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The Catcher in the Rye Themes

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Author J.D. Salinger’s novel ‘The Catcher in the Rye’, takes up a bildungsroman or coming-of-age genre throughout the story. It is known that novels that take up the bildungsroman genre mainly focus on the protagonist of the story developing from their youth to adulthood in a psychological and moral way. Displaying the character changes and development throughout the plot is essential in this sort of genre. A sensitive and emotional protagonist in search for answers based on their own identity, life, and also gaining knowledge about the world and overcoming obstacles at the same time are all related to the concept of the bildungsroman genre. Thus, the genre is also identified as “coming-of-age”. In the Catcher in the Rye, Holden is a character who mainly experiences all these situations and eventually matures by the end of the novel. In “The Catcher in the Rye”, the novel introduces three main themes that associate with the bildungsroman genre. These themes are alienation, growing up, and corruption of innocence. Holden Caulfield is a boy who feels isolated from society. He feels isolated because he is convinced that he is excluded and victimized by everyone else around him. This causes him to have no motivation in order to complete his assignments, such as Mr Spencer’s history exam. As he was discussing with Mr Spencer about the game he states “what’s a game about it? Nothing. No game”, it shows that he is convinced that he is different to those who fit in society and the rules of life does not apply to him as he belongs to “the other side”. Holden also possesses a unique hunting hat that gives him a sense of protection and it also reflects his situation of wanting to be different from those around him. Holden exemplified his character as one that does not like to display their feelings or express their emotions and opinions directly. Isolation breaks down his mental stability and is also the reason why he lacks important interaction with others. Overall, alienation plays a role of giving him strength but also creating his problems. For example, he feels the longing to be together with Jane Gallagher, but also does not make any effort in order to do so due to his reliance on isolation. Holden’s development of character in terms of growing up has developed throughout the plot. However, Holden did not want to grow up and was preventing himself from showing any signs of maturing. Holden states “I act quite young for my age sometimes”, however he is only repeating what the adults have previously told him. This shows that he wants to convince others that he has matured, but the truth is that he is still a kid. The novel describes that Holden’s head is full of grey hair, although part of him is still an adolescent. Holden shows signs that even though he does not mind staying young, however he still wants to experience some of the aspects of being an adult such as when he goes to a bar and says, “I ordered a Scotch and soda”. He displays that at some times he is willing to trade in his innocence for adult privileges. Holden is more focused on the fact that the adult world is full of “phonies” and does not want to join that world. This is mainly because he is convinced that the world of youth is more honest and innocent. In the novel, Holden experiences a corruption of innocence. This theme is similar to growing up, however it focuses more on what Holden has lost in order to grow up, innocence. Holden believes that every child is innocent until they have become adults, that innocence fades and transforms into maturity. Allie’s death relates to this situation and traumatizes Holden due to the fact Allie had died while he was in his “blessed state”, still pure from the world of “phonies”. When his little sister asks him what he wants to be when he grows up. Holden answers with “I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff”. Afterwards, he states that he would be the catcher in the rye. This part explains that Holden wants to save the lives of other kids before they lose their own innocence. He believes that he has the responsibility to prevent other children from going down the “cliff” like he did.

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