...Domestic Violence Against Women This essay aims to discuss vulnerability as a concept in relation to domestic violence against women. The author will identify the purpose of the chosen service (Women’s Aids Federation) and how it supports in meeting the health needs of women experiencing domestic violence. It will also demonstrate how the service relates to relevant health and social care policy and critically examine the influence of rights, policy, and the law on service delivery. Furthermore, the author will scrutinise the appropriateness, accessibility and effectiveness of the service in meeting the needs of women living with domestic violence. Finally, it will critically evaluate the contribution of nurses to the services. Vulnerability and domestic violence against women. Domestic violence is a global phenomenon, which is increasable being recognised not only as an issue of human rights but also as a serious public concern because of its short-term and long-term health consequences for women who have experienced it, and the serious impact on children who witness it (WHO, 2005). A vulnerable adult has been defined as ‘anyone who is above 18 years of age and who is or may be in need of community care services by reason of mental or other disability, age or illness; and is or may be able unable to take care of him or herself or unable to protect him or herself against significant harm or exploitation’ (DoH and Home Office, 2000). Vulnerability refers to an individual’s...
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...Violence is defined as any action of structural arrangement that results in a physical or non physical harm to one or more persons, place or thing. The context of violence is shaped by several factors which include the victim, the offender, the specific nature of the violence, the location of the violence and the rationale for the violence. Depending on the situation, we can either associate ourselves with the victim or the perpetrator. If we closely identify ourselves with the victim, then we condemn the violence and sympathize with the victim if they are similar to us. However if we identify with the perpetrator, then we condone the violence, no matter what the situation may be. There are five classifications of violence which are expressive, instrumental, interpersonal, institutional and structural. An instrumental act of violence is where there is a means to an end and for example an assault during an armed robbery is an instrumental form of violence. An expressive form of violence is where the motivations for violence is the effect of an emotional state which includes anger and or jealousy. Interpersonal violence consists of rapes, robberies, assaults; structural violence occurs when someone or a group of people form structural arrangements that target a specific group which may range from the color of the skin, to sexual orientation, to religious practices. Lastly institutional violence is reflected around an organizational setting and an example would be within the family...
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...Preventing Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) • Prevention is a process that promotes safe, healthy environments and behaviors that reduce the likelihood or frequency of an accident, injury, or condition occurring. • As evidenced by other health-related conditions, primary prevention (taking action before a problem arises) can successfully reduce or eliminate intimate partner violence. • Health care professionals are in a ideal position to use their influence and credibility to help prevent IPV o They can advocate for change in clinical practice, as well as for policies and procedures. o Because health care providers see IPV firsthand, they are particularly effective when speaking about the issue to legislators, the media, and to the public. (Cohen, et al., 2006, p. 89) Primary Prevention • Effective primary preventions will reduce the emotional, physical, and psychological trauma experienced as a result of IPV (Cohen, et al., 2005, p. 92). • Even when partners and spouses have been brought up in violent home with abusive families, they can learn to rechannel and control their emotions and behaviors and use appropriate coping strategies. • Opportunities for families and individuals to improve relationships with their partner or spouse usually begin with learning appropriate problem-solving skills. • Assertiveness skills for women provide a foundation for empowerment. • Parenting influences children in their coping strategies, decision making, and sense of self-confidence...
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...attitudes of the community towards violence against women, this study introduce: * the origin of domestic violence, * the definition of domestic violence against women, * how it affects the society, * forms of domestic violence , * the cause of domestic violence * A Review of Literature is to emphasize on the importance of the attitudes of the community towards the topic, the determinant, the suggested improvements and the limitations. This study will also conclude what is to be done to improve the attitudes of the community. Personal experiences and perspective The concern of this topic has sparked my interests as a Marketing student due to the recent reports of inhuman violent acts against women in India that has raised commotion all over the country, however this report is not pin-pointing at any countries, but as a general subject. You need also to link your topic and your personal experience to the theoretical perspectives (epistemologies and paradigms) that were discussed in class. Domestic Violence against Women The status of women has been seen as unequal to the status of men in terms of authority, opportunity as well as independence. Although the society has reached a tremendous change from degradation (1990s) to a position of equality (2000s), Violence against women which is defined as “an act of gender-based violence that results in, physical, sexual or psychological harm, or suffering to women including threats of such acts, coercion...
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...on Domestic, Dating and Sexual Violence Domestic, dating and sexual violence are costly and pervasive problems in this country, causing victims, as well as witnesses and bystanders, in every community to suffer incalculable pain and loss. In addition to the lives taken and injuries suffered, partner violence shatters the sense of well-being that allows people to thrive. It also can cause health problems that last a lifetime, and diminish children’s prospects in school and in life. The United States has made progress in the last few decades in addressing this violence, resulting in welcome declines1 – but there is more work to do to implement the strategies that hold the most promise. These include teaching the next generation that violence is wrong, training more health care providers to assess patients for abuse, implementing workplace prevention and victim support programs, and making services available to all victims including immigrants and children who witness violence. Prevalence of Violence in the United States On average more than three women a day are murdered by their husbands or boyfriends in the United States. In 2005, 1,181 women were murdered by an intimate partner.2 In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published data collected in 2005 that finds that women experience two million injuries from intimate partner violence each year.3 Nearly one in four women in the United States reports experiencing violence by a current or former spouse or...
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...stuy 1. Statistically, how many women experience domestic violence in their lifetime? * One in every four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime 2. Be prepared to identify common myths about family violence (see chap. 1 in the text) Family violence is uncommon - Many statistics on family violence are underestimates less reported than other violence WHY? Some victims may not perceive it as abuse Much media reporting on family violence is on sensational cases Studies have shown that lower-class families experience more violence HOWEVER: Poor people may be more likely than those who are better off to turn to police or social service agencies WHY? How might these impact estimates of FV by social class? It does not mean that ONLY poor families are violent or that ALL/MOST poor families are Are Abused children usually abusive as adults? * No * On average, abused children are more likely to be abusers as adults * But majority of abused children DO NOT grow up to be abusive adults * Childhood history is neither a necessary nor sufficient cause of family violence Alcohol is involved in 1 in 4 cases of wife beating * Binge drinkers three times more likely to hit wives * HOWEVER: * Majority of men who drink do not hit their wives * As many numbers of men who are sober abuse wives as those who drink/use drugs Some women “ask for it This is a form of ‘VICTIM BLAMING’ * ‘If she didn’t like...
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...Abstract This paper describes the definition of violence against women and how it affects society. It also discusses common forms of individual violence against women in the world such as sexual assault, intimate partner abuse (also known as domestic violence), murder, and other legal and cultural customs which physically harm women. This paper also describes societal violence against women, structural forms of discrimination or depravation that affect women as a class. Introduction This paper reviews individual and societal forms of violence against women that occur in the United States and throughout the world. Its purpose is to assist readers in recognizing and managing these phenomena and to encourage them to advocate locally and nationally for solutions to violence issues facing women worldwide. Violence against women is a technical term used to refer to violent acts which are primarily committed against women. Similar to a hate crime, this type of violence targets a specific group with the victim's gender as a primary motive. It includes physical, emotional, economic, financial, sexual, and spiritual abuse due to their gender. The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1993, defines violence against women as “any act of gender based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or...
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...Review Article Violence against Women in Pakistan: A Framework for Analysis Parveen Azam Ali1, Maria Irma Bustamante Gavino2 University of Sheffield1, United Kingdom, Aga Khan University School of Nursing2, Karachi, Pakistan Abstract Understanding violence against women is as complex as its process. As a perusal of literature shows that most of the explanations were contextually and culturally based, this review attempts to analyze the issue of violence against women using theories applicable within the Pakistani context. Literature examining the issue of violence against women and its various theories was reviewed. A framework using the determinants of violence against women as proposed, include intrinsic and extrinsic factors within the people, the socio-economic- political and cultural system of Pakistan and the influences of surrounding countries. The Pakistani scenario has been described and the theoretical bases were presented. Each determinant has been discussed with supporting literature. Further studies are needed to strengthen the framework; however, it provided a modest view of violence against women in Pakistan. The framework would help the policy and decision makers to understand the dynamics of violence against women and may move them to action to bring about improvements in women's' lives. Introduction Understanding violence against women is a complex issue. Several explanations coming from various theories have been offered to understand...
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...Stephanie Zackery Dr. Dreyer ENGL 1213 9 December 2014 Domestic Violence and Native American Women One in five, or nearly twenty-two million women, have been raped at some point in their lifetimes (The White House Council of Women and Girls 1). This alone is a surprisingly large statistics; however it does not seem quite as large when compared to the percentage of Native American women who experience rape. One in three Native American women experience rape in their lifetimes ("UNITED STATES: Crimes Against Native Women More Frequent, Less Often Prosecuted.") Rape is defined as forced intercourse, which can include vaginal, anal, or oral penetration. Rape is a purposed, measure form of control that ignores the feelings, fears, wishes, and sexual...
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...Violence Against Women Act: Essential and Expired Kamille Hall Hamline University February 2013 GPA 8000: Foundations of Public Administration Violence Against Women Act: Essential and Expired The following is a composite story of what happens to a woman somewhere each day in the United States to women and shows why the Violence Against Women Act must be renewed in 2013. A 30-year-old woman screams in her apartment. She knew he was coming home. Her husband has been on a drinking binge for days. When she receives an angry text message from him, she places the children in another room: they fear for their lives. They have seen this behavior all too often. The kids cower in the closet, a place that gives them some sort of refuge during the storm. In this case the storm is their dad’s misdirected anger toward their mom. They fear for themselves, but not as much as for their mother, their sole support in this chaos. They hear their father come home, yelling for several minutes. The mother tries to calm him down and pleads: “Please don’t hurt me, I’ll give you whatever you want…” Then they hear piercing screams. The front door slams. The children, ages 8 and 6, come rushing out of the closet, only to see their mother lying in a pool of blood – stabbed multiple times. Their father murdered her (what is known as femicide). The Violence Against Women Act works to reduce and prevent domestic violence. Every six minutes in the United States a woman is raped, and most often it is not...
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...The History of Domestic Violence Antoinette Perkins SOC 490 Dr. Stephen Ulrich November 11, 2012 Although, there are many social science problem or topics issues that take place on a regular basis throughout the world in our everyday society, I have chosen to discuss factors impacting domestic violence where women are mainly the victims. Even though there are many social problems in the world that we deal with, domestic violence should be taken more seriously especially with the consequences that could follow it. Although there are many different types of domestic violence that women suffer from, women should always take certain precautions and necessary action for a healthy and safe environment for themselves. With protecting themselves by receiving the proper help and it will help them to love themselves, feel safe, and help them to make better choices concerning their lives. There are a number of incidents that takes place each year on a daily basis referring to domestic violence including; women who are in college, different ethnics, different sizes, and so much more, which really means there is no particular woman that is chosen to become a victim. With domestic violence it is never a good situation for anyone to be in because of the outcome can be very serious and deadly for the victim. Even though there are many social problems in the world that we deal with, domestic violence should be taken more seriously especially...
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...INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AMONG WOMEN LIVING IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF MANZESE, IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA. Merina Vincent Shaidi MPH (Master of Public Health) Dissertation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences November 2012 INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AMONG WOMEN LIVING IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF MANZESE IN DAR-ES-SALAAM, TANZANIA. By Merina Vincent Shaidi A Dissertation Submitted in (Partial) Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Public Health of Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences November, 2012 CERTIFICATION The undersigned certify that he has read and hereby recommend for acceptance by the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences a thesis/ dissertation entitled Intimate partner violence among women living in informal settlements: A case study of Manzese in Dar es salaam, Tanzania, in (partial) fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of public health of Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. ………………………………. Dr. Mangi J.Ezekiel (Supervisor) Date……………………… DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT I, Merina Vincent Shaidi, declare that this dissertation/thesis is my original work and that it has not been presented and will...
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...Domestic Violence Domestic Violence Domestic violence can affect anyone. Domestic violence is a pattern of behavior used to establish power and control over another through emotional attack, fear, and intimidation. Domestic violence or battering, often, includes the threat or use of violence; this violence is a crime. Battering occurs when one person believes he/she is entitled to control another. Domestic violence affects people in all social, economic, racial, religious, and ethnic groups; whether the couple is married, divorced, living together, or still dating. Another reality is that abusers and their victims can be gay, strait, young, or old. Violence develops from verbal, physical, emotional, financial, and sexual abuse. Most domestic violence victims are women by men, but that doesn’t suggest that others cannot be battered or are perpetrators of abuse -- such as women on men, or same sex abuse. Battering or domestic violence, is now mutual and it is not a ‘couple’s quarrel’. Disagreements arise occasionally in all relationships, but battering involves every aspect of a relationship. While physical violence is the “enforcer” or the criminal act, other behaviors erode the partner or victim’s sense of self, self-determination, and free will; this is ultimately lethal for many women. Often batterers possess a low self-esteem and gain a sense of power by means of humiliating and controlling their partner. Control techniques can include verbal insults intended to bring...
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...RESEARCH TOPICS: Law + Statistics + Services + Reform RESEARCH TOPICS: Law + Statistics + Services + Reform 08 Fall 08 Fall RESEARCH – EMILY RUSSELL 1. DEFINITION OF MARRIAGE - MARRIAGE ACT 1961 (Cth) (s 5); Hyde v Hyde; s 43(a) FLA) * 4 ELEMENTS: Marriage means the union of a man and a woman to the exclusion of all others voluntarily entered into for life * Men and women… without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion have a right to marry and found a family…entitled to equal rights…(Article 16; UDoHR) 2. RESTRICTIONS AS TO MARRIAGE * S 88E – Cannot marry overseas (same sex) and return and legally register marriage (Marriage Act) 3. ELEMENTS OF MARRIAGE * Dwelling under the same roof, sex, mutual society and protection, recognition of marriage in public and private relationships (Todd and Todd) 1. ONE and ONE woman – monogamous mature (serial polygamy is permitted – remarriage after a former marriage has been dissolved) i. S 6 FLA – Polygamous relationships entered outside of Australia, shall be deemed to be a marriage when changing domicile to Australia 2. HETEROSEXUAL (Corbett v Corbett) 3. FOR LIFE 4. VOLUNTARILY ENTERED INTO 4. LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF MARRIAGE * Entitled to certain rights and owe legal responsibilities a) DETERMINE “TRUE SEX” i) CORBETT AND CORBETT a. Chromosomal:...
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...equality to women. United States of America should ratify the ERA. How violence against women and risk factors that causes it. Finally, how women get treated in the workplace. Alice Paul in 1923 proposed the ERA. ERA stands for Equal Rights Amendment. Section 1 states:“Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States on the account of sex”(ERA). About 97% of Americans think that the Amendment had passed.“ During the 1970s, the ERA was passed by Congress and sent to the states for ratification, but ultimately fell three states short of becoming part of the Constitution”(Napikoski). This means that the ERA has passed, but the three states who did not want the ERA did not ratify it....
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