Free Essay

Tesco

In:

Submitted By yugi
Words 5180
Pages 21
翻译资格考试常考高频词汇
One Country, Two Systems 一国两制
One China, One Taiwan 一中一台
Two Chinas 两个中国
Three Direct Links (Mail, Air and Shipping Services and Trade) (两岸)直接三通
23 Million Taiwan Compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞
Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会(人大,政协)
Three Represents 三个代表 the Important Thought of Three Represents 三个代表重要思想
Woman Pace-Setter 三八红旗手 the Three Major Historical Tasks三大历史任务 the Seven-Year Program to Help 80 Million People Out of Poverty "八七"扶贫攻坚计划 the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010) "十一五"计划 the 15th central committee of the communist party of China (CPC) 第十五届中央委员会
17th Party Congress 十七大 the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee 十一届三中全会
South-South Cooperation 南南合作
North-South Dialog 南北对话
Taiwan Independence 台独
"Bring In" and "Going Out" "引进来"和"走出去"政策 patriotic democratic personages爱国民主人士 patriotic united front 爱国统一战线 patriotism 爱国主义精神 live and work in peace and contentment 安居乐业 an enterprising spirit 昂扬向上的精神状态 our compatriots in the Macao SAR (Special Administrative Region) 澳门特别行政区同胞 hegemonism 霸权主义 a hundred flowers blossom 百花齐放 a hundred schools of thought contend 百家争鸣 the stability in border areas 边疆稳定 remote areas 边远地区 a magnificent upsurge 波澜壮阔 extensive and profound 博大精深 never degenerating 不变质 constantly better people's lives 不断提高人民生活水平 unfair and irrational 不公正不合理 shackles of the outdated notions 不合时宜的观念的束缚 an inexhaustible motive force 不竭动力 invincible 不可战胜 an irresistible trend of history 不可阻挡的历史潮流 not lose our bearings不迷失方向 uneven 不平衡 a tortuous course 不平坦的道路 not all-inclusive 不全面的 take resolute measures 采取果断措施 participation in and deliberation of state affairs 参政议政 long-term coexistence 长期共存 long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结 long-term peace and order 长治久安 honesty 诚实守信 fully mobilize and rally充分调动和凝聚 take shape initially 初步建立 traditional threats to security 传统安全威胁 creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力 system of resignation 辞职制 proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发 promote common development 促进共同发展 promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步 assuming heavy responsibilities 担当重任 the contemporary era 当代 masters of the country当家作主 the wish to be the masters of our country 当家作主的愿望 congress of party representatives 党代会 backbone of the party 党的骨干力量 the party's basic theory, line and program 党的基本理论、路线和纲领 party building 党的建设 party's progressiveness 党的先进性 the destiny of the party and state 党和国家前途命运 the cause of the party and state 党和国家事业
Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论 the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping邓小平同志逝世 the sixth place 第六位 the primary productive force 第一生产力
E-government 电子政务 mobilize the initiative 调动积极性 equal political entities 对等的政治实体 erroneous and dogmatic interpretation of Marxism 对马克思主义的错误和教条式的理解 multi-tiered 多层次 multiparty cooperation 多党合作 diversify 多元化 pluralistic society多元社会 diverse forces 多种力量 duplicate law enforcement 多重多头执法 awareness of law 法制观念 a country with an adequate legal system 法制国家 a country under the rule of law 法治国家 prosperity, stability and development 繁荣、稳定和发展 fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对"台独" oppose separation 反对分裂 combat corruption and build a clean government 反腐倡廉 guard against 防止 non-traditional threats to security 非传统安全威胁 splitting activities 分裂活动 the objectives and tasks 奋斗目标和任务 develop diverse forms of democracy 丰富民主形式 trials and tribulations 风浪考验 serve the overall interests 服务大局 strong, prosperous, democratic and culturally advanced 富强、民主、文明 hinterland 腹地 reform, development and stability 改革、发展、稳定 reform and opening-up 改革开放 fall behind the times 落后于时代
Marxism-Leninism 马克思列宁主义 the basic tenets of Marxism 马克思主义基本原理 a Marxist ruling party 马克思主义执政党
Mao Zendong Thought 毛泽东思想 the militia 民兵
Democratic Progressive Party 民进党 people's livelihood 民生 democratic and the legal system 民主法制 democratic management 民主管理 prepared for both promotion and demotion 能上能下 to alleviate rural poverty through development 农村扶贫开发 reform of rural taxes and administrative charges 农村税费改革 problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers 农业、农村和农民问题 agriculture and rural work 农业和农村工作 agriculture as the foundation of the economy 农业基础地位 falsification 弄虚作假 personnel training 培养人才 people in financial difficulties 贫困群众 smooth transition of power平稳过渡 extravagance and waste 铺张浪费 general election system 普选制 less developed 欠发达地区 intensify functions 强化功能 win-win co-operation 强强联手 power politics 强权政治 overseas Chinese 侨胞 overseas Chinese affairs 侨务工作 industry and courage 勤劳勇敢 seek common ground while shelving differences 求同存异 regional organizations 区域性组织 tortuous road 曲折的道路 draw upon one another's strong points 取长补短 yield substantial results 取得丰硕成果 score tremendous achievements 取得巨大成就 repeal taxes on special agricultural products 取消农业特产税 all the party members; whole party 全党 the crystallization of the party's collective wisdom 全党集体智慧的结晶 all-dimensional 全方位 the Chinese people of all nationalities; people of all ethnic groups of the country 全国各族人民 deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表 the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 全国政协 plenary sessions 全会 build a well-off society in an all-round way; build a moderately prosperous society in all respects 全面建设小康社会 in full swing 全面展开 divorce between powers and responsibilities 权责脱节 the general public 群众
People's Congresses 人大 the standing committees 人大常委会
NPC (National People's Congress) member 人大代表 the spirit of the congress 人大精神 put sb. to the best use 人尽其才 a full display of advantages in human resources 人力资源优势得到充分发挥 material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要 the people's democratic dictatorship 人民民主专政 upgrade the texture of life for the people 人民生活更加殷实 mass organizations 人民团体 the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 人民政协 the trend of popular sentiment 人心向背 personnel exchanges 人员往来 treating each other with all sincerity 肝胆相照 the high degree of unity and solidarity 高度团结统一 a high degree of autonomy 高度自治 hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜 lofty character 高尚的品格 opera highlights 折子戏 stilt walk 踩高跷 pantomime; mime 哑剧 pantomimist 哑剧演员 skit 戏剧小品 circus show 马戏 monologue comic talk, standup comedy 单口相声 stunt 特技表演 witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk 相声 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 京韵大鼓 shaanxi opera 秦腔 sealcutting 篆刻 characters cut in intaglio 阴文 characters cut in relief 阳文 seal 图章 graver 刻刀 making rubbings from stone inscriptions 拓碑 rubbing 拓片 workmanship/craftsmanship 工艺,手艺 handicraft 手工艺品 wood carving 木雕 boxwood craft 黄杨木雕 carved lacquerware 雕漆 stone carving 石雕 miniature engraving 微雕 ivory carving 象牙雕 bamboo engraving 竹雕 shell carving 贝雕 ice sculpture 冰雕 painted sculpture 彩塑 enamel 瓷釉 embroidery 刺绣 scroll 卷轴 batik 蜡染 clay figure 泥人 lacquer painting 漆画 lacquer ware 漆器 celadon 青瓷色 two-sided embroidery 双面绣 landscape/ink painting 水墨画
Suzhou embroidery 苏绣 sandalwood fan 檀香扇 trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 唐三彩 pottery 陶器
Ceramics 制陶业 the four stationery treasures of the Chinese study—a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper 文房四宝 inkslab engraving 砚刻
Yixing pottery 宜兴陶 folding fan 折扇
Wickerwork 枝编工艺 tapestry 织锦,挂毯 papier mache 纸工艺品
Chinese painting 中国画 folklores 民间传说 fable 寓言 legend 传说 mythology 神话
God of Heaven 玉皇大帝 the Eight Immortals 八仙
Chang’e, the Chinese moon goddess 嫦娥
Fu Xi, God of Fishery and Husbandry 伏羲 god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of longevity 福禄寿三星 god of fortune 财神 god of the kitchen 灶神
Gonggong, God of Water 公神
Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns) 后羿
Yellow Emperor 黄帝
Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant ) 夸父
Nuwa: a goddess who patches up the sky 女娲
Pan Gu, creator of the universe 盘古
Patron of Agriculture 神农
Yu, the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty 禹
Zhurong, God of Fire 祝融 make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China 古为今用,洋为中用 inscribe a poem 赋诗 matching an antithetical couplet 对对联 solar calendar 阳历 gregorian calendar 公历 lunar calendar 阴历 heavenly stem 天干 earthly branch 地支 leap year 闰年 the twenty-four solar terms 二十四节气 zodiac 十二生肖 rat 鼠 ox 牛 tiger 虎 hare 兔 dragon 龙 snake 蛇 horse 马 sheep 羊 monkey 猴 rooster 鸡 dog 狗 pig 猪 year of monkey 猴年 one’s year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 本命年 traditional holidays 传统节日
Spring Festival 春节 pay a New Year visit 拜年 firecracker 鞭炮,爆竹
Eve of Chinese New Year 除夕
Spring couplets 春联 ring out the old year and ring in the new 辞旧迎新
Jiaozi, boiled dumpling 饺子 pot sticker 锅贴 temple fair 庙会 ring out the old year 鸣钟辞旧岁
(traditional) New Year pictures 年画 the Eve Feast; family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve 年夜饭 year-end household cleaning 年终大扫除 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 守岁 family reunion dinner 团圆饭
New Year gift-money; money given to children as a New Year gift 压岁钱 dragon dance 舞龙
Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month) 元宵节 sweet sticky rice dumplings 元宵 festival lantern 花灯 lantern riddle 灯谜 lion dance 狮子舞 stilt walking 踩高跷
Pure Brightness Festival/Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th) 清明节 sweep tomb sites of loved ones 扫墓 offer sacrifices to the ancestors 祭祖 go for an outing in spring 踏青 dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month) 端午节 dragon boat race 赛龙舟 zongzi (pyramid-shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) 粽子
Departed soul 亡灵 loyal minister 忠臣
Quyuan the poet 诗人屈原
Moon Festival/Mid- Autumn Day (15th of eighth lhunar month) 中秋节 mooncake 月饼 appreciate the glorious full moon 赏月 reunion 团圆 sweet osmanthus 桂花
Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day 重阳节 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 赏菊 climb mountain 登高
TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) 中药
First Emperor, Emperor Chin 秦始皇帝 empress dowager 皇太后 founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) 汉高祖刘邦
Genghis Khan; Temujin 成吉思汗 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies 才子佳人 cradle of civilization 文明摇篮
Xia Dynasty 夏朝
(of) Ming and Qing dynasties 明清两代
Chinese civilization 中华文明
Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan 四川
Shaanxi 陕西
Research Center for Ancient Civilizations 古文明研究中心
Chinese and overseas scholars 中外学者 archaeologists 考古学家 anthropologist 人类学家 historian 历史学家
Tao, ”the way”, the principle of workings of the universe 道 humaneness (also mean:humanity, benevolence, goodness, virtue) 仁 the Four Books 四书 the Great Learning 《大学》 the Doctrine of the Mean 《中庸》 the Analects of Confucius 《论语》 the Mencius 《孟子》 five major styles of calligraphy 书法五大书体 seal script/seal character篆书 official script/clerical script 隶书 running script/semi-cursive script 行书 cursive script 草书 regular script/standard script 楷书 traditional Chinese painting 中国画
Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting 水墨画 traditional Chinese realistic painting 工笔 six classical arts 六艺 rite 礼 music 乐 archery 射 riding 御 writing 书 arithmetic 数 the Art of War 孙子兵法
Chinese character 汉字 stroke (汉字)笔画 radical 偏旁部首 writing system 书写体系
Sino-Tibetan 汉藏语系
Sinologist/Sinologue 汉学家
Sinomania 中国热 of the same origin 同宗同源 the Chinese ancestors 华夏祖先 single syllable 单音节
Chinese language is “soberly logical” 汉语有“合理的逻辑性” the four tones of Chinese characters 汉语四声调 level tone 阴平 rising tone 阳平 falling-rising tone 上声 falling tone 去声 martial art 武术
Kung fu 中国武术 styles or schools of martial art 武术门派 practice martial art for fitness 习武健身 ancient form of combat 古代格斗术
Chinese Martial Art Association 中国武术协会 top martial artist 武林高手
Qigong; deep breathing exercises 气功 judo 柔道 karate 空手道 tae kwon do 跆拳道 boxing 拳击 wrestling 摔跤 fencing 击剑 walk the earth (with a sword) 仗剑走天涯 tales of roving knights; kung fu novels 武侠小说
Chinese literature 中国文学
Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West 《西游记》
Dream of the Red Mansions 《红楼梦》 the Classic of Mountains an Rivers 《山海经》
History as a Mirror; Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 《资治通鉴》 the Romance of West Chamber 《西厢记》
Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin 《水浒传》
Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio 《聊斋志异》
Fortress Besieged 《围城》 the True Story of Ah Q 《阿Q正传》 the Spring and Autumn Annals 《春秋》
Historical Records 《史记》 the Book of Songs; the Book of Odes 《诗经》 the Book of History 《书经》
I Ching; the Book of Changes 《易经》 the Book of Rites 《礼记》
Book of Filial Piety 《孝经》 three-character scripture; three-word chant 《三字经》 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing 八股文 five-character quatrain 五言绝句 seven-character octave 七言律诗
Chinese architecture 中国建筑
Quadrangle, the traditional Chinese single-story houses with rows of rooms around the four sides of a courtyard 四合院
(Mongolian) yurt 蒙古包 inscriptions on a tablet 碑刻,碑文,碑铭 the forest of steles, tablet forest 碑林
Taoist temple 道观 hall 殿 beacon tower 烽火台 drum tower 鼓楼 ornamental column 华表 corridor 回廊 altar 祭坛 rockery 假山 watchtower 角楼 corridor 廊 pailou, decorated archway 牌楼 bridge 桥 stone boat 石舫 grotto 石窟 pavilion on the water 水榭 pagoda; tower 塔 terrace 台 altar 坛 pavilion 亭阁 bell tower 钟楼 pillar, column, post 柱 emperor's mausoleum/tomb 陵墓 major cultural heritage 重要文化遗产 outstanding folk arts 优秀民间艺术 cultural relics 文物
Chinese knot 中国结
Cheongsam 旗袍 traditional Chinese garments (clothing), Tang suit 中山装 cloisonné 景泰蓝 royal court envoy 朝廷使者 men of letter 文人 refined scholar 雅士 culture industry 文化产业 cultural deposit 文化底蕴 cultural undertaking 文化事业 cross-cultural communication 文化交流 culture shock 文化冲突 national culture 民族文化 folk culture 民间文化 urban culture 城镇文化 rural culture 乡村文化 native culture 当地文化 performing art 表演艺术 popular art, pop art 现代流行艺术 high art 纯艺术 refined art 高雅艺术 cinematographic art 电影艺术 theatrical art 戏剧艺术 male (the positive male role) 生(男性正面角色) female (the positive female role) 旦(女性正面角色) a supporting male role with striking character 净(性格鲜明的男性配角) a clown or a negative role 丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色) painted role 花脸 monodrama; one-man show 独角戏 musical 歌舞喜剧 shtick 滑稽场面,搞笑小噱头 skit 滑稽短剧 amateur performer of Beijing Opera/Peking Opera fan 京剧票友
Peking Opera Mask 京剧人物脸谱 ventriloquism 口技 puppet show 木偶戏 voice over 旁白 shadow play; leather-silhouette show 皮影戏 story-telling 说书 make a human pyramid 叠罗汉 colors, primary 红、黄、蓝三原色 colors, secondary 合成色,间色 composition 构图 engraving 雕刻艺术,镌版术;亦指雕版印刷品,版画 etching 蚀刻版画,蚀刻术,铜版画 foreshortening effect [绘画]通过透视原理表现立体空间 fresco [绘画]在灰泥的墙壁上作的水彩画,壁画 highlight [绘画]高光 high relief 高浮雕 impasto [绘画]厚涂颜料的绘画法,厚涂的颜料 inlaying 镶嵌 landscape 风景画,山水画 lithography 石印(平版印刷)术;平版印刷品 modeling 建模,造型 monochrome 单色画(由一种颜色的不同色度制作出的图片,尤指图画) pastel 浅淡的色调,柔和而悦目的色彩 perspective [绘画]透视 primary colors 三原色 relief 浮雕(效果) sketching 写生,写生画 still life 静物 tempera 蛋彩画(用蛋清代油调和的鸡蛋水胶养料画法) texture 质地,纹理 tone 色调 trompe l’oeil 一种给人以摄影作品般真实感觉的绘画风格 aria 独唱曲;咏叹调 background music 背景音乐 band 乐队 baritone 男中音 bass 低音部;男低音;低音乐器 beat 节奏,鼓点 brass 铜管乐队;铜管乐器
Broadway musical 百老汇音乐剧 canon 卡农(一种乐曲形式,其中同样的旋律被一个或者多个声部重复,同一调或者相关调彼此在时间上重合) chord 和弦,和音 composer 作家,作曲家 concerto 协奏曲 conductor 管弦乐队、合唱队指挥 contemporary music 当代音乐 crescendo 声音渐增,渐强 decrescendo 渐弱 dissonance 不谐和音,不一致 duet 二重奏 finale (戏剧的)最后一场,结局;终曲;(电视剧)最后一集 flat [音]降半音 fox trot 狐步舞,狐步舞曲 fugue [音]赋格曲 genre 类型,流派 acid jazz 酸性爵士 alternative music 另类(非主流)音乐,如gay music (同性恋音乐) bluegrass 蓝草音乐—起源于美国南方的民间音乐,特色为音乐轻快和像爵士乐那样即兴演奏 blues 布鲁斯歌曲(蓝调音乐)
Celtic music 凯尔特音乐(尤指爱尔兰风格) classical music 古典乐 country music 乡村音乐 dance music 劲爆蹦迪音乐 easy listening music 轻音乐 electronic music 电子音乐 environmental music 环境音乐 experimental music 实验音乐 folk music 民族音乐 fusion music 融合音乐 heavy metal; hard rock 重金属摇滚 hip-hop music 嘻蹦乐,译嘻哈 house music 电子乐的一种
Indie-Rock music 独立音乐(属于另类音乐) jazz 爵士乐
Jazz Blues 爵士布鲁斯
Latin music 拉丁乐 musical 音乐剧
New Age music 新时代乐风
Punk; New wave 朋克;新浪潮
R&B 节奏布鲁斯
Rap music 说唱
Reggae music 雷鬼乐,一种风格独特的牙买加音乐
Retro music 怀旧音乐
Soft rock 慢摇滚 soul music (美国黑人)爵士灵歌,结合了福音唱诗以及节奏布鲁斯音乐的特点 soundtrack 电影配乐 swing music 摇摆乐
Techno music 强烈动感的电子音乐
Trance music 非常Hi的电子舞曲,迷幻电子乐 gospel music 福音音乐 harmony [音]和弦,和声,悦耳的声音组合 hymn 赞美诗,圣歌,唱赞美歌 improvisation 即席创作 lip synching 对口型,假唱 lyric 抒情诗,歌词 march [音]进行曲 melody 旋律 opera 歌剧 opus 作品 orchestra 管弦乐队 percussion 打击乐器,鼓点 polka 波尔卡舞曲 pop music 流行音乐,通俗音乐 quartet 四重奏;四重唱
Renaissance 文艺复兴,有文艺复兴时期的艺术风格的音乐 repertoire (准备好演出的)节目,保留剧目
Requiem Mass 安魂曲 rhumba (=rumba)伦巴舞蹈,伦巴乐曲 rhythm 节奏,韵律 rock 摇滚乐 salsa 萨尔萨舞曲,拉丁美洲一种流行舞曲 samba 桑巴舞(一种源自非洲的巴西舞) score 乐谱 solo 独唱曲,独唱 sonata [音]奏鸣曲 soprano 女高音 symphony 交响乐,交响曲 tango 探戈 tempo (音乐)速度、拍子;发展速度 tenor 男高音 theme [音]主题,主题曲,主旋律 theme and variations [音]主题与变奏 trio 三重唱 vocal range 音域 waltz 华尔兹舞;华尔兹舞曲 the four great inventions of ancient China 四大发明 gunpowder 火药 printing 印刷术 paper-making 造纸术 the compass 指南针
Ancient Chinese Philosophers 中国古代哲学家
Confucius 孔子
Mencius 孟子
Lao Tzu 老子
Chuang Tzu 庄子
Mo Tzu 墨子
Sun Tzu 孙子 bilateral diplomatic activities 双边外交 win-win situation 双赢局面 smooth transition of power 权利顺利平稳过渡 candid and in-depth 坦诚深入的 treaty 条约 halt 停滞不前 equal dignity 同等尊严 break-through 突破 unity 团结 external blockade 外部封锁 diplomacy 外交 diplomatic practice 外交惯例 diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权 diplomatic barometer 外交晴雨表 diplomatic envoy 外交使节 diplomatic truce 外交休兵 downright distrust 完全不信任 complete equality 完全平等 stubborn ills 顽疾 seek a common good 为大众谋利 maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong 维护香港的繁荣与稳定 justice-upholding 维护正义的 diplomatic practice 外交惯例 cultural exchange 文化交流 cultural ambassador 文化使节 cradle of civilization 文化摇篮 inexorable facts 无情的事实 disorder 无秩序状态 current state 现状 elaborate on 详细谈论 harmonize 协调 agreement 协定 alliance 结盟 protocol 协议 coordination 协作 hand-in hand 携手 a new world pattern 新的世界形态 neo-colonialism 新殖民主义 assert 宣称;维护 declaration 宣告,声明 the Asia-Pacific region 亚太地区 severe test 严峻的考验 message of condolences 唁电 consistent policy 一贯的政策 take history as guidance and look into the future 以史为鉴,面向未来 ideology 意识形态 never yielding 永不屈服 increase; strengthen; promote; expand; boost 增进 enhance mutual understanding 增进了解 strategic relationship 战略关系 strategic partnership of coordination 战略协作伙伴关系 normalization 正常化 correct foreign policy 正确的对外方针 an official visit 正式访问 transfer of government 政权交接 political dialogs 政治对话 political and moral support 政治和道义上的支持 medium and long term cooperation 中长期的合作 the Sino-Japanese Treaty for Peace and Friendship 中日和平友好条约 apartheid; racial segregation 种族隔离 racial tensions 种族矛盾 racial discrimination 种族歧视 approach (a problem) 着手处理 reevaluation 重新评估 sovereign states 主权国家 garrison 驻军 self-determination 自觉自主 self-reclusive 自我封闭 least-developed countries (LDCs) 最不发达国家 the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 和平共处五项基本原则 equality and mutual benefit 平等互利 mutual respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity 互相尊重和主权领土完整 non-aggression 互不侵犯 non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries 互不干涉内政 peaceful coexistence 和平共处
Abstract Expressionism 抽象表现主义
Art Deco 装饰派艺术
Art Nouveau 新艺术主义
Ashcan School 垃圾箱画派
Assemblage (Collage) 装配艺术品
Barbizon School (Landscape Painting) 巴比松画派
Baroque 巴罗克艺术风格
Classicism 古典风格
Constructivism 构成派
Cubism 立体派
Dada达达主义运动
Expressionism 表现主义
Fauvism 野兽派
Futurism 未来主义
Genre 风俗画
Impressionism 印象主义
Mannerism 风格主义
Neoclassicism 新古典主义
Neoimpressionism 新印象主义,点描派
Op Art 光效应绘画艺术,欧普艺术
Pop Art 波普艺术
Realism 现实主义画派
Rococo 洛可可风格
Surrealism 超现实主义
Symbolism 象征主义 bas-relief (=bass-relief) 浮雕,浅浮雕 cameo 刻有浮雕的宝石或贝壳 caricature 漫画 cartoon (报刊上的)政治性漫画,讽刺画,卡通画,漫画 chiaroscuro 光影、明暗对比法 colors, complementary 补色;对比色 transition 转变;过渡 turmoil 动乱;冲突 tackle 处理;对付 take shape 成形 tense 紧张的 undermine 破坏 undesirable 不受欢迎的 union 联盟;工会 unswervingly 坚定不移地 vigorous 强健的;精力充沛的 volatile 不稳定的;多变的 going global “走出去”(战略) security; safety 安全 hegemony 霸权 closed-door past 闭关锁国的过去 closed-door policy 闭关政策 criteria 标准 extensive and profound 博大深远 non-confrontation 不对抗 irrationality 不合理 non-alignment 不结盟 insurmountable difficulty 不可克服的困难 inequality 不平等 unremitting efforts 不懈的努力 undertake concrete step 采取具体步骤 gap 距离 attempt 尝试 dynamism 充满活力 lofty cause 崇高的事业 grand ideal 崇高理想 address differences 处理分歧 shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交 break down barriers 打破障碍 unilateral 单边的 unilateralism 单边主义
Deng Xiaoping’s diplomatic thoughts 邓小平外交思想 underestimate; underestimation 低估 regional conflicts 地方矛盾 regional disparity 地区差异 regional turmoil (conflicts) 地区动乱(冲突) independent foreign policy of peace 独立自主的和平外交政策 principles of independence 独立自主原则 holiday-making diplomacy 度假外交 opponent; rival 对手 external work 对外工作 multilateral diplomatic activities 多变外交 multilateralism 多变政策 global village 地球村 multi-polarization 多极化 multipolar times 多极时代 multipolar world 多极世界 multi-polarity 多极性 prosperity 繁荣 flourish 繁荣昌盛 imitation 仿效 division of responsibilities 分工 splittist activities 分裂活动 issues of difference 分歧 veto right 否决权 a complex and volatile international situation 复杂多变的国际形势 complication 复杂化 complexity 复杂性 ameliorate 改善,改进 high-level and all-directional dialogue 高层次、全方位的对话 summit(forum) 高峰论坛 senior officials 高级官员 estrangement 隔阂 well-being of all nations 各国人民的福祉 proclamation 公告 fairness 公平 justice 公正,正义 consensus 共识 all-win 共赢 the transitional period 过渡期 head of state 国家元首 state-to-state 国与国 go overboard 过分 the legitimate rights and interests 合法权益 cooperative relationship 合作关系 harmonious relationship 和睦关系 peace 和平 peaceful means 和平方式 peaceful coexistence 和平共处 peace diplomacy 和平外交 consequence 后果;结果 noninterference in each other’s internal affairs 互不干涉内部事务 non-communication 互不往来 reciprocal contract 互惠合同 partners of mutual benefit and cooperation 互利合作的伙伴 suspicion 怀疑
Pacific rim countries 环太平洋国家 buffer (conflicts) 缓解(冲突) resume the exercise of sovereignty (over…) 恢复行使主权 in retrospect 回顾过去 mechanism 机制 active defense 积极防御 positive impact 积极影响 cornerstone 基石 great expectation 极大的希望 aggregation 集合;凝聚 shoulder 肩负 arduous task 艰巨任务 a constructive strategic partnership 建设性的战略伙伴关系 exchange notes 交换意见 exchange views 交换观点 establish new contacts 结交新友 emulate 竭力仿效 resolve differences 解决分歧 progress; advancement 进步 world-renowned 举世闻名 military intelligence (secrets) 军事机密 test 考验 affirm old tradition 肯定传统 framework 框架 expand the common ground 扩大共识 hard-won 来之不易 optimism 乐观精神 reciprocity in courtesy; reciprocal (mutual) courtesy 礼尚往来 decencies 礼仪;行为准则 good faith 良好诚意 a favorable climate in areas around China 良好周边环境 conscience 良知 cross-strait relations 两岸关系 territorial integrity 领土完整 border or territorial disputes 领土争端 fulfill international obligations 履行国际义务 ally; allies 盟国 people-to-people diplomacy 民间外交 mode 模式 friction 摩擦 good-neighborliness 睦邻友好 good-neighbor relationship 睦邻友好关系 remove interferences and obstacles 排除干扰与障碍 exclusive group 排他性集团 exclusivism 排外主义 ratify 批准 equality and mutual benefit 平等互利 principle of equality and mutual benefit 平等互利原则 equal partnership 平等伙伴关系 equal consultation 平等协商 concerted effort 齐心协力 discrimination 歧视 make positive contribution to 起积极作用 millennium 千年 prospect; future 前景 condemn 谴责 power diplomacy 强权外交 power politics 强权政策 enforcement 强制执行 violate; encroach on; be an encroachment on 侵犯 seek common ground while reserving/shelving/putting aside differences 求同存异 twists and turns 曲折 yield to 屈服 trend 趋势 all-round cooperation 全方位合作 all-round; all-around 全面的;全方位的 comprehensive engagement 全面接触 all-round improvement 全面提高 globalization 全球化 the world at large; the world over 全世界 rights and interests 权利和义务
(make) concessions 让步 humanitarian 人道主义者 fusion 融合 trilateral 三边的 convey profound condolences to 深切哀悼 size up the situation 审时度势 mission 使命 undertaking; cause 事业 momentum 势头 build shared optimism 树立共有的乐观精神 bilateral 双边的 bilateral relations 双边关系 bilateral cooperation 双边合作 bilateral channels 双边渠道 encroachment 侵犯 endeavor 努力 enduring 持久的;不朽的 enrich 充实 equitable 公平的;公正的 era 纪元 erupt 突然爆发 escalation 升级 exacerbate 恶化,使......加剧 flaunt 炫耀;标榜 fluctuation 波动;起伏不定 foil 阻扰;挫败 formulation 明确表达;简洁陈述 foundation 基础;基金会 guarantee 保证 guidance 指导 gunboat policy (尖船利炮)强权政策 hamper 妨碍 harness 管理,支配,控制 hereby 在此 hostility 敌意;敌对状态 ideal arena 理想的场所,舞台 impair 损害 impetus 动力 implement 贯彻 in a friendly manner 以友好的方式 in a wide range of areas (就)广泛领域 incapacitate 使不能胜任 incentive 动机;动力 in-depth 彻底的;深入的 integral 整体的 international community 国际社会 intervention 干涉 interventionist 主张干涉他国内政者;干涉主义 intimidate 恐吓,威逼 intricacy 错综复杂 irresistible 不可抗拒的 jeopardize 危及 joint communiqué 联合公报 joint declaration 联合声明 joint efforts 协力 juncture 时刻,关头;接合点 jurisdiction 权限;管辖权;管辖区域 justice 正义 legitimate 合法的 maintain 维持;坚持认为 make great contribution to 对...有重大贡献 malignant 恶性的;致命的 manifold 多方面的 meddle 干涉 memorable 令人难忘的 mentality 心理,思维状态 might 势力,兵力 mighty 强大的 mimic 模仿 mistrust 不信任;疑心 multilateral 多边的 mutual benefit 互利互惠 mutual complementarities 互补 mutual confidence 互相信任 mutual consultation 共同协商 mutual courtesy 礼尚往来 mutual promotion 互相促进 mutual respect 互相尊重 mutual supervision 互相监督 mutual trust 互相信任 mutual understanding 互相理解 negotiation 谈判;协商 objective 目标;目的 obstacle 干扰;障碍 obstruct 阻碍 origin 起源;渊源 overshadow 弱化;使……黯然失色 paralysis 瘫痪,麻痹 partnership 合作;合伙关系 peace-loving 爱好和平的 perish 毁灭;死亡 permeate 浸透 phenomenal 非凡的;杰出的 pioneering 开拓性的 pool (efforts) 协力 potential 潜力;潜在的 prejudice 偏见;损害 prerequisite 先决条件;首要的,必要的 prescribe 指示;规定 prevailing 占优势的;盛行的 prior to 在……之前 profound 深刻的,意义深远的 proliferation 扩散 promising 有前途的,有希望的 promote/facilitate/enhance/strengthen/advance 加强;促进 prudence 审慎;慎重 pursue 追求 recognition 承认,认可 reflect 反映 refrain 节制;制止 regime 政权,体制 resentment 不满、怨恨 resolutely 决心;决议 respectable 可敬的 respective 分别的,各自的 restructure 重组;体制改革 reunification 统一 rhetoric 修辞;空话 rival 竞争对手 rivalry 竞争;敌对状态 safeguard 捍卫 sanction 体裁 score 取得(成果、成果……) setback 挫折;退步 signify 表征,意味着 solidarity 团结 sound 健全的 source 来源 sponsor 赞助;主办 stability 稳定 status quo 现状 steadfastly 踏实地;坚定地 straightforward 坦率的,直截了当的 strengthen the bond 加强联系;加固纽带 subordinate 次要、下属、从属的 subsequent 后来的,接着发生的,连续的 summit 峰会;首脑会议 symbol/symbolize 象征 thereby 从而 threat 威胁,恐吓 trailblazer 开拓者 trailblazing 开拓性 trample 践踏 tranquil 安静、宁静的 transcend 凌驾;超越 trans-century 跨世纪 courtesy call 礼节性拜会 dinner; dinner party 晚宴 distinguished guest 贵宾;嘉宾 draw to a close 即将结束 eloquent remark 雄辩的(动人的)演讲 entertain 招待 extraordinary arrangement 特殊安排;精心安排 eye salute 注目礼 farewell ceremony 欢送仪式 feel honored and privileged 感到荣幸 feel pleased and honored 感到愉快和荣幸 feel proud and honored 感到骄傲和荣幸 fellow citizens 同胞们 foreign affairs office 外事办 fulfill one’s ambitions 展鸿图,酬壮志 generous hospitality 盛情款待 genuine friendship 真挚友谊 give a dinner for a visitor from afar 接风洗尘 goodwill visit 友好访问 gracious invitation 盛情邀请 gracious remark 热情的演讲,评论
Guest of Honor 主宾 gun salute 礼炮 heartfelt gratefulness 由衷的感谢 hearty embrace 热烈拥抱 hearty gratitude 衷心的感谢 heritage 传统 hospitality 好客 host a farewell dinner for someone 为…饯行 host country 主办国,东道主国家 host 主人
I’ve long heard of you 久仰 impromptu speech 即席讲话 in the company of…;accompanied by… 在…的陪同下 inauguration 开幕式;就职典礼 incomparable hospitality 无比盛情的款待 itinerary 活动日程,路线 kind words of welcome 友好的欢迎词 lasting friendship 长久的友谊 long-awaited guest 盼望已久的客人 look back at the past回顾过去 look into the future 展望未来 luncheon 午餐会 motorcade 车队 nodding acquaintance 泛泛之交 occasion 场合;时刻 opening address 开幕致辞 opening ceremony 开幕式 pay a return visit 回拜 picnic party 野餐会 propose a toast 祝酒 receive; play host to 接待 receptionist 接待员 reception 招待会 regard 尊重;敬意 regards 问候 renew old friendships(and establish new contacts) 重温旧情(结交新友) seating arrangement 席位安排 signing ceremony 签约式 sincere gratitude 真挚的感谢 speech of welcome; address of welcome 欢迎词 state banquet 国宴 sworn friend 刎颈之交 take this opportunity 趁此机会 toaster 祝酒者 toast 祝酒词 unequalled 无与伦比的 unprecedented 前所未有的 warm reception 热情接待 warm welcome 热情欢迎 wedding reception 喜宴 welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会 welcoming ceremony 欢迎仪式 a resolution 决议 abundant accomplishment 丰硕的成果 accord with; agree with; conform to; meet 符合 acknowledge 承认 assert 宣称;维护 attempt 尝试 beckon 召唤 boost 促进,刺激,增进 bilateral 双边的 bilateral channels 双边渠道 bilateral cooperation 双边合作 bilateral diplomatic activities 双边外交 bilateral relations 双边关系 bully 欺侮;以强凌弱 cast off 丢弃,摆脱 cause 原因,理想,事业,目标 channel 渠道 channels of dialog 对话渠道 chaos 混乱 clash 冲突 coercion 强迫,高压政治 collapse 溃败;崩溃 commitment 承诺,义务 common aspiration 共同希望 common causes 共同目标;共同理想 common desire 共同愿望 common development 共同发展 common interest 共同利益 common prosperity 共同繁荣 communiqué 联合公报 community of nations 国际社会 compassion 同情,怜悯 consolidate 巩固 constrain 约束;强迫 containment 遏制,遏制政策 contradictory ; self-contradictory 矛盾 convention 大会;条约;协定;惯例 convergence 集中 counterpart 相应的、对等的人或物 counterproductive 起反作用的;反效果的 courtesy 礼貌 crises 危机;危险期 dawning 黎明;开端 decline 下降;衰落 defy 挑战;公然挑衅 delay 耽搁;拖延 decency 合宜,得体 delightful 令人愉快的 deteriorate 使恶化;变糟 deterioration 衰败 disparity 不等;不同 dispute 争端 diverse 多变的 diversity 多样化;气象万千 dominate 压倒;统治;占优势 emancipate 释放;解放 embody 体现 embrace 拥抱;信奉 encroach on 侵犯,蚕食
Apple Corporation 苹果公司 artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能 artificial life (AL of Alife) 人工生命
ATM (Automated Teller Machine) 自动柜员机 audio card 声卡 audio conference 音频会议;电话会议 biotechnology 生物工程
B2B and B2C 企业对企业(商家对商家)及企业对消费者的电子商务 bandwidth 带宽 bar code 条形码
BBS (Bulletin Board System) 公告板系统,论坛 bookmark 电子书签 browser 浏览器 bullet train 子弹头列车 cache memory 高速缓冲存储器 caller ID display 来电显示 camcorder 便携式摄影机
CD burning 光盘刻录
CDMA/TDMA 码分多址(一种扩频多址数字式通信技术)
CD-RW/CD-Rewritable 可重刻 chat lines; chat rooms 聊天室
CPU (Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器 cyberspace 电脑空间 conductor 导体 convection 对流 cortex 大脑皮层 cryonics 人体冷冻法 cutting-edge 优势;前沿,极其重要的状态或位置 database 数据库 desktop videoconference (桌面)视频会议 dial-up connection 拨号连接
Digital Video (DV) / Camcorder 数码摄像机 distance education (DE) 远程教育
E-learning; Web-based training 电子学习 encryption 加密 firewall 防火墙
Flash 由macromedia公司推出的交互式矢量图和Web动画的标准 frontier science and technology 科技发展前沿
FTP (File Transfer Protocol used for downloading files on the Internet) 文件传输协议 genetic engineering 遗传工程 hacker (phreaker) 黑客,骇客 hard drive 硬盘驱动器 hemisphere 大脑半球 high scientific and technological content 科技含量高 home page 主页 insulator 绝缘体 interactive television (ITV) 互动电视
IBM = International Business Machines Corporation 国际商业机器公司(美) internet surfing 网上冲浪
Internet 互联网 intranet 企业内部互联网
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织 joystick (电脑游戏等)操纵杆 jukebox 自动点唱机
Kiosk 多功能信息商亭
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示器
Mac (Macintosh) 苹果机 maglev train 磁悬浮列车 manned spaceflight 载人航天飞行
MD (minidisk) 小型磁盘
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) 迷笛,数码音乐 microcircuit 微电路 modem “猫”,调制解调器 multimedia 多媒体 molecular science 分子科学 natural sciences 自然科学 nerd 不善社交、专心致志搞科研或精于科研的人;书呆子 neuron 神经元 new and high technology industries 高新技术产业 notebook computer 笔记本电脑
Omega point 欧米伽点
P2P (Peer to Peer Networking) 对等网络
PC (Personal Computer) 个人电脑
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) 个人数字助理,掌上电脑
Pentium 奔腾,Intel公司生产的CPU芯片
Plug and play 插件
Plug-in 插件
PPP (PowerPoint presentation) 文件演示 plastic beauty 人造美女 posthuman 后人类 pseudo-science 伪科学
RAM (Random Access Memory) 随机存贮器,内存 remote control 遥控 robotics 机器人技术 research institutions 科研院所 semi-conductor 半导体 soil and pasture management 土壤和草场管理 streaming media 流媒体 synchronous 同步的 scanner 扫描仪 screen capturing 截屏 search engine 搜索引擎 technological innovation 科技创新 telecommunication 电讯 teleconference 远程电信会议 touchscreen 触摸屏 tablet computer 平板电脑 tissue (生物)组织
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) 互联网上的信息资源定位系统 ubiquitous network 无处不在的网络 virtual community 虚拟社区
VR – virtual reality (artificial reality) 虚拟现实 water conservancy 水利 webcasting 网络广播 live web casting 网络直播
World Wide Web 万维网 acknowledge 承认 a gathering permeated with a spirit of cordial friendship 充满亲切友情的聚会 a rewarding trip 不虚此行 accommodate 供给……住宿,招待;适应,配合 add a new page to the history of 给……的历史增加了新的一页 agenda 议程 alumnus 校友 at the invitation of … 应……的邀请 banquet 宴会播
BBQ party 烧烤会
Bon Appetit! 祝你胃口好
Bon Voyage! 旅途愉快 buffet 自助餐 buffet reception 冷餐招待会 cheek-to-cheek embrace 贴脸拥抱 cheers 干杯 closing speech 闭幕致辞 cocktail party 鸡尾酒会 colleague(s) 同仁 commerce ties 商业关系 coexistence 共存,共处 congenial atmosphere 融洽气氛 costume party; masquerade 化妆舞会 courtesy call 礼节性拜会 grand jury 大陪审团 gravitas 庄严的举止,庄严 grenade 手榴弹
Ground Zero 常规导弹瞄准的目标或核设备爆炸点(特指,美国9·11恐怖袭击事件之后世贸中心的废墟) hand over 交出,移出 hard-line Islamist 强硬派伊斯兰教徒 homicide bombers 人体炸弹 hate crimes 出于仇恨的犯罪 hesperophobia (fear of the west) 对西方的恐惧 high seas 公海 highest alert 一级戒备 hijack 劫持 hit targets 攻击目标 holy warriors 圣斗士 homeland security 国土安全 hostage 人质 hostile forces 敌对势力
ICBM (InterContinental Ballistic Missile) 洲际弹道导弹 impeachment 弹劾,指摘
Isolationism 孤立主义(一种避免与其他国家建立政治或经济关系的国家政策)
IRS (Internal Revenue Services) 美国国税局 infantry 步兵团
INS (Immigration and Naturalization Service) 美国移民归化局 international common practice 国际惯例 international tribunal 国际法庭
IW (Information Warfare) 信息站 kamikaze attack 神风式飞机的攻击--二战时期日本与对手同归于尽的自杀性飞行攻击 kneecap 一种打穿膝盖骨的惩罚
Labour Party 工党 labor union (or simply 'union') 工会 land mines 地雷阵 launch strikes 发动进攻 libertarian 自由意志主义者,行动自由论者 lobbyist 活动议案通过者,说客 martyrdom 殉教,殉道,牺牲 martyr 殉教者,烈士 maneuver 大型战术训练演习 mass rescue 大规模救援 metal detector (机场安检处)金属探测器 militant 好战的,积极从事或支持使用武力的 military 武装力量 military advisory team 军事顾问团 military buildup 军事集结 military capabilities 军事能力 monarchy 君主政体,君主政治,君主国 multinational peace-keeping force 多国维持和平部队 mustard gas 芥子气(一种毒气,是战争期间作为一种战争化学武器被引入的。) neutral country / state 中立国 not undertake to renounce the use of force 不承诺放弃使用武器 nuclear arsenal 核军火库 nationalism 民族主义,民族独立运动
Nazi 纳粹党人,纳粹的,专横的
Neocon (Neo-conservative) 新保守主义者,新保守派
New World Order 新世界秩序 non-aggressive stance 非暴力政策
Nostradamus 诺斯卑达穆斯(法国医生和占星家)
NOW (National Organization for Women) 国家妇女组织 outlay 费用 operation 军事行动
Opium 鸦片 ordnance 军火,军械战备
P5 联合国安全理事会五个常任理事国 partisan, partizan 党羽,某个党派、事业、派系、人或思想的狂热支持者或反对者
Patriot missile "爱国者"导弹 pay a price 付出代价
PETA (People for the ethical Treatment of Animals) 美国善待动物协会 piracy 侵犯版权,非法翻印,盗版 platoon [军]排 plutocracy 富豪统治 political unrest 政治动荡局面 post-traumatic stress disorder (由于战伤、恐怖等原因所引起的)外伤性神经失调症 pound 猛烈轰炸
Presidential election 总统选举 adverse election results 不利的选举结果 ballot 投票;选举 / 拉选票;选票 campaign 竞选活动 从事竞选活动 candidate 候选人 canvass 游说、拉选票 charisma领袖魅力 controversy 争议,争论
Democratic party 民主党派 electorate 全体选民 eloquent 全体选民 gracious loser 输得起的人;有风度的输家 hheavy poll 得票率高 impeachment 弹劾 jubilant victory celebration 胜利的欢庆场面 nominee 候选人;被提名者 opinion poll 民意测验 poll 投票,投票数 poll station; the poll 投票站
Republican Party 共和党
TV debate 电视辩论 voter 选民 neck and neck 并驾齐驱;不分上下 landslide 占绝对优势的选举;压倒多数的选票 landslide victory 巨大的胜利 proliferation 扩散 proposal 倡议书 pullback 撤军 quota 配额,限额 recall (投票)罢免 recession 工商业之衰退,不景气 rescue 营救 rescue crews / workers 救援人员 retaliation 报复 retaliatory 报复性袭击 revenue enhancement 税收增加
“roadmap” peace plan for the Middle East 中东和平“路线图” rubble 碎石,废墟
Safe House (间谍、恐怖分子的)藏身房,安全房 sarin 沙林(一种用作神经性毒气的化学剂) sea change 海洋是转变,巨大变化(源自莎士比亚的剧本台词) secede 正式脱离或退出分离 secret ballot 不记名投票
Secret Service (政府的)特务机关,情报机关
Security Council 联合国安全理事会 skyjacking 劫机 smallpox 天花 socialism 社会主义,社会主义运动 special forces 特种部队 spiritual leader 精神领袖 squad [军]班,分队,小组,小队 suicide squad 敢死队 stealth 秘密行动 strip the citizenship 取消国籍 stronghold 要塞据点 stun gun 眩晕枪 suicide bombing 自杀性爆炸 surgical strike 外科手术式袭击(指精确而迅速的袭击,一般为空袭) syndicalism 工会组织主义,职能政府论 symmetrical warfare 对称作战 tear gas 催泪弹 terrorism 恐怖主义,恐怖行为 terrorist acts 恐怖行动,恐怖活动 terrorist group 恐怖组织 terrorist mastermind 恐怖大亨 the Bush Administration 布什政府 the disintegration of the Soviet Union 苏联解体 the Middle East Peace Process 中东和平进程 the World Energy Conference 世界能源会议 think tank 智囊团
TMD (Theater Missile Defense system) 战区导弹防御系统 to want somebody dead or alive 无论是生是死,都要将其缉拿
Tory 保守党党员,保皇党人;保守分子的 toxin 毒素
Twin Towers 姊妹楼,又称双子座,美国世贸中心原七座大楼中的主要建筑 tyranny 暴政,苛政,专治
United Nations 联合国
UN permanent representative 常驻联合国代表 unilateralism 单边主义,单方面裁军 unveil fresh policy 新政策出台 vertical envelopment 垂直包围,依*空中突击师采用空降的方式将部队部署到敌军的侧翼和后方,发动包夹进攻 victim 受害者 visit to the Yasukuni war shrine 参拜靖国神社 warplane (military aircraft) 军用飞机
Watergate 水门事件(美国政治丑闻)
WMD (Weapons of Mass Destruction) 大规模杀伤性武器
WTC (World Trade Center) 美国世贸中心 wreckage 遇难过程或遇难的情况;残骸,碎片
Zionist 犹太人复国主义者(的)
2D (two dimensional graphics images and animated images) 平面
3D (three dimensional graphics images and animated images) 三维
3D rendering 三维渲染 aerial top dressing 空中施肥 advanced technology 先进技术 analog electronic technology 模拟电子技术 animation 动画片
AOL (American Online) 美国在线 absolutism 专制主义
ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) 美国公民自由协会
Affirmative Action 平权措施,平等权利政策 a nightmarish day 噩梦般的一天 aerosol spray (用以自卫的)喷雾剂 air base 空军基地 air raid 空袭 airborne 空降部队 air force one 美国空军一号 air marshal 为预防劫机而在客机上设的随机军官 aircraft carrier 航空母舰 air piracy 劫机 air strike 空袭 all-out attack 全面进攻 amendment 宪法、法案等的修正案 anarchism 无政府主义 anarchist 无政府主义者
Andean Summit 安第斯集团峰会(拉美国家) anthrax 炭疽热 anonymity 匿名 armada 舰队 armistice 停战协议 artillery 大炮;炮兵部队 assassination 暗杀,行刺 asymmetrical warfare 不对等作战 attorney general 首席检察官,司法部长 autocracy 独裁政治,独裁政府 axis of evil 邪恶轴心 ballistic missile 弹道飞弹 battalion 军营;军队 bestial act 兽行 bigotry 偏见、偏执、持偏见的行为(态度) bill 法案、议案
Bill of Rights 权利和自由法案,(美)美国宪法前十条修正案 biochemterrorism 生化恐怖主义 biological weapons 生物武器 biometrics 生物测定 bioterrorism 生物恐怖主义 bioterrorism preparedness 生物恐怖预防 bipartisan [美]两党的;代表两党的;得到两党支持的 blitz 闪电战(尤指空袭) body scan 人体扫描 cabinet 内阁、政府 capitalism 资本主义
Camp David 位于马里兰州的总统度假地戴维营 cannon 大炮;炮袭 cargo planes 运输机 carpet bomb 地毯式轰炸 catastrophic success 灾难性胜利(指大规模、绝对性的胜利,并不是造成灾难的意思) casualty 伤亡人员 cavalry 原指骑兵;现指(需要借助车辆或直升机快速移动的)突击部队 cease-fire 停战 censorship 审查制度 chancellor 长官、大臣、(德国)总理 chaos 混乱 chemical weapons 化学武器 chemterrorism 化学恐怖主义
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) 美国中央情报局 circuit court 巡回法庭 civil rights 公民权 civil war 内战
Chinook "支奴干"运输直升机(世界著名的重型运输直升机) cluster bomb 集束炸弹(又称子母弹) collapse 倒塌 collateral damage 附带损害(尤指在冲突中无辜百姓的死亡;施瓦辛格同名电影《间接伤害》) collectivism 集体主义 commander-in-chief 司令官 commando 突击队
Communism 共产主义 congress (代表)大会
Congress (美国等国的)国会,议会 conscription 征兵,强迫征募 conservatism 保守主义,守旧性 conspiracy 阴谋,共谋 the Constitution 美国宪法 conventional disarmament 常规裁军 counterterrorism 反恐,反暴行 cruise missile 巡航导弹 cyberterrorism 网络恐怖主义 death toll 死亡人数 debris 碎片,残骸 debunk 揭穿,拆穿假面具 the Declaration of Independence 独立宣言 decriminalization 合法化 deliberate and deadly terrorist acts 有预谋的、致命的恐怖主义行动 dictator 独裁者 disinformation 故意的假情报 doublespeak 故弄玄虚的言词,欺人之谈 doublethink 思想矛盾
DIA(Defense Intelligence Agency)美国国防情报局 disarmament 裁军 disastrous attacks 灾难性的袭击 drastic changes in eastern Europe 东欧剧变 dumb bomb 自由下落炸弹;普通炸弹;傻瓜炸弹 election 选举 embedded reporters 随军记者 emergency teams 紧急救援队
East Turkistan terrorist "东突"恐怖分子 escape route 脱险路线
Eurocorps 欧洲军团 evacuate 疏散;使(所有人)撤离 evolution 进展,演变,发展 judicial branch 司法部门 legislative branch 立法部门 expeditionary force 远征军 express condolence to somebody 向某人表示哀悼 extremist 极端分子 fascism 法西斯主义,极端的国家主义
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) 美国联邦调查局
FCC (Federal Bureau of Investigation) (美国)通讯委员会
Federal Reserve System (美国)联邦储备制度 field hospital 野战医院 fighter helicopter 战斗直升机 fighter wing 战斗机联队 fire mission 射击任务 first aid 急救 flare 照明弹;信号灯 fleet 舰队 flight refueling 空中加油 fly a flag at half-mast 降半旗 food police 食品警察 foray 突袭 forced landing 迫降 fortification 防御工事 fox hole 散兵坑 free speech 言论自由
Gestapo 盖世太保,纳粹秘密警察 genocide 有计划的种族灭绝 genocide by attrition 缓慢种族灭绝 gentlemen's agreement 君子协定
Stanford 斯坦福大学 study by correspondence 通过函授学习 the Open University, UK (英国)开放大学 tuition (fee) 学费
UC Berkeley 加州伯克利大学
Univ. Edinburgh 爱丁堡大学
Univ. Munich 慕尼黑大学
Univ. Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚大学
Univ. Toronto 多伦多大学 vocational school 职业学校
Yale 耶鲁大学 television and radio broadcasting university 电视广播大学 correspondence school 函授学院 night school for adults 成人夜校 amateur arts / athletic school 业余艺术/体育学校 middle / high school affiliated to… 附中 on-the-job training course 在职进修班 political and ideological education 政治思想教育 to become educated through independent study 自学成才 scholarship; fellowship; financial grant 奖学金 a grant-aided student 领取助学金的学生 board expenses 伙食费 food allowance伙食补助
Ph. D. candidate 博士生 postdoctoral 博士后 graduation appraisal 毕业鉴定 graduate placement 毕业生分配 supervisor of Ph. D. candidate / doctoral advisor 博导 the national higher education exams for self- taught adults 自学考试 adult education 成人教育 update one's knowledge 充电 elementary education 初等教育 college town 大学城 college community 大学社区 associate degree 大专文凭 mark; grade 分数 academic record; school record 学习成绩 transcript 成绩单 paper(大学);thesis(研);dissertation(博)毕业论文 internship; field work 实习 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业典礼 certificate 毕业证书 higher education 高等教育 the "211 Project" for higher education 高等教育"211工程" institution of higher education 高等学府 comprehensive university 综合性大学 colleges of (liberal) arts 文科院校 college / university of science and engineering 理工科大学 teachers' college / normal college 师范学院 polytechnic university 工科大学 college of agriculture 农学院 medical school 医学院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 中医院 music school 音乐学院 academy of fine arts 美术学院 high scores and low abilities
(university / college) entrance examination 高考 the college expansion plan 高校扩招 highschool equivalency 高中同等学力 radio and television university 广播电视大学
National Proficiency Test of Putonghua (Mandarin) 国家普通话水平考试 correspondence university 函授大学 professor 教授 associate professor 副教授 visiting professor; guest professor 客座教授 lecturer 讲师 assistant 助教 assistant for political and ideological work 辅导员 teaching and research section / group 教研室 / 组 pedagogy; teaching method 教学法 education circle 教育界 input in education 教育投入 nine-year compulsory education九年义务教育 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 考研 extracurricular 课外的 extracurricular activities 课外活动 class discussion 课堂讨论 required / compulsory course 必修课 elective / optional course 选修课 basic course 基础课 specialized course 专业课 school schedule 课程表 seminar 研究小组;讨论会 teaching program; syllabus 教学大纲 period of schooling 学习年限 record of formal schooling 学历 school / academic year 学年
(school) term; semester 学期 credit 学分 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 两院院士 heuristic education 启发式教学 hot topic 热门话题 talents exchange 人才交流 competition for talented people 人才战
Business English Certificate (BEC) 商务英语证书 academy of design 设计学院 institute of physical culture 体育学院 enrolment rate for children of school age 适龄儿童入学率 to confer a degree on / to sb. / for sth. (e.g. thesis) 授予某人学位 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 升学率
(state) stipend / subsidy / financial aid (国家)助学金 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 硕博连读
Songjiang College Town 松江大学城 quality-oriented education 素质教育 cramming method of teaching 填鸭式教育 simultaneous interpretation 同声传译
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) 托福 block release 脱产进修 short-term training course 短训班 faculty, students and staff 师生员工 the faculty; teaching staff 教学人员 headmaster / headmistress; principal 中、小学校长 president; chancellor; vice-chancellor 大专院校校长 dean 教务长,(系)主任
Hope Project 希望工程 group discussions 小组讨论 school motto 校训 alumnus(男); alumna(女)[pl. alumni; alumnae] 校友 students' union / association 学生会 extern; non-resident student 走读生 boarder 住宿生 auditor 旁听生 graduate student; post-graduate (student) 研究生 graduating student; current year's graduate 应届毕业生 course; curriculum 课程 campus digitalization 校园数字化 campus culture 校园文化 credit; credit hour 学分 enthusiasm in learning Chinese 学汉语热 education with record of formal schooling 学历教育 school-ager 学龄儿童 preschool education 学前教育 alleviate the burden on students 学生减负 class hour; class period 学时 degree certificate 学位证书 enthusiasm in learning English 学英语热 compulsory education 义务教育 exam-oriented education 应试教育 optimize the teaching staff 优化教师队伍 on-the-job doctor 在职博士生 on-the-job postgraduate 在职研究生 admission office 招生办公室 enrolment and placement office 招生就业指导办公室 work ethics 职业道德 vocational high school 职业高中(职高) vocational education 职业教育 the trimester system 三学期制 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 定向招生 demonstration pilot project 示范试点 mobilize 动员 multi-disciplinary 多学科的 key university 重点大学 be authorized to do 被授权 center for post-doctoral studies 博士后科研流动站
National Invention Prize 国家发明奖
National Prize for Natural Sciences 国家自然科学奖
National Prize for Progres in Science and Technology 国家科技进步奖 symposium / seminar 学术报告会,专题讨论会 press conference 记者招待会
State Education Commission 国家教委
State Statistical Bureau 国家统计局 national expenditure on education 国家教育经费 financial allocation 财政拨款 job training 职业培训 functional illiterate 职业文盲 full-time teacher 专职教师 recruit / introduce (foreign) talents 智力引进 intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商 secondary education 中等教育 subjective initiative 主观能动性 activity to assist the impoverished students 助学行动 all but dissertation (ABD) 准博士 go to study abroad at one's own expense 自费留学
ABM (AntiBallistic Missile) 反弹道导弹 high-caliber leading cadres 高素质的领导干部队伍 shelve certain political disputes 搁置某些政治争议 old revolutionary base areas 革命老区 all localities and departments 各地各部门 patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士 personages of all circles 各界人士 be well positioned, do their best and live in harmony 各尽其能、各得其所又和谐相处 the democratic parties 各民主党派 people's organizations 各人民团体 attempts to split the Country 各种分裂图谋 fundamental interests 根本利益 workers and farmers 工人农民 the working class in China 工人阶级队伍
Federation of Industry and Commerce 工商联 civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由 citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与 civic duty 公民职责 fairness and justice 公平和正义 civil servants 公务员 system of public servants 公务员制度 to consolidate and uplift 巩固和提高 to consolidate and uplift 顾全大局 bear in mind the overall interests 顾全大局 the bureaucratic style of work 官僚主义作风 implement贯彻 a glorious page in the annals 光辉史册的一页 brightness and progress 光明和进步 a glorious patriotic tradition 光荣的爱国主义传统 broad space for development 广阔的发展空间 gather large numbers of talented people 广纳群贤 national defense 国防 national defense capabilities 国防实力 a highly volatile international situation 国际局势风云变幻 international organizations 国际性组织 state sovereignty and security国家的主权和安全 state-to-state relations 国家关系 comprehensive improvement of land and resources 国土资源综合整治 common aspirations of all peoples 国人的共同愿望
State Council 国务院 transitional period 过渡期 peace, justice and progress 和平,正义,进步 peaceful reunification 和平统一 negotiations and peaceful reunifications 和平统一谈判 peace and development 和平与发展 safeguard捍卫 broaden the fields of endeavor 拓宽领域 the complete realization of the reunification of the motherland 完成祖国统一 self-improvement 完善自己 work with one heart and one mind 万众一心 fine-tuning 微调 law-breakers must be prosecuted 违法必究 the sole criterion 唯一标准 to safeguard world peace and promote common development 维护世界和平与促进共同发展 health and sports undertakings 卫生体育事业 adequate food and clothing program 温饱工程 realm of ideology 意识形态领域 brave difficulties 迎难而上 support the army 拥军 give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs (拥军)优属 support the government 拥政 enjoy a lasting peace 永享太平 the eternal soul of the army 永远不变的军魂 accountability for neglect of supervisory duty 用人失察责任追究 accountability for the use of the wrong person 用人失误责任追究 optimize structure优化结构 optimize and upgrade 优化升级 the laws observed 有法必依 there are laws to go by 有法可依 supervisory function of the media 舆论监督 share weal and woe with the people 与人民群众共命运 advances with the times 与时代发展同步伐 keep pace with the times 与时俱进 with a long history behind it 源远流长 developing amidst twists and turns 在曲折中发展 increase understanding增加了解 be mindful of potential danger 增强忧患意识 strategic plan 战略部署 strategic adjustment 战略性调整 energetic and promising leadership 朝气蓬勃、奋发有为的领导层 to be rectified and standardized 整顿和规范 regularized 正规化 government intervention 政府干预 government organs; government institutions 政府机构 special government allowance 政府特殊津贴 separating the functions of government from those of institutions 政事分开
(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和
CPPCC committees 政协委员会 the political and economic spheres 政治、经济领域 old political and economic order 政治经济旧秩序 politburo 政治局 political situation 政治局面 political restructuring 政治体制 political consultation 政治协商 political consultation system 政治协商制度 kingpin 支撑 intellectuals 知识分子
(be) better educated 知识化 the laws strictly enforced 执法必严 exercise the state power in the interest of the people 执政为民 the cornerstone for its (the party's) governance 执政之基 municipality directly under the Central Government 直辖市 overlapping functions 职能交* guiding ideology 指导思想 the formulation of the eleventh five-year plan 制定"十一五"计划 institutional innovation 制度创新 running the party, state and army 治党治国治军 intellectual support 智力支持 the CPC (Communist Party of China) central committee 中共中央
CCCP (Central Committee of Communist Party) 中共中央委员会 the seventeenth national congress of the CPC 中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会
Socialism with Chinese characteristics 中国特色社会主义事业 all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation 中华儿女 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中华民族的伟大复兴 the Chinese civilization 中华文明 central and western regions 中西部地区 central commission for discipline inspections of the CPC 中央纪委 united front work department of CPC central committee 中央统战部 the central committee 中央委员会 the central government 中央政府 loyal guards 忠诚卫士 crucial historical junctions 重大历史关头 significant headway 重要进展 fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏 sovereignty and territorial integrity 主权和领土完整 the principal contradiction 主要矛盾 expert consulting system 专家咨询制度 more professionally competent 专业化 the pace of change 转变步伐 a grand mission 庄严使命 the allocation of resources 资源配置 ceaseless self-improvement 自强不息 self-governance 自治 overall national strength 综合国力 review our experience gained in practice 总结自己的实践经验 blazing a new trail 走出一条新路子 to spearhead 走在前列 organizational supervision 组织监督 one's home country; motherland 祖国 national reunification; reunification of the motherland 祖国统一 the great cause of national reunification 祖国统一大业 the overwhelming majority of the people 最广大人民 the broadest possible 最广泛的
Alma Mater 母校 bachelor's degree 学士学位 brain drain人才流失
Cambridge 剑桥大学 college equivalency 大学同等学力 degree 学位 diploma 毕业文凭 division 分校 doctoral degree / Ph.D. degree 博士学位 dropout 辍学 eliminate illiteracy 扫盲 generation gap 代沟
Harvard 哈佛大学 intercultural exchange 国际文化交流
Jurist Master 法律硕士
Jurum Doctor 法学博士 life-long learning 终身学习 master's degree 硕士学位
MIT 麻省理工学院 non-residential college 不提供住宿的大学 on-the-job training 在职培训 open universities (采用电视、广播、函授进行教学的)开放大学
Oxford 牛津大学 polytechnic 工艺学校,工艺的
Princeton 美国普林斯顿大学 qualifying examination 资格考试 residential college 提供住宿的大学 school dropout / leaver 辍 / 失学青少年 self-discipline 自我约束 self-training 自我训练

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Tesco

...all VAT-registered businesses in the UK are retailers. 70% of UK retail is Organized and 30% is Unorganized. The retail sector generates almost 8% of the Gross Domestic Product of the UK. The retail industry employed 2.9 million people, as at the end of September 20. Supermarkets dominate the UK food retail market, with 56.0% of sales. 3 Company overview Tesco¶s is a United Kingdom based international supermarket chain. It is the largest British retailer both by global sales and by domestic market share. Established in 1924. Tesco is the third-largest retailer in the world next to Wal-Mart, Carrefour and is operating around 2,440 stores and employing over 4,00,000 people www.Tesco.com is recognized as the world¶s largest online grocer, with a customer base of little less than 1 million and more than 250,000 orders a week. Tesco¶s market share of UK retailing is 12.5%. 4 Company overview Tesco has moved into areas such as clothes, consumer electronics, consumer financial services, internet services, consumer telecoms and gas stations. Tesco now controls over 30% of the grocery market in U.K. As of March 2008, Tesco have a store in every postcode of the UK. 1960 1970 1980 1960 2000 5 Competitors Competitors ASDA Group Limited BP Plc Carrefour S.A. ExxonMobil Corporation The Big Food Group Plc J Sainsbury plc Marks and Spencer Group plc Royal Dutch/Shell Group Safeway Inc. 6 Safeway plc Somerfield SPAR HandelsAktiengesellschaft The Boots Group PLC Wm...

Words: 1187 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Z01_JOHN2020_09_SE_EM18.QXD 10/13/10 9:09 Page 658 CASE STUDY Tesco: from domestic operator to multinational giant Michelle Lowe and Neil Wrigley This case considers the emergence of Tesco plc as one of the world’s leading multinational retailers. In a remarkable 10-year period, Tesco has transformed itself from a purely domestic operator to a multinational giant – with subsidiaries in Europe, Asia and North America – and in 2009 had 64 per cent of its operating space outside the UK. Examining market entry into Asia in more detail, the case compares ‘success’ in Thailand and South Korea with ‘failure’ in Taiwan. It also considers ‘a high risk gamble’ in Tesco’s entry into the US market, long considered to be a graveyard of overambitious expansion by UK retailers. ● ● ● Introduction In April 2009, Tesco, the UK’s largest retailer and private sector employer of labour, announced annual sales for 2008/09 of almost £60 billion (x66bn or $90.2bn) together with profits of £3 billion (x3.3bn or $4.5bn). After a dramatic decade-long transformation from purely domestic operator to multinational giant, Tesco now had a remarkable 64 per Source: Getty Images. cent of its operating space outside the UK, was developing increasingly strong businesses across 11 Asian and European markets, had a rapidly expanding ‘start-up’ subsidiary operating in the western USA, and had announced its entry into the Indian market. Moreover, as signalled in both the title of its Annual Report...

Words: 5448 - Pages: 22

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Tesco was founded in 1919 by Jack Cohen in the form of a market stall in London’s East End. Over the years the company has grown massively into one of the world’s largest retailers employing over 500,000 people across 12 countries, serving millions of people each week in-store and online. Key to Tesco’s innovation success is its meticulous focus on managing margins. The company’s obsession with efficiency has been used to keep prices low and, in 2007, Tesco managed 1.8% deflation across its product lines. The company has also focused on making the shopping experience as easy as possible for customers – be it in hypermarkets, small stores or online. Tesco Express has led the move of food retailing back into the community; in addition it was also the first convenience store with a petrol station. Tesco.com now generates sales of more than £700 million and profits of more than £35 million for the business. In the UK, the service reaches 96% of the population and handles more than 170,000 orders a week. Like some of its peers, Tesco aims to improve their service and focus on providing better value to their customers rather than concentrate on pricing alone. These same principles are carried across the business into non-food, services and its international operations. To enable this, the company pays considerable focus on harnessing the creativity of its workforce and encourages staff to come forward with ideas. The company’s prowess in process management applies just as much to its...

Words: 275 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Background Tesco Tesco PLC is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured by after Walmart and Carrefour and the second-largest measured by profits. It has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in the UK, Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland and Thailand. The company was founded in 1919 by Jack Cohen when he began to sell surplus groceries from a stall at Well Street Market, Hackney, in the East End of London. The Tesco brand first appeared in 1924. The name came about after Jack Cohen bought a shipment of tea from Thomas Edward Stockwell. He made new labels using the first three letters of the supplier's name (TES), and the first two letters of his surname (CO), forming the word TESCO. The first Tesco store was opened in 1929 in Burnt Oak, Edgware, Middlesex. His business expanded rapidly, and by 1939 he had over 100 Tesco stores across the country. Originally a UK-focused grocery retailer, since the early 1990s Tesco has increasingly diversified geographically and into areas such as the retailing of books, clothing, electronics, furniture, petrol and software; financial services; telecoms and internet services; DVD rental; and music downloads. The 1990s saw Tesco business motto was "pile it high and sell it cheap", to which he added an internal motto of "YCDBSOYA" (You Can't Do Business...

Words: 1118 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Tesco

...TESCO Tesco plc is a major food retailer especially in the u.k. It has got many shops in all part of the world. Tesco started its life in 1919 .Jack Cohen is called as the founder of tesco.In 1919 he started Tesco from the surplus groceries from a stall in the East End of London. He made a profit of £1 from sale of £4 on his first day. Now it operates all around 2300 stores. Tesco the name come from a shipment of tea from a MR T. E Stockwell and jack Cohen name. The initials and letters combined to form TES-CO. Tesco brand is first appeared five years later in 1924.In the year 1930 he build a headquarters and warehouse in north London, In 1932 Tesco become a private limited company. Tesco started expanding after, in 1950 the retailer bought 70 Williams stores and 200 harrow stores, followed by 97 Charles Philips store and the Victor value chain in the early 1960s.In 1961 Tesco Leicester enter the Guinness book of records as the largest store in Europe,1968 Tesco opened its first superstore in crawley,west sussex.In 1970 Tesco build a national store network to cover the whole of the u.k, which it continues to expand to this day, while also diversifying to other products.In1974 Tesco opened its first petrol stations, and is become uk’s largest independent petrol retailer. In 1987 Tesco successfully completed a hostile takeover of supermarket rival Hilliard for £220m. Tesco started an...

Words: 736 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Tesco

...environmentally and socially responsible in conducting their business. In the business community, CSR is alternatively referred to as “corporate citizenship,” which essentially means that a company should be a “good neighbor” within its host community. About Tesco Plc Tesco public limited company is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer. It’s headquarter is situated in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues and the second-largest measured by profits. It has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America, Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland, Thailand and is the grocery market leader in the UK capturing around 30% of the market share. The company was founded in 1919 by Sir Jack Cohen as a group of market stalls. The Tesco name first appeared in 1924, after Mr. Cohen purchased a shipment of tea from T. E. Stockwell and combined those initials with the first two letters of his surname, and the first Tesco store opened in 1929 in Burnt Oak, Middlesex. His business expanded rapidly, and by 1939 he had over 100 Tesco stores across the country. Originally Tesco focused on UK grocery retailers, but since the early 1990s Tesco has...

Words: 2515 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Market share * Major supermarkets have been losing ground to discount retailers Aldi and Lidl since the recession struck. * Tesco has been struggling to turn around the performance of its UK stores despite a £1bn overhaul. * Tesco’s sales in the 12-week period were 4 per cent lower than a year earlier. Aldi’s sales grew by 29.5 per cent and Lidl’s by 18.3 per cent. They now occupy 4.8 per cent and 3.6 per cent of the market respectively. * Lewis, who joins Tesco from consumer goods giant Unilever on October 1, faces the challenge of wooing customers back to stores. http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/markets/article-2735944/Tesco-suffers-drop-market-share-sales-fall-4-cent.html#ixzz3T8RRhQtC  http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-28978540 Why Teso lost customers? * The retailer had lost focus on the core retailing principles - best prices, highest quality and stores that people like shopping in. * Mr Clarke famously pulled Tesco out of "the space race", halting the expansion of hyper-stores and instead focusing on a different strategy of making Tesco "all things to all people" with a strong digital bent. * The launch of Tesco's own tablet, the Hudl, proved very successful - giving Tesco an automatic way of influencing how people shopped online. * Mr Clarke allowed Tesco to lose its reputation as the cheapest of the "Big Four" retailers, a crown it lost to Asda. High price: expensive than Asda by 6% * When it came to tackling the exodus...

Words: 524 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Z01_JOHN2020_09_SE_EM18.QXD 10/13/10 9:09 Page 658 CASE STUDY Tesco: from domestic operator to multinational giant Michelle Lowe and Neil Wrigley This case considers the emergence of Tesco plc as one of the world’s leading multinational retailers. In a remarkable 10-year period, Tesco has transformed itself from a purely domestic operator to a multinational giant – with subsidiaries in Europe, Asia and North America – and in 2009 had 64 per cent of its operating space outside the UK. Examining market entry into Asia in more detail, the case compares ‘success’ in Thailand and South Korea with ‘failure’ in Taiwan. It also considers ‘a high risk gamble’ in Tesco’s entry into the US market, long considered to be a graveyard of overambitious expansion by UK retailers. ● ● ● Introduction In April 2009, Tesco, the UK’s largest retailer and private sector employer of labour, announced annual sales for 2008/09 of almost £60 billion (x66bn or $90.2bn) together with profits of £3 billion (x3.3bn or $4.5bn). After a dramatic decade-long transformation from purely domestic operator to multinational giant, Tesco now had a remarkable 64 per Source: Getty Images. cent of its operating space outside the UK, was developing increasingly strong businesses across 11 Asian and European markets, had a rapidly expanding ‘start-up’ subsidiary operating in the western USA, and had announced its entry into the Indian market. Moreover, as signalled in both the title of its Annual Report...

Words: 5448 - Pages: 22

Premium Essay

Tesco

...COMPANY PROFILE Tesco PLC REFERENCE CODE: 34972414-9A41-4048-A7B6-1B0017054743 PUBLICATION DATE: 7 Feb 2013 www.marketline.com COPYRIGHT MARKETLINE. THIS CONTENT IS A LICENSED PRODUCT AND IS NOT TO BE PHOTOCOPIED OR DISTRIBUTED. Tesco PLC TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Company Overview..............................................................................................3 Key Facts...............................................................................................................3 SWOT Analysis.....................................................................................................4 Tesco PLC © MarketLine Page 2 Tesco PLC Company Overview COMPANY OVERVIEW Tesco PLC (Tesco or ‘the company’) is a food and grocery retailer. The company primarily operates in Europe and Asia. It is headquartered in Hertfordshire, the UK, and employed 519,671 people, on an average, in FY2012. The company recorded revenues of £64,539 million (approximately $103,223.7 million) in the financial year ended February 2012 (FY2012), an increase of 6.8% over FY2011. The operating profit of Tesco was £3,985 million (approximately $6,373.6 million) in FY2012, an increase of 1.7% over FY2011. The net profit was £2,806 million (approximately $4,487.9 million) in FY2012, an increase of 5.7% over FY2011. KEY FACTS Head Office Tesco PLC Tesco House Delamare Road Cheshunt Hertfordshire EN8 9SL GBR 44 1992 632222 Phone Fax Web Address http://www...

Words: 4383 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Assessing the performance of tesco TESCO plc is a United Kingdom based group specialised in food retailing, it operates as a grocery and general merchandising chain in the United Kingdom and across the world. So far, it is the largest British retailer in term of sales and market share with, according to Thomson one banker, a total net income of £ 2,161.00 for the year 2009. It is also the third largest global retailer group in term of revenue after the American group Wal-Mart and the French group Carrefour. With a main activity of food global retailer, it has diversified his activity into clothing, home, financial services, car insurance, health, telecoms and internet services and software. However in this report we are focusing on its clothing unit which operates online. So to better know this Tesco clothes retailing, this report will bring an overview of the company and will analyse its current strategic position, the same as its fitness with the other business units. This report will also analyse the Tesco clothes retailing’s macro environment, the competitive environment, the strategic capability and also the future strategic options. Tesco clothes retailing’s brief overview: The Tesco clothes retailing company is among the biggest clothing retailer by volume in the United Kingdom as it was ranked at the third place in 2008 and had to juggle this place with Asda Direct online retailer behind Mark & Spencer and Primark (Hall, J.). Tesco clothes retailing is committed...

Words: 2668 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Vision, values and business strategies S T R AT E G Y Introduction Tesco was founded in 1919 by Jack Cohen from a market stall in London’s East End. Today it is one of the largest retailers in the world. Tesco’s core business is retailing in the UK, which provides 60% of all sales and profits. Tesco has the widest range of food of any retailer in the UK. Its two main food brands are its Finest and Everyday Value ranges, each sell over £1 billion per year. The position of Tesco as a leading global brand is clearly illustrated by its expansion of operations into 12 countries including China, Czech Republic, India, Malaysia, Ireland, Hungary and Poland. In 2013 Tesco employed in excess of 530,000 colleagues. This level of success does not happen by chance. Tesco’s leaders have always set high standards and clear goals, never settling for anything less than the best. Tesco’s ‘Every Little Helps’ philosophy puts customers, communities and employees at the heart of everything it does. It prides itself on providing a great shopping experience for every customer it serves, whether in stores, online or in its many other service provisions. Tesco’s core values include a commitment to using its scale for good by being a responsible retailer. In 2010, it opened the world's first zero-carbon supermarket in Ramsey, Cambridgeshire and was awarded Green Retailer of the Year at the Annual Grocer Gold Awards 2012. Tesco aims to be a zero-carbon business by 2050. Tesco’s continuing success...

Words: 2145 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Tesco

...way ea one ons > Cr than dati ore foun > M the … owth ying e gr > La utur f for ors rect of Di d ent Boar atem Our l St t ncia epor Fina t rs’ r emen mary ecto ir tat Sum ry D al S i mma nanc > Su ew y Fi Revi mmar ss > Su sine tion a Bu form and and r in ndar esto ale Inv c ion > rmat cial How to find out more online info inan er > F ——— Every year, more and more hold ——— hare s —— Chai rman eme Stat 6 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 26 28 28 30 34 36 —— ——— ——— information is available for our shareholders, staff and customers. www.tesco.com/annualreview08 ——— —— 212583_TESCO_REVIEW 30/4/08 07:26 Page 1 Most people know something about Tesco. After all, we are the UK’s largest grocer and we’ve been serving customers for the best part of a century. What you might not know, is that Tesco is also the world’s third largest grocery retailer with operations in 12 international markets, employing over 440,000 people and serving millions of customers every week. We’re not simply about providing great quality food at affordable prices. We provide more choice than ever to more customers, whether it’s through our expanding international operations, innovative retailing services or our growing non-food offer. It doesn’t matter how people choose to shop with us or what they choose to buy, our core purpose remains the same – to create value for...

Words: 6873 - Pages: 28

Premium Essay

Tesco

...to all the people that helped to gave us the chance to go for this programme. Without forgeting a special Thanks to our English Teatcher M.EL FOUADI KAMAL for this opportunity. Last, but not least, we would like to thank our parents and family for supporting our stay in LONDON financially and emotionally. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................2 SECTION 1 : TESCO……………. .........................................................................4 1-BUSINESS DESCRIPTION…………. ......................................................5 2-HISTORY .................................................................................................6 3-CORE VALUES ......................................................................................7 4-VISION AND MISSION …........................................................................7 5-STRATEGY .............................................................................................8 6-PROFIT AND LOSS IN TESCO ..............................................................9...

Words: 9552 - Pages: 39

Free Essay

Tesco

...Module Code:SP Table of Contents Executive summary 3 1. RECENT PAST: Strategies deployed and resulting outcomes- recent Strategic development history. 4 Introduction:- 4 Strategic Development History:- 4 Growth Strategy:- 7 Organic Growth:- 7 External growth (Acquisitions):- 7 Product series Strategy:- 8 Tesco Finest Range:- 8 Tesco Average Range: 8 Tesco Value Range: 8 Store Formats strategy:- 8 2. CURRENT: Current Strategic Situation:- 9 PEST Analysis:- 9 PORTER’s Five Forces:- 11 SWOT ANALYSIS:- 13 3. FUTURE: Strategic Direction for the future:- 16 Strategic 1: Tesco should expand in South East Asian developing country:- 16 Strategic 2: Tesco should alliance with Star Bucks or Caffe Nero:- 17 Strategic 3: Tesco should introduce books section in back to school section:- 17 Strategic 4: Tesco should launch micro Tesco chain in UK:- 17 Conclusion:- 18 References:- 19 Executive summary The main purpose of this work is that to analyse the strategic growth of Tesco plc. After the brief study of Tesco’s history it has been analysed that Tesco works on many different strategies. Regarding to the growth strategy Tesco...

Words: 4620 - Pages: 19

Premium Essay

Tesco

...Tesco Tesco is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, England, and United Kingdom. It is the second-largest retailer in the world measured by profit and third-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues. It has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in the UK (where it has a market share of around 30%), Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland and Thailand. Tesco Aims * To Maximize their profits * To Provide goods/services that is cheap and affordable to the public or consumers * To maximize their sales * To grow and maintain the number one retail company in UK Tesco Objectives * To increase market share * To do better than their competitors and remain the market leader * Offering customers the best value for money and the most competitive prices Growth strategies for Tesco Tesco’s use Ansoff’s Matrix because they are using different ways in order to make sure that the Business is meeting its customer needs. Tesco’s use market penetration to keep their customers loyal, they also use product development to introduce new products to their customers, they use market development to try and get customers to buy existing products and Tesco have expanded their Business by opening a store in South Korea. Market Penetration/Relationship Marketing The way Tesco have tried to get Customers to stay loyal is by offering...

Words: 851 - Pages: 4