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Systems Design, Implementation and Operatio

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Submitted By hassan2b
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CHAPTER 20

SYSTEMS DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION

In chapter 18 we focused on the first phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle – Systems Analysis. Chapter 20 deals with the remaining four phases:

- conceptual systems design - physical systems design - systems implementation and conversion - operation and maintenance

CONCEPTUAL SYSTEMS DESIGN

In the conceptual systems design phase, the developer creates a general framework for implementing user requirements and solving problems identified in the analysis phase.

As shown in Figure 20-1 on page 747 HC (page 637 SC), there are three main steps in conceptual design:

1. evaluating design alternatives, 2. preparing design specifications, and 3. preparing the conceptual systems design report.

[pic]

Evaluate Design Alternatives

There are many ways to design an AIS, so accountants and others involved in systems design must continually make design decisions.

[pic]

The design team should identify a variety of design alternatives and evaluate each with respect to the following standards:

1) how well it meets organizational and system objectives, 2) how well it meets user needs, 3) whether it is economically feasible, and 4) what its advantages and disadvantages are.

The steering committee evaluates the alternatives.

Table 20-1 on page 748 HC (page 638 SC) presents examples of conceptual and physical design considerations and their corresponding design alternatives. Answers to these questions significantly designs the system in selecting from the alternatives.

Prepare Design Specifications

Once a design alternative has been selected, the project team develops the conceptual design specifications for the following elements:

1. Output. Because the system is designed to meet users’ information needs, output specifications must be

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