...human’s species. And lastly Archaeology anthologists studies humans by fossil remains. While even though all four sub fields study the human with different approaches they all still use a scientific method in their researches to study human kind. I’m a primate. You’re a primate everyone reading this is a primate. We hear humans are primates, but what does that mean that humans are ancestors to apes? No not exactly it just means that we share similar traits with primates such as apes and chimpanzees. According to the Smithsonian magazine “humans share more DNA with lemurs, monkeys, and apes than they do with any other mammals.” Carl Linnaeus was the first to classify humans with monkeys and apes in his 18th century taxonomic system. So now that we know that we similar apes what traits do we really share. Well first vision humans an apes can both see color. The ability to stand upright while humans always walk on 2 legs so can apes. Both humans an apes share the same diet we are both omnivorous meaning we eat both plants and meat. Communication and language is another trait that we share and also sociability both humans an apes love to spend a great deal of time socializing. While we share a few common things with apes human primates have a few...
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...communicate. Human language requires one to learn since it is because it is so complex. Language is in several ways is the quintessential expression of culture. It is learned, transmitted and at the same time shared. Human language contain the trait of being discrete and open. They relay totally new ideas and new things. In contrast other primates communicate their present intentions and emotional mod. All humans have the capacity for language. The brains of children are wired so that they start learning to speak any language. Both human beings and animals use systems of communication, what is unique in human beings is the use of open vocal systems and complex symbols. Communication in human beings and animals entails use of signals are gestures that possess meaning to those using it. For instance, human communication has symbols and signals. Symbols have specific meaning to various groups of individuals. Many primates spend their time mostly communicating to each other. They do so with sounds, smells visual messages, and even touching. Non-human primates mainly use body language .Human communication basically entails use of oral sounds. Our sound or what we speak is far much different from the hoots,...
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...Deon Smalls Professor Rigby Anthropology 115 August 12, 2015 Primate Project Throughout the history of primate evolution, primatologist observed that primates was always use to an arboreal adaptation. Which is a physical trait that enables them to live life in trees, but later in evolution some primates adapted to life on ground. Over times of prosimians to human, several characteristics has been embodied due to the adaptations to new environments and resulted in evolutionary changes. From the beginning of time earth has encountered several geological and climatic changes over time. All the current primates that have existed at that time had to adjust itself especially in body configurations and locomotion in order to better survive. It is important to be aware of this information since we are the part of occurring changes as well. Throughout the evolution owing to the transforming environments interacting with natural selection, primates developed their own ways to move better meaning changes in locomotion with different types of bodies (meaning changes in body configuration). Grade I – Lemuroids Lemuroids, including true lemurs, lorises and galagos are the most primitive ones among the living primates. As they are the first grade of primates, they evolved in about 65 million years ago, in Paleocene epoch. Lemurs and lorises are the most primitive because they are more close to ancestral traits such as their reliance on olfaction, which enhances the sense of smell. Having...
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...CURRICULUM VITAE Graeme Anthony CROOK June 2013 PERSONAL DETAILS NAME CROOK Graeme Anthony PRIVATE 12 Wood Cres, One Tree Hill ADDRESS South Australia, 5114 TELEPHONE Home (08) 8280 7670 Mobile 0417 805 422 EMAIL gcrook@internode.on.net DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1955 BIRTH PLACE Hampton Court, Middlesex, England Australian Resident since August 1964 MARITAL STATUS Married with two children, aged 24 & 18 EMPLOYMENT RECORD * July 2011 – present Research Manager – CRC for High Integrity Australian Pork (Pork CRC) * Manage a Portfolio of Research Projects in the Pig Industry to be valued at $138m over the eight year period - 2011-2019 * Manage the transition of 25 projects from previous CRC (2005-2011) * Develop and implement a Project evaluation process * Manage the Project evaluation and approval process for the four Research programs * Conduct an annual strategic review and Economic Impact assessment of portfolio * Develop, implement and manage a Web-based Research Project Portfolio Management system * Manage a project involving research infrastructure with eight organisations nationally * Manage a national benchmarking project * Develop and manage the Corporate website – www.porkcrc.com.au December 2007 – June 2011 ...
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...human biology within the framework of evolution. There are four subfields of Biological Anthropology; genetics, human variation, paleoanthropology, and primatology. Primatology is the study of non-human primates and I find it the most interesting of the four subfields. The study of Primatology focuses on the biological and psychological aspects of non-human primates. Also it looks at the similarities shared between humans and primates. Primatologists focus on studying and conducting research on primates in three main ways; field study, laboratory study, and through captivity. In captivity, they try to replicate natural primate habitat in a controlled captive setting. This is one of the most effective ways to study primates because scientists are able to watch how primates would normally act in the wild but they have continual access to them and the also the ability to control their environment. Lastly the social and cultural aspects of primates are studied heavily. For example the individual self versus social self of primates are compared heavily to humans to try and give greater insight on human nature. There are four main groups of types of primates; Prosimians, New World Monkeys, Old World Monkeys, and Apes. Prosimians are considered the most primitive of all primates and are found in Madagascar. They are made up of Lemurs, Lorises, Galagos, and Tarsiers. The reason that they are considered the most primitive is because of their heavy reliance on sense of smell, many are...
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...Broad Topic: Research of chimpanzee’s culture and behavior and how they relate to humans. Topic 1. Primates to understand man. History of primatology. Comparative primatology. Primates in biomedical, growth and development studies. Analog and counterpart to interpret human behavior. Topic 2. Lifestyles Distribution and habitats of primates. Adaptations of human and non human primates to the environment. Diet and nutritional requirements. Size, body, digestive system, teething, locomotion and posture. Growth and Development. Topic 3. Cognitive abilities in primates Evolution of the sensory systems and the brain in primates. Cognition, communication and cultural behavior in primates. Non-verbal communication in primates and humans. Thesis...
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...Interestingly, there is a group of living plants - the whisk ferns - which resembles Rhynia. Psilotum nudum which grows in moist, shady habitats in the Caribbean is such a plant. At one time, Psilotum was thought to be a surviving relative of Rhynia. It is, however, more generally thought to be a Fern Ally, related to the Ferns, with loss of features such as leaves and roots. Event 13 “IN SEARCH OF THE LOST CHORDATE” FINDING THE ANCESTOR OF VERTEBRATES (AND OURSELVES) 530 million years ago The Cambrian explosion created all the major phyla of animals that we have today. This includes the phyla Chordata (chordates). Primitive forms are creatures with evidence of a notochord, a structural rod of cartilage and neural tissue running down the long axis of the body. This notochord was the early precursor to the spine in vertebrates (animals with a true backbone, like fish), and modern examples of simple chordates include sea squirts and lancelets. Two Cambrian fossil localities are of key importance here: Chengjiang in Yunnan Province, southern China, and the Burgess Shales in the British Columbia Rockies of Canada. Both of these localities have produced fossils classified as chordates. The Chinese forms include the forms Myllokunmingia and Haikouichthys (it has even been suggested these could be primitive vertebrate jawless fish). The Canadian form (somewhat later in the Cambrian period) is Pikaia, which especially resembles the modern lancelet. Event 15 “GET OUT OF THE...
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...human biology within the framework of evolution. There are four subfields of Biological Anthropology; genetics, human variation, paleoanthropology, and primatology. Primatology is the study of non-human primates and I find it the most interesting of the four subfields. The study of Primatology focuses on the biological and psychological aspects of non-human primates. Also it looks at the similarities shared between humans and primates. Primatologists focus on studying and conducting research on primates in three main ways; field study, laboratory study, and through captivity. In captivity, they try to replicate natural primate habitat in a controlled captive setting. This is one of the most effective ways to study primates because scientists are able to watch how primates would normally act in the wild but they have continual access to them and the also the ability to control their environment. Lastly the social and cultural aspects of primates are studied heavily. For example the individual self versus social self of primates are compared heavily to humans to try and give greater insight on human nature. There are four main groups of types of primates; Prosimians, New World Monkeys, Old World Monkeys, and Apes. Prosimians are considered the most primitive of all primates and are found in Madagascar. They are made up of Lemurs, Lorises, Galagos, and Tarsiers. The reason that they are considered the most primitive is because of their heavy reliance on sense of smell, many are...
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...Midterm Exam Assessment Essay: “Chimpanzees are Human’s Closest Living Non-human Primate Relatives” Table of Contents Answer to letter A……………………………………………………………………..Pages 2 to 4 Answer to letter B………………………………………………………………………Pages 4 to 7 Answer to letter C………………………………………………………………………Pages 7 to 8 References…………………………………………………………………………………Page 9 For many years, scientists have supported through DNA and behavioral observation that chimpanzees are human’s closest relatives. Also, the advance in technology has enable scientists to find similarities and differences between humans and chimpanzees. DNA has revealed that Homo sapiens and chimpanzees are 98.5 to 99 percent identical. If an individual observes a chimpanzee, he or she will be surprised with the emotional, behavioral, and physical similarities one shares with the chimpanzees. A) The evidence that supports the statement that chimpanzees are Human’s closest living non-human Primate Relatives are DNA and the chimpanzee’s cultural behavior. DNA studies have shown that Homo sapiens and chimpanzees share 99 percent of identical DNA. In the article, “What Makes Us Human?” Katherine S. Pollard focuses on the 1 percent of DNA that makes humans and chimpanzees different. However, the findings revealed a closer relationship between humans and chimpanzees, and explanations of how genes have mutated throughout time. Pollard reports that the human accelerated region 1 (HAR1) “might be part of a gene new to science that is...
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...Ka 'apor Capuchin Cebus kaapori Taxonomy: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Suborder: Haplorrhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Platyrrhini Family: Cebidae Subfamily: Cebinae Genus: Cebus Species: C. kaapori Other names: Untufted Capuchin. For a long time the taxonomy of the Ka'apor Capuchin monkey was (and sometimes still is) strongly argued (Alfaro, Silva & Rylands, 2012). When it was first discovered by Ferrari and Queiroz in 1992 some believed that Cebus kaapori should be classed as a sub species of Cebus olivaceous. However nowadays it is considered by many to be its own individual species. It is also the only species of capuchin with no sub species (Boubli, Rylands, Farias, Alfaro & Alfaro, 2012).The Ka’apor capuchin is a member of the Cebidae family, one of five families that fall under the Platyrrhini Parvorder, classing this species as one of the New World Monkeys. Morphology: Compared to most other primate species, the Ka’apor capuchin is relatively small, growing no larger than roughly 60cm in height and 45cm in length. The species has relatively long limbs compared to its trunk size allowing efficient quadrupedal movement through the tree canopy which is a large benefit due to the species being predominately arboreal, they have also been noted to be bipedal however this is quite a rare occurrence. They possess a semi-prehensile tail that is mainly used during feeding unlike the other New World Monkeys...
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...Meaning & Nature of Language Introduction Language is the heart of our world. We create our concept of the world by thinking and naming things. Using words helps us communicate effectively in different situations. Without language, we would not be able to communicate at all. Verbal communication is one of life's naturally occurring communication systems. Communication is essential for human beings. Language is the primary way in which adults pass ways of thinking and conversing on to their children. Language is an accumulation of knowledge because we learned everything by somebody through language. Society would have to recreate itself every generation if it could not pass its knowledge on through language. Language is one of the most powerful tools in human communication. Words are meant to establish and maintain friendly contact. Through words, people shape their identities. People can express their feelings, attitudes, and experiences to each other through words. By speaking, information can be give to others about oneself and the world around him/her. In Christine Leong's essay Being A Chink, she describes the power of language. She said, "It gives us identity, personality, social status, and it also creates communities, defining both insiders and outsiders. Language has the ability to heal or to harm, to praise or belittle, to promote peace or even to glorify hate." I believe this is what language is all about. Language has two purposes. Depending...
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...Dania Pulido Mary Kennedy Human Origins Anthropology 102 September, 24 2015 Why are you a Primate? Humans are Primates. We share more DNA with monkeys than other mammals. Primates have excellent visions. I have forward-facing eyes that sit close together. By it being shaped this way it allows me judge the distance of objects their size and height and to see things in three dimension. This lets me see how far a soccer ball it is its hight and size and at what pace the soccer ball is coming at me. My eyes are both able to look at things from different angles but bring together one image. Depth perception is important because it keeps me from bumping into things and being able to tell at what pace things are coming at. A major thing that helps me do everything in my every day life is being dexterous because having a power grip and being bipedalism helps in being able to hold things and to use them as tool for example being able to write is given to the power grip. Bipedalism gives me the availability to stand up right and walk on two feet being able to play sports is one example. Another one would be my teeth it allows me to eat food by using my canines that are much smaller than other mammals this allows be to be able to chew my food better and I am able to eat a variety of food not just one specific category. Every primate mammal has a parental investment it is not all the same but with me my parents growing up teach me from right and wrong I grow up doing what they...
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...Jeffrey Domond Biology 112 Human Origins Around six or seven million years ago in Africa, our first members of our human family the Hominidae was created in Africa. During through the six or seven million years ago, they spent much of their time in trees, like there close relatives the primates. Once the early hominids went on ground they stood and walk on two feet. That separated them and the primates. Homo sapiens evolved in Africa more than 150,000 years ago. To understand the history on how did human evolved and how they adapt to their setting. Scientist relies on evidence including fossils, artifacts, and DNA analysis. By understanding these clues and exploring the data it is clear how much we are evolved from one period to the next. In the exbiht Human Origins at the Natural History Museum fossils and DNA gave clues about the earliest members of the human family. Humans were thought to be most related to chimpanzees and bonobos. But the DNA of humans and chimpanzees is 98% the same and 2% different. Many scientists believed the 2% occurred when hominids evolved from living in trees to adapted living on the ground. DNA is considered the identifying mark of a living system such as the human evolution tree. The DNA code is complex in its basic structure. DNA is a double helix structure molecule. It’s like a long ladder and twisted into a spiral structure. DNA molecules are sugar and phosphate forms the sides of the ladder. DNA has four bases: adenine, thymine, guanine...
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...Madagascar Rainforest Madagascar, located approximately 400 kilometers east of Africa is the world's fourth largest island. Because of its isolation it is occupied by some of the most unusual and rare species of plants and animals on earth. Madagascar was at one time formerly an independent kingdom; became a French colony in 1896 and regained independence in 1960. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held ending 17 years of single-party rule(Science 1990). The main historical problem with international trade has been the correlated destruction of the environment. This is especially true when it comes to the issue of deforestation. In Madagascar, (Economic Geography, 1993) people have been cutting down the forests for decades. Throughout the past century, much of the rainforests of Madagascar have disappeared. People have begun moving out of the cities, industries have started to expand, and the use of land for farming (particularly coffee) has dramatically increased. All of these phenomenons have led to the destruction of the forest of Madagascar. Many plants and animal species have been severely endangered due to the deforestation (New Scientist 1990). With a current population near 14 million and growing at roughly 3% yearly combined with a per capita income of $230 per year, the major threats to the remaining forest are driven by subsistence needs and cutting for fuel. This has become a major issue, not only because of the value...
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...“A man will sometimes beat his wife if he becomes jealous or suspects her of infidelity, but when this happens, onlookers run to tell her female kin.” Pg. 81 | I’ve been in a situation like this before, my best-friend saved because my kin didn’t want to get in the middle of it as they would say. | “In some societies a woman’s kin, including her father and brothers, consistently support her against an abusive husband, while in others they rarely help her.” Why? Pg. 81 | A father and a brother should always be there to help a woman is abusive situations. I understand some don’t want to get involved but it’s your family we’re talking about. Most fathers and brothers I know are very protective of women in their family. | “Like nonhuman primate females, many women form bonds with unrelated males who may protect them from other males.” Pg. 81 | Me personally I have plenty of male friends that I know will protect me from an abusive male. They treat me as if I’m their blood sister...
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