...Term Paper on Hate Speech on College Campuses Introduction As colleges struggle to handle the various differences their students and faculty embody, the problem of “hate speech” has become a focal point of educational erudition and policy-making. In the most deliberate and alarming cases, hate speech is projected to degrade or disgrace those at whom it is directed, usually colored people, gays, lesbians, the physically or mentally challenged, and women, regardless of their sexual orientation, race, religion or ability. Less disturbing examples include insensitive or careless comments, jokes, and other expressions that are painful to those to whom they are directed, regardless of the intent of the person by whom they are spoken or written. The main focus of this essay is to discuss the current dominant structure within which the matter of hate speech is being debated. This structure draws heavily on the discussion of the Fourteenth and the First Amendments, which in my opinion are not adequate to the issue of hate speech. There is a pressing need for extra-legal standards for communicative interaction to handle this sensitive issue. Main Body In our society various laws have been invoked to regulate an increasingly extensive range of social communications. The very language with which we percept and talk about our needs, desires and disagreements is often highly legalistic (Glendon 1991). When reacting to someone else’s hurting experience, one may lament that there should...
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...Term Paper on Hate Speech on College Campuses Introduction As colleges struggle to handle the various differences their students and faculty embody, the problem of “hate speech” has become a focal point of educational erudition and policy-making. In the most deliberate and alarming cases, hate speech is projected to degrade or disgrace those at whom it is directed, usually colored people, gays, lesbians, the physically or mentally challenged, and women, regardless of their sexual orientation, race, religion or ability. Less disturbing examples include insensitive or careless comments, jokes, and other expressions that are painful to those to whom they are directed, regardless of the intent of the person by whom they are spoken or written. The main focus of this essay is to discuss the current dominant structure within which the matter of hate speech is being debated. This structure draws heavily on the discussion of the Fourteenth and the First Amendments, which in my opinion are not adequate to the issue of hate speech. There is a pressing need for extra-legal standards for communicative interaction to handle this sensitive issue. Main Body In our society various laws have been invoked to regulate an increasingly extensive range of social communications. The very language with which we talk about our needs, desires and disagreements is often highly legalistic (Glendon 1991). When reacting to someone else’s hurting experience, one may lament that there should be a law against...
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...College campuses have always been the sites where students can express their opinions without fear. There have been many debates about the merits of allowing free speech on campus. Some students and faculties support allowing free speech on campus, while others believe that colleges should restrict free speech to make the college’s environment safer for every student. Restricting the freedom of expression is a bad idea because freedom of speech is one of the fundamental rights in the Constitution, free speech also prepares college students for society, and free speech also improves college students’ mental health. Freedom of speech is one of the crucial rights of American citizens. The Constitution states that American citizens are guaranteed...
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...College Campus Rumpus College is supposed to be a place for people to mature and develop their senses and character; it should be a prominent place for people to exchange ideas and differing opinions. However movements on college campuses across America have been stifling free expression and have gone so far as to protest and shut down people who have spoken out against their suppression of free speech. Movements such as Black Lives Matter liken themselves to being proponents of good seeking to ameliorate a lack of diversity based on superficial qualities such as the color of a person’s skin, instead of promoting a range of different ideas. Many colleges across the country have bent over backwards in an effort to oblige the incessant droning...
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...Amendment rights can be a summarized in one word for me. Bizarre. College campuses should not be able to put restrictions on students’ right to free expression. Contrary to popular belief that “sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me,” I understand that words do hurt; however, it is impossible to regulate language “because we don’t really know how to classify any kind of speech, which we would have to do before we could safely legislate against it”(314). You cannot prescribe a single remedy for the millions of different people on campus. How one person reacts to a word is completely different than how another person would. This is why our First Amendment rights cannot be restricted because there are too many variables attached to it. A UCLA student, Alexandra Wallace, posted a video on YouTube in which she complains about Asian students’ behavior. Wallace's three-minute video had triggered a national discussion about racial stereotyping and what authority, if any, colleges have over students' speech and opinions. When you are given the opportunity to express free speech, you have to act responsibly. Just like if you are given a license, you have to drive responsibly. If a driver decides to pass a red light, he is faced with the consequences of his actions. With that being said, Wallace posted the video and it was part of her First Amendment rights to express free speech; however, she did this at her own risk. She received death threats...
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...Free speech zone in universities Many campuses congratulate themselves on their sociability when they establish small free-speech zones where political things can be scheduled. Once I read in the Washington Post year ago, Texas Tech’s 28,000 students had a free-speech gazebo(the name of the free speech zone) that was big. Zones limit such free speech because they require students to get their permission for activities from school heads beforehand, which can then lead to discrimination. There are three main notes mentioned in the Washington post: At First, these are actually no means the types of free speech violations we see on campus. A look at FIRE’s case history it shows the true extent of threats to free speech on campus and the many ways they do it themselves. Second, speech code ratings of more than 400 universities around the country will provide you with a fuller appreciation of the many types of policies that indulge on the free speech rights of students. Finally, most of my examples are with the cases at public universities, which are made by the First law. We may have seen many of these same cases; however, at the private universities many of which may not be legally made by the First law, still make more promises of free speech to their students in their policies. Private institutions are controlled by these promises which courts in many states have said as strict contracts. In California private secular colleges are required by law to afford students the same...
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...A Walk to Subway How does the University of Illinois enforce their “no smoking” policy? As of Jan 1, 2014 smoking has been prohibited at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Once a college or university establishes themselves as a smoke free campus it is from that point forward acknowledged by many people, especially those who hinder the act of smoking, as a cleaner, safer, and healthier learning environment to accompany its students, faculty and guests. To this day, it has been eight months since this restriction of smoking on campus was authorized at the University of Illinois, however I am positive that smoking is still very popular on campus. A week ago I saw three women “puffing away” right outside The Chapel of St. John the Divine and just the other day I saw a few University of Illinois staff members carelessly smoking right next to Florida Avenue Residence Hall. Keep in mind, these are supposed to be the ones setting the example for the students. Many colleges and universities have already established their campuses as smoke free and many are in the process of doing so. I wonder if the University of Illinois is honestly against smoking on their campus or if they have integrated this policy on the university to follow a popular trend, or to make the University seem more prestigious. Obviously they don’t seem to be enforcing this new policy. Tuesday evening as I am making my way to rugby practice an unpleasant stench smacks me in the face as I turn a corner...
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...A fraternity is designed to promote friendship, to encourage sociability, and allow the expression of ones’ self. Today the obsessive presence of the media has twisted the original positive outlook people had on Greek life. Modern fraternities provide a chance for self-improvement, reinforcement of leadership skills, and philanthropy. Public criticism is deserved when it comes to excessive drinking. But do these organizations advocate misogyny? A fraternity is a holistic institution; to say that all brothers are misogynistic is absurd. Charging fraternities for being misogynistic rape houses is completely illogical. Misogyny is defined as the dislike of, contempt for, or ingrained prejudice against women. If male Greek’s are misogynistic,...
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...SLUT! The article Slut! Growing up Female with a Bad Reputation by Leora Tanenbaum focuses in on societies views on women and adolescent girls who are targeted for various reasons and labeled as sluts. Tannenbaum undergoes a series of interviews where she answers questions about how girls and their sexuality is viewed and targeted by many only because she is a female. Tannenbaum also conducts and interview herself on a young college woman to study her childhood as she grew up. The young lady remarks that as she grew up in a typical high school she was branded with the word “slut” because of an incident involving alcohol which in turn led her to be raped. Her abuser spread the word about them having sex around the school which eventually branded her to becoming the school slut. Tanenbaum not only talks about this specific case but also initiates an ongoing controversial debate about how differently men and women are perceived in society when it comes to sexuality. Since the beginning of time men and woman have had to obey different rules and succumb to different stereotypes because of their sexuality. Women who choose to conquer their sexuality and explore the male anatomy are often labeled as sluts and impure because they choose to be promiscuous, they are scrutinized and derogated and many times abused, whether it be verbally or physically for emphasizing their sexual freedom. Men on the other hand, are praised and congratulated for being with many women; their reputations...
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...discriminated against at colleges and universities they attend. Introduction: After high school, most scholars look forward to the “university life”, as that is where you expect to discover who you truly are and where you belong in the world. Because the student community at universities are so diverse based on race, gender and backgrounds, you expect to experience acceptance, unity and from there, also adopt me confidence. In spite of this, it isn’t always easy for homosexuals to express themselves as they are, because many of the other students seem to be overly judgemental towards them. The following research proposal is conducted to identify what homosexuality is, and how students that...
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...Affordability of College Textbooks: Textbook Prices Have Risen Significantly in the Last Four Years, but Some Strategies May Help to Control These Costs for Students August 2008 Report 2007-116 CALIFORNIA S TAT E A U D I T O R The first five copies of each California State Auditor report are free. Additional copies are $3 each, payable by check or money order. You can obtain reports by contacting the Bureau of State Audits at the following address: California State Auditor Bureau of State Audits 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 300 Sacramento, California 95814 916.445.0255 or TTY 916.445.0033 OR This report is also available on the World Wide Web http://www.bsa.ca.gov The California State Auditor is pleased to announce the availability of an on-line subscription service. For information on how to subscribe, please contact the Information Technology Unit at 916.445.0255, ext. 456, or visit our Web site at www.bsa.ca.gov. Alternate format reports available upon request. Permission is granted to reproduce reports. For questions regarding the contents of this report, please contact Margarita Fernández, Chief of Public Affairs, at 916.445.0255. Elaine M. Howle State Auditor Doug Cordiner Chief Deputy 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 300 CALIFORNIA STATE AUDITOR Bureau of State Audits S a c r a m e n t o, C A 9 5 8 1 4 916.445.0255 916.327.0019 fax w w w. b s a . c a . g o v August 12, 2008 The Governor of California President pro Tempore of the Senate Speaker of the Assembly State...
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...Significant Legal Decisions Involving Hate Speech in America What exactly is Hate Speech? There are many different variations to this answer. According to dictionary.com, it is “speech that attacks a person or group on the basis of race, religion, gender, or sexual orientation” (“hate speech”). Anthony Lewis’ description of hate speech focuses more on the people it aims at: “Hate speech, it is called: virulent attack on Jews, blacks, Muslims, homosexuals, or members of any other group. It is pure hatred, not based on any wrong done by an individual” (157) Throughout history, many cases involving hate speech have been brought to court; each of them differ in their own ways and each brought a significant change to our Constitution. Our country prides itself in having freedom for all, and that includes freedom of speech. But when does freedom of speech cross the line? Many court decisions tried to come up with a solid answer, but there may not ever be a successful way to categorize hate speech. All of the cases covered here played a large part in transforming what the First Amendment covers. America started to recognize the significance of hate speech beginning in 1940, and policies began to form to protect offensive speech. At this point in history, hate speech was better known as “racial and religious propaganda” (Walker 62). The Holocaust was a major turning point for America, because we realized the destruction that it caused, and the government wanted to make sure nothing...
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...Hippie Culture Edit 0 22… Hippie Culture Hallie Israel and Molly Clark Overview Hippies represent the counterculture of the 1960’s. Their lifestyle is usually associated with rock music, hallucinogenic drugs, and long, flowy hair and clothing. They were seen by some as disrespectful and dirty and a disgrace to society, but to many they are a reminder of a more peaceful, carefree part of America’s history. Hippies were strongly against violence and supported liberal policies and freedom of personal expression, their lifestyles centering around the concepts of peace, freedom, and harmony for all people. Generally, counterculture is used to describe the culture of a group of people whose morals, values, core ideals, and lifestyle differs, contradicts, or is polar to those of mainstream society at the time. Culturally, it is often described as a social equivalent to extremely liberal politics and radicalism. Who The hippies of the 1960’s were the teenagers of the baby boom generation, so they were found in large numbers. They were generally Caucasian, middle-class, white teenagers between the ages of 15-25 who were tired of the restrictions put on them by society and their conservative parents. Most lived in urban areas or came from an urban background. They were tired of conforming and began to express themselves in a radical way. Hippies didn’t care about money and worked as little as possible. Instead, many of them shared what they had and lived together in large...
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...Robert Watson Columbia College In an organizational context, group behavior is an important concept as it determines the cohesiveness and coherence of the organizational culture and organizational communication. For instance, unless the human resource department (HRD) function communicates the policies clearly and cogently, the employees would not participate and comply with them wholeheartedly. Hence, molding group behavior is important for organizations. However, this cannot be construed to mean that all employees must think and act alike. On the contrary, innovation cannot happen when group behavior is the same across all levels. The point here is that while organizations must strive for cohesiveness and coherence, they must not sacrifice the principles of individual creativity and brilliance that are at the heart of organizational change and innovation. In these turbulent times, there is a need for individuals to take a stand and be firm on the direction that the organization seeks to take. Of course, group behavior needs to be inculcated in organizations for the simple reason that employees must conform to the rules and regulations that govern organizations. Hence, there is a need for uniformity and consistency in the way organizational group behavior has to be molded. Group behavior must be encouraged by the HRD function as a means to ensure cohesiveness in the organization. In the technology sector, we often find employees straight out of campuses behaving as though...
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...A fascinating statistic from the time: “80% of the nation’s campuses experienced protests after Kent State, and 58% of the students participated in them.” And though an FBI investigational report detailed that no Guardsmen were proved to have been in danger of their lives, the state refused to try any of the soldiers. Rather, it pursed indictments against some of the demonstrators who had been at the shooting, arguing that the environment of the rally is what caused the Guardsmen to fear for their lives. Four years later, the federal government would attempt to charge several Guardsmen, but they were released due to a...
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