossible without technical expertise, increases the challenge customs face. One of the reasons for this explosion in trade in fakes is that criminals can now produce them on an industrial scale. This provides increased profits and a lot of international criminal organisations are now involved in counterfeiting. It is also believed that terrorist groups are involved in counterfeit and piracy as a means of financing their...
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...------------------------------------------------- We want our staff to be courteous and to acknowledge members who approach them as well as dress appropriately; Shirt, nametag, and closed toed (and heeled) shoes. Yes | No | X | | X | | X | | X | | X | | 3. Were you acknowledged (verbally/non-verbally) when you approached the staff? 4. Was the employee wearing an A.S. name badge? 5. Was the employee wearing a uniform? 6. Were you greeted promptly? 7. When leaving from the encounter, did the employee acknowledge you? 8. If you answered no to any of the questions above, please describe the situation below: ------------------------------------------------- We expect: open posture (unfolded arms, standing up while talking, and visibility; no slouching), smile, eye contact, no sarcasm, no inappropriate conversations, no cell phone usage, and undivided attention from staff during encounters with our members. * Did the...
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...Essential Guidelines for the Servant Evangelism Projects & Report How to do the servant evangelism project 1. This Servant Evangelism Report must document TWO true, face-to-face encounters a. (not a virtual encounter – via www, email, IM etc) with unbeliever in a setting in which you served them unconditionally. The servant evangelism encounter must take place within the semester that the student is enrolled in this particular course. 2. The three P’s to Servant Evangelism- b. P- PERSONAL: These 2 encounters must be personal- face to face- encounters done within this semester. c. P- PRACTICAL/PHYSICAL: In both of these encounters you must meet the physical needs of another individual. Even though prayer, and bible study are essential to the Christian life and growth. These are unacceptable forms of servant evangelism and do not meet the requirements of this assignment. This assignment is for you to meet the physical needs of another individual (Matthew 25:31-46; James 2:14-20). (SEE end of document for a list approved, and unacceptable Servant Evangelism projects.) d. P- PENNILESS: In both of these servant evangelism encounters you may not receive money for your work. This must be a free service to those you are serving. NOTE: All servant Evangelism Papers will be graded by the 3-P system (see above). If your assignment does not fulfill the three P’s it will receive a grade deduction. 3. The point of the service...
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...friendly, well dressed and approachable, which contributed to a relaxed environment. The setting of the meeting room was busy and kept the consumer’s mind occupied whilst they waited for the tour to begin. This helped detract from the issue of the tour starting later than the proposed time. With a contemporary design, the room was appealing to the consumer aesthetically and helped build a positive insight as to the quality which could be expected from the tour. A successful blueprint of the service was clear as both customer A and B knew what part they played during the encounter. Such factors included marking yellow pathways on the roads between buildings for the customer to stay within for their safety as well as providing hair nets and high vis vests for health and safety. A leader follower relationship was adopted in this tour, meaning that the consumer relied on the guide largely for the encounter to be a success. In the case for tennents, this relationship was successful due to the educational and interesting tour provided by our guide. In a way, it is crucial that this intangible element is carried out to a high standard as the...
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...Why do people buy counterfeit products? 1 Running head: Why do people buy counterfeit products? Why people by counterfeit products? Monica Rodriguez American Intercontinental University Dr. Yamil Guevara Why do people buy counterfeit products? 2 ABSTRACT The elaboration and commercialization of counterfeit products is an issue that has been growing prominently within the last 20 years. There is no place in the world free with this type of products. The modernization and the globalization make the counterfeiting process more difficult to control, affecting not only the countries economy, but also its safety and the citizens’ general integrity. Knowing the importance of this problem, different organizations around the world are making a big effort trying to create a variety of countermeasures in order to stop the development of this sector and of course the negative consequences. In order to create effective measures, it is necessary to completely understand the counterfeiting process and the specific reasons why people acquire counterfeit products. The objective of this study is to describe what are the different variables, and their direct influence on the purchaser’s behavior at the moment of buying counterfeit merchandise. The data collection method is based on focus groups, interviews and questionnaires. The results obtained from this study can help to understand the complete counterfeit process...
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...and was used to make her afraid as well as to get a reaction out of the secretary is not considered a crime yet. The squirt gun could be a failure to warn due to looking so life like and not having a warning on it like an orange tip. However, they would need more information to prove this one. As of right now there are zero laws that a person can be charged with using a toy gun to mimic a real one but in the article by Brad Devereaux, “Using toy guns made to look like real weapons would carry increased penalties under proposed bills” there are laws that are trying to be made to prevent people from doing using a fake one. Another crime that needs reference would be the negligence that was involved within two parties. First, even though Steven Steel was not after the secretary he did cause damage to her. By rushing in smacking the phone from her hand and pulling out a fake gun she lost a weeks’ worth of wages and who knows how much time and money she will have to spend to get her mental stability back. Second I think that the president of the college can be held responsible. By sleeping during working hours he could have maybe prevented the damage that the secretary received. Not having a plan in place for these kinds of issues would also be negligence. It is the responsibility of the leaders of the school to...
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...Florentine Codex Translation The Florentine Codex has four version available to read. The original Nahuatl version, Spanish, English from spanish translation, and the new English from Nahuatl translation. Among these four versions, they both discuss the same story line without much variation. But it's the small differences in the Old vs New English that create interesting difference that change certain details and emotions. The new direct Nahuatl translation is of course the more true and preferred version for accurate information. But between these two versions you can see the errors that are constantly being made and the pieces of information that are essentially lost in translation. This can as well compel other historians to revise translations of other important historical documents seeing what type of mistakes and miscommunications can be possible. One of the small details that was found different was about the status of the nobility versus Montezuma, specifically the event where they all meet the new coming Spaniards. In the older English version, is just mentions the nobility alongside Montezuma. This can be misinterpreted as the nobility and Montezuma are of equal ranking with no one being on top of each other on the hierarchy scale. Thanks to the new English version, there is a clarification made that when they all meet the Spaniards, it's Montezuma and Montezuma's rulers and nobles. This adds a new possessive detail in which Montezuma essentially controls these...
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...consequences. One example to showcase this is the famous study of “McKesson & Robbins”. Founder Philip Musica adopted a fake name and started the pharmaceutical company. He faked his company’s value by misreporting his trade receivables. He did it by employing his younger brother, George Vernard and put him in charge of W.W. Smith & Co- a fictitious company. George would then order from the pharmaceutical company. Another Musica brother who was working in the shipping department of McKesson & Robbins would then forge shipping documents, giving off the illusion that the goods were sent to the respective customers. The fourth Musica brother who was appointed as the assistant-treasurer of the pharmaceutical company would then create fake cash flow by transferring money between several accounts. This scheme worked as McKesson & Robbins paid commission to W.W. Smith & Co. for every sale. The fraud was unveiled when company treasurer noticed the large transactions between the two companies. The objectives of internal controls are: 1) Whether transactions are real 2) Whether transactions are recorded 3) Correct amounts assigned to transactions 4) Whether transactions are allocated to the correct account 5) Whether the figures are totalled correctly. In the case of McKesson & Robbins, there were fake transactions occurring and no one knew. Whether this case fulfilled the rest of the objectives is unconfirmed due to the lack...
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...Replicas and Forgeries Chris Rohr Western Governors University Replicas and Forgeries Fakes, forgeries and replicas have been created for centuries. Determining the difference between them has been an issue of growing importance. Hundreds of books have been written on the subject and there are professions and organizations built around determining the true nature of an object. For the purposes of this paper and object may be a work of art, a document or an artifact. A replica is a copy of an original object that is not presented as the original. The replica is not considered the original even if it is made of the same materials and constructed in the same fashion as the original object. A forgery or a fake is a copy of an object that is represented as the original object. The forgery or a fake is not considered the original even if it is made of the same materials and constructed in the same fashion as the original object. According to some experts determining the authenticity and originality of an object is becoming more and difficult “...we have become so immersed in the world of mediated representations that we can no longer tell the difference between authentic and the artificial” (Knight & Long, 2004, p. 2). The differences which separate replicas from forgeries or fakes are deception in representing the object, altering the value of the object and the intent in the creation of the object. The intent to deceive the true representative nature of an object is...
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...innovation organization, added to a framework to add infinitesimal spaces to the surface of an item. Little sticks are set to diverse statures, every encoding a letter or digit. The pins can either be inserted in the mold an item is produced using or stamped on a short time later. The subsequent code is verging on imperceptible, and excessively modest, making it impossible to feel. Be that as it may, a speedy laser sweep could demonstrate an item’s inception, which the specialists say could track and check items to battle fakes. The yearly worldwide estimation of fake merchandise has been anticipated to be more than $1.5 trillion by the International Chamber of Commerce. Fake hardware are an issue, and fake prescription can be absolute risky, containing the wrong dosage or no dynamic fixing by any means. This is particularly an issue in the creating scene. The World Health Organization evaluates more than 25 percent of the drug expended in poorer nations is fake or substandard. Existing apparatuses to battle this incorporate a check framework wherein a patient can filter the bundling of their solution and content an exceptional code to guarantee their pharmaceutical is real. The FDA has additionally composed a gadget that uses UV light to output pills and their bundling. Be that as it may, bundling can be replicated or exchanged. The new 3D standardized identification really turns out to be an item’s piece. “Interestingly,” said Sofmat chief Phil Harrison in a press discharge...
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