...Human Sex Trafficking Human sex trafficking is an illegal form of modern day slavery that has turned into a lucrative business. Sex is very big business and there is a tremendous amount of money that can be made. There are people that will use any means necessary to be a part of this industry. Young women and children are used as a commodity, offered a better life and then sold like property to increase the wallets of these criminals. I am against this kind of inhumane treatment and believe that we, as a nation, need to do more to abolish this so called “business” forever. I know that we don’t have laws against human sex trafficking in every state yet, but the ones that we do have are a great start. I believe that with more laws, stronger penalties for breaking those laws, and awareness that this is a very big and rapidly growing problem, it is possible. These girls are not inventory, they are humans. As a nation we need to make this part of our history, what used to be, not what is today. A promise of a better life is one way the victims are captured; they are also obtained through much more sinister ways. They are often sold to the traffickers by their parents, husbands or boyfriends. However, there are some who have been out right kidnapped. These young girls are then forced to become sex slaves for money that they never receive. These victims are subjected to cruel and inhumane treatment. They suffer at the hands of their captors on a daily basis to insure their...
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...Human Sex Trafficking Alia Abutaa BSHS/302 July 26, 2010 Anie Sklar What can be worse than not knowing what has happened to a loved one that has disappeared? One minute they are beside you and the next they are gone hoping that they will be returned soon unharmed. Waiting for some sort of news is the hardest as unimaginable thoughts race around one’s mind. Unfortunately for many the wait can go on for years and more than likely forever. In many countries human sex trafficking has become today’s version of slavery. Victims include male and female, but mostly wanted are young girls under the age of 18 (Martin, 2007). What can be thought of vacation time when visiting other countries can often times lead to a nightmare and another scenario might be that parents who are in need of money will end up selling their children into sex slavery in exchange for cash. Perpetrators on the hunt know exactly how to approach would be victims with the right things to say on to lure them in without suspicion. As human service professionals try to gain awareness with the predicament, they find that there are some officials who would rather pretend that they care when in reality they benefit from the sex trafficking. There are different scenarios as to how a person becomes a victim. “They are recruited into prostitution, often using tactics involving force, fraud, or coercion (Pakistan Journal, 2009).” Some victims are kidnapped which is better known as smuggling a person from...
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...Until recently, in the US, the thought of Human Sex Trafficking never occurred to Americans. Human sex trafficking is an illegal activity. This involves selling, buying and trading of people. They are transported away from their families and communities and are forced to work against their own will. People are trafficked both between countries and within the borders of a state. It is also known as modern slavery and a form of sexual exploitation; where women’s, girls and children’s are forced to enter in the world of prostitution. People do this to make money, for some people it’s a business a way to make profit. 27 million people all over the world are currently being forced into human sex trafficking, 1 million children will be exploited by the commercial sex trade each year (Buzzle). The purpose of this paper is to inform the audience about the crime of human sex trafficking. What is the background on human sex trafficking? What is the current situation in India with human sex trafficking? What will happen in the future with the issues of human sex trafficking? Human Trafficking is defined in the Trafficking Protocol as "the recruitment, transport, transfer, harboring or receipt of a person by such means as threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud or deception for the purpose of exploitation." Human sex trafficking is the modern equivalent of slavery. It’s an incredibly profitably crime, bringing quick, high profits...
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...major role in constructing and maintaining sex trafficking as a social problem. Although, the United States has been less visible as a site of transnational and domestic trafficking in women than other countries, this situation is beginning to change. Recent accounts about human and sex trafficking in the United States, mainly appearing in national and local media, indicates that trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation is a national problem; and one that is increasing in scope and magnitude. The U.S. government estimates that 50,000 women and children are trafficked each year into the United States, primarily from other countries. However, little research has been completed on contemporary trafficking in the United States. Women and children have been the target of sex trafficking for thousands of years. This practice, going on throughout the centuries, finally became a political issue in the early 1900s. In 1902, the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic was drafted. Its purpose was to "prevent the procuration of women and girls for immoral purposes abroad" (www.protectionproject.org). After a few years it was ratified by twelve countries around the world. This eventually led to the United States passing the Mann Act of 1910 which "forbids transporting a person across state or international lines for prostitution or other immoral purposes" (www.protectionproject.org). With the problem of sex trafficking still growing in the middle...
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...why we as human beings must now come to terms with our ever changing environment and no longer deny this fundamental right to gay couples around the world. Allowing two consenting adults to commit to each other should not be restricted to an exclusive group but available to all because we are created equal. The biggest reason, in my opinion, that gay marriage has come to the forefront of debate is because we are moving towards a free world where everyone can live the life they choose. In today's environment one can travel to many countries around the world and not be shunned for being gay. What this is doing is lowering the stigma of being gay and is allowing gay people to not hide who they are. Because of this the conservative opposition is starting to push back and it has erupted into a worldwide debate of morals. Unfortunately these morals are so different between the two parties that there is no way to convince the opposing sides to listen to each other. The gay community is in a legal purgatory in a sense. They are protected from discrimination as a protected class but they aren't allowed the right to marry. Denying individuals to marry who they want is a violation of the individual's religious freedoms. In the United States the first amendment of the constitution says that the government will make no law that prohibits the free exercise of religion. Which is exactly what they did with the passage of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA). DOMA said that same sex marriages...
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...Research Paper on Human Trafficking and Sex Trade in the UAE ABSTRACT: Human trafficking, which relates to the treatment of people through the use of deception, force or coercion or other means to transport them across different borders worldwide and within countries, has attracted a lot of attention (Godziack & Bump,2008).This is so because the plight of women and children who are exploited for both labour and sex, has been brought to the attention of governments and international bodies such as the United Nations. Though human trafficking is not confined only to women and children, but includes men as well (for labour), it is the use and abuse of women and children for sexual activities that has received new focus. This has also been the case in the UAE. The country has been criticized for being lax in curbing or preventing this activity. This resulted in action on the part of the UAE government. The scope of this paper is to look at human trafficking in the UAE and the actions taken to stop it and prosecute the perpetrators of it. Definition and Background to Human Trafficking: In today’s world many people see and refer to human trafficking as the “ new slave trade”. Though human trafficking is seen and described as a new phenomenon, it is actually very old. It has existed for thousands of years, but just in another form and name, namely that of slavery. This leads to a comparison between the old and the new. In the modern setting of today’s world, exploitation...
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...still pregnant. As a result females are choosier concerning mates. Males compete for quantity of females whereas females compete for quality of males and their resources. As females invest a lot during both prenatal and post-natal pregnancy (feeding etc.) they aim to look for cues that men have resources for their offspring to survive (e.g. socio economic status). According to Buss (2003) females aim to choose mates who are able to provide resources, can physically protect her and the offspring and show good promise as a parent. Males, on the other hand, have short term preferences. They prefer short term relationships in order to produce as many offspring as possible. Men seem to be less choosy and show decreased attraction following sex, which many believe is an evolutionary trait to prevent them from staying too long with one woman. Men generally look for cues that suggest fertility, such as a low waist to weight ratio and youth. When males do invest parentally through resources, they are under pressure to protect themselves from the possibility of cuckoldry. Because males make a considerable investment in their children, they have greater concern than females about the fidelity of the mates. As a result they try to ensure their care is not misdirected to towards non relatives. This is supported by Daly and Wilson (1988) which show children under...
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...different ways. Hormonal imbalance in the human body can cause an individual to question their true gender. The human body produces hormones which act as “chemical messengers” to try to regulate certain bodily functions like metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced in the endocrine system which includes the adrenal, pancreas, pineal, pituitary, and thyroid glands and manage things like puberty, growth, and physical changes. Hormones help the body maintain homeostasis or a state of balance within the body. When the body produces to much or to little of a hormone it can cause both physical and emotional problems. What are the interactions between hormones and do these interactions affect determination of gender identity? Hormones are responsible for sexual dimorphism (phenotypic sex differences) in the structure of the body and its organs. For example, hormones affect the internal sex organs, including genitals, and secondary sex characteristics that can operate to influence a person's behavior. Thus some research indicates that hormones are responsible for the gender makeup that acts as determinants of feminine and masculine traits. In addition, hormones affect behavior by interacting with the nervous system through androgens during prenatal development. Thus, sex hormones affect the adult nervous system, which in turn influence physiological processes and behavior. Hormones influence sex in two ways: by influencing the development...
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...Sex differences in parental investment and sexual selection investigation. Introduction. Sex differences in parental investment and sexual selection are the evolutionary theory processes which suggest that our choice of partners is determined by the extent to which they possess certain features which help us to reproduce and prevent our species from extinction. Sexual selection states that some mates possess certain features that are attractive to the opposite sex, therefore allowing them to get an easier access to mates and pass our genes on to the next generation, such as youth and health in women, which will ensure their fertility, and resoursefulness in men, which means they will be able to provide for the offspring. Sex differences in parental investment suggest that different sexes invest different amounts of resources (time, energy etc.) into their offspring for it to survive, such as females investing far greater into their offspring compared to males due to a complex process of childbearing and childbirth. This leads to the same conclusion regarding women looking for partners with resources and men looking for women who are young to ensure they are able to reproduce and the child’s theirs as their main concern is to pass their genes and ensure the offspring’s they are investing into is theirs. The sex differences in human mate preferences were studied by Buss (1989), who developed a questionnaire which consisted of the two sections. First section included biographical...
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...Nowadays, changing sex has been a culture to people who are having the desire in exchanging their gender. This kind of disgrace behaviour happens because they have lack of motivation towards themselves and gained least support in life but not majority of them are having this kind of difficulties. There are some of them who are tending to be transvestite because they love the personalities of their opposite gender. What is actually sex changing is? Basically changing sex is about the reassignment or a replacement hormone towards the changing of gender role it happens towards male and female who are having the desire in changing their sexes instead of human it can also be occur on the plant as well. The reason why sex changing is not allowed and strictly prohibited in most religion because it gives bad effect towards people who involve in terms of health, perception of people and behaviour. Taking care of our health is essential in life because health defines the healthiness of us. Changing sex into opposite gender it’s not an easy way because in order to change it a sex affirmation is needed for a particular person to undergo. There are some effects which will causes towards the end of surgery for example the person will had some infection to their sexual organs which can leads the damages of the hormone. Furthermore, the risk of having HIV is high this is because of the activities that they are involved by having the intimacy. HIV can be transferred from one person to another...
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...A critical review: Chickens prefer beautiful humans by Ghirlanda, Jansson, and Enquist (2002) Ghirlanda, Jansson, and Enquist (2002) used both humans and chickens as participants. With the assumption that similar processes can develop in any nervous system, a comparison of these two species’ preferences to human faces was made, with the aim of determining whether human preferences arise from general properties of the nervous systems, or from face-specific adaptations. However, several methodological issues have been encountered and are discussed below. In their design, they used a set of seven faces as stimuli. These were increasing in femininity, ranging from exaggerated male traits to exaggerated female traits. Figure 1: Set of seven faces as stimuli (Ghirlanda et al., 2002) The experiment consisted of one training period and one testing period. During training, chickens were presented with, on a screen, only the average male and female faces for 10 seconds, or until these were pecked. Hens had to peck male faces, and cocks had to peck female faces in order to be rewarded with food, so the animals were taught to prefer the opposite sex. The training period lasted until the animals learned choice preference for the opposite sex faces, more specifically, when 75% of the total pecks were directed towards the rewarded face. Human participants, on the other hand, did not receive training, but were shown the set of faces, in a random order, once, before the testing phase...
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...Discuss sex differences in Parental Investment (24 marks) Parental investment is defined as “any investment made by the parent in an individual offspring that increases the offsprings chance of survival.” There are differences in how much each gender invests in their offspring, according to evolutionary theories. Female investment in a child is usually greater. This is because female’s can have limited offspring, whereas men can have potentially an unlimited offspring, as well as this, females also make a greater pre and post natal commitment. The female must carry and nourish the child for 9 months, and then continue breastfeeding and care for the baby once it is born, as the child cannot get this care from the male, the male’s investment is much less, as the male can “opt out” where the mother cannot. The investment made by mothers is also great, as human babies are more dependant and require more care, as they are born less developed than other species. A reason why male investment is less of that than females is because males are always at risk of cuckoldry – investing resources in another man’s child – where females are always certain the child is theirs. Therefore the males invest less in the child, to reduce the risk of cuckoldry and therefore reduce potential resource wasting. Additionally, the risk of cuckoldry means there is more concern from the males over the sexual fidelity of mates, so as their investment is well spent. Conversely, a women’s concern is more prominently...
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...In my opinion, I totally agree with the guidelines of the group “Bioethics and Intersex” within the German Network DSD/Intersex because their ethical point of view upheld the equal human right of the children with ambiguous genitalia and the intersex people. When people are born on earth, they have right to decide for their lives. In the 1960s, many doctors did early corrective surgeries for infants with ambiguous genitalia in their early childhood because they thought that the best way to help the affected babies to facilitate stable gender identity and appropriate gender role behavior in society. However, this solution had resulted in many consequences. For instance, it could cause negative consequences for their physiological function or...
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...LA : paper due wednesday Marat sade: paper sex and death: project voice: ball piece gender role: social role in society sex- gameyetes biological in most cases, typical male behavior fighting other males for access to females. Or looking good to get a female. - parental investment -- behaving as it would -- any energy risk, effort thetas put into one offspring that can not be out into another offspring (ie) a drop of yolk. Any investing// more time choosing a pack of gum or a car -- more picky. a female is choosy because she has more investment. - the sex that choses or the sex that is chosen - peacocks -- male provides sperm, female choses male based on sperm. until the bird is fledged. more eyes-- longer life span better offspring humans do not fall neatly into these categories-- examples: looking good to get a female. symmetry of the face -- good genes. picking the best match investment level -- children boobs = feathers 1:Male: be flashy/ showing off/ be more desirable- peacocks must be chosen by the female. Defending territory - male salmon/ fighting: elephant seal - demonstrating their worth. eye spots on my tail, long snood, i beat the crap out of all the other seals so i am clearly the best. making an effort to secure a mate by: examples 1. female: choosy/ coy choosing them or waiting for fight 2. Parental Investment - anything (such as energy or time) you put into one kid that takes away fitness from future kids. ie: 9 months being pregnant...
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...Outline and evaluate the role of genes and/or hormones in gender development (8 + 16 marks) AO1 – Outline of the the role of genes and hormones in gender development Biological sex is determined by genes, which are on chromosomes. Humans generally have 23 pairs of chromosomes, one pair of which determines sex. Females have an XX pair while males have an XY pair. Chromosomal sex largely controls how masculine or feminine the egg's development will be. Chromosomal sex controls whether an embryo will develop ovaries or testes. The Y chromosome, which only males possess, will cause the gonad (the organ which produces sex cells) to develop into testes. External genitalia strongly influence gender development, through the effects of the hormones which they produce. Androgens (male hormones) such as testosterone, which the testes produce when the foetus is about 3 months old, stimulate the development of male sex organs. Genetic females who are exposed prenatally to high levels of androgens may therefore develop ambiguous genitalia and the baby may appear externally to be male. Similarly, genetic males who are insensitive to androgens may appear externally to be female - this condition is known as androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS). Hormones also have a powerful effect on the development of the brain. Females and males have different brains, with females generally being better at social skills such as empathising and males generally excelling at spatial skills. Testosterone...
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