1-18. McDonald’s global marketing stagey is based on both of global and local marketing. Which is marketing mix element called glocalization by using 4Ps (product, price, promotion, and place marketing mix). McDonald’s business model that can set up everywhere in the world by franchisees and commitment to communities. In additions, McDonald’s provides three important thing to customer: inexpensive food with consistent taste regardless of location, quick service, and clean environment by promising and delivering. Aside from these things, standardization can be seen from McDonald’s appearance --- their trademark logo (Golden Arches). In terms of globalization, McDonald’s offer core menu items like hamburgers, French fries and soft drinks. Which are standardized products in the same way everywhere. McDonald’s is doing the “Think Globally, Act Locally” strategy for some of their marketing activities. An example of this is the company’s slogan. McDonald’s standardized the “I’m lovin’ it” and then adapted it to different languages based on the location. Another example is that while McDonald’s offers the same menu across the world, the food ingredients are produced locally or are coming from local sources. By this way, McDonald’s can minimize costs and also cater to customers’ desires. As Ken Koziol, the vice president for worldwide restaurant innovation said “McDonald’s built on a strong foundation of a core menu that we took around the world but we need to make sure we are more locally relevant.” Some prefer their burgers made from chicken or pork and some prefer their food to be vegetarian food. McDonald’s is also offering other choices in their menu such as rice instead of fries as side dish. McDonald’s is also doing the “Think Locally, Act Globally” strategy now. Based from the positive results they had from the European operations, McDonald’s intends to renovate their restaurants. They will apply the same environment from European stores to the ones they have in the US.

1-19. There are pros and cons of the government allowing McDonald’s in their country. A good thing from this is that a lot of investment will be done to that country. Because the businesses provide much-needed jobs, employee training, supply chain partner and support local sources such as chicken and tomatoes in developing countries. For example, in 2002, Wimm-Bill-Dann supplies dairy products to McDonald’s. It became the first Russian company to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange. However, a bad thing from this is that other food chains especially small ones will be greatly affected and lose customers. Consumers from Russia, China and India countries welcome McDonald’s, but not all. In India, McDonald’s adjusted/modified their menu to cater their customers. They developed burgers made from chicken because Hindu religion prohibits eating beef. However, there were still protests against McDonald’s accusing them of using beef in their food. Overall, McDonald’s is greatly accepted in these countries and this can be seen in the number of restaurants and sales figures.

1-21. It is not realistic for a company expanding global to not face any challenges or not to make any mistake. Expanding globally involves a lot of risks abroad such as cultural risk. Entering a new environment is a great challenge for businesses even for big ones. The way things are in the home country may not be the same to other countries. According to the world’s largest restaurant chain, McDonald’s has a good reputation for being sensitive to local issues. One of principles is healthy issue, McDonald’s has added salads and other lighter options into their menu. Another issue, the company is also seeking ways to be more environmentally conscious by using less plastic packaging and recycling more. Amidst the criticisms, McDonald’s still continues as one of the most successful fast food chain in the world McDonald’s or any well-known company became a favorite target of groups expressing anti-globalization and they can’t escape these skepticisms. McDonald’s has a lot of criticisms include ecological damage, production of packaging waste. People may see McDonald’s as not much caring for the environment. Another issue is the notion of fast food chains that offer unhealthy food choices especially for children. A lot of protestors see the coming of McDonald’s to lay-off jobs such as small-time farmers and peasants. They also see McDonald’s would make small food restaurants go bankrupt.