...third of the population. According to the 2001 Census 92% of the total population are identified as white and approximately 7.9 % of the population (ONS2001) belong to ethnic minority. Even though some improvement has been made in the labour market during the past 40 years, researches prove that ethnic minority workers are experiencing high levels of unemployment and lack of suitable employment opportunities. If compared to british or other white , the ethnic minorities in the Uk are mainly engaged in non professional low paid jobs. However some researches prove that not all of the ethnic minority workers are suffering from lower level of employment. Indian and Chinese groups for example have high levels of employment in professional jobs. Other groups are not showing the same tendency. Pakistani and Bangladeshi are mainly doing unstable and low paid jobs.Black Carribean, Black Affrican and other Black groups are standing somewhere in between. The question here is what is missing for those people to be in equal position with their conterparts? The aim of this review is to outline specific career development programmes for both ethnic minority workers and for workers in gender untypical occupations. The focus will be on the position of unemployed ethnic minorities in the labour market and how labour market training programmes help for better labour market opportunities. Barriers to employment: OECD research has found that the employment gap between ethnic minorities and...
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...___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Multiple Choice Questions Real and nominal wage rates; trends Type: F Topic: 1 E: 523 MI: 279 1. Real wages in the United States in the long run: A) show no discernible relationship to output per worker. B) have increased at about the same rate as increases in output per worker. C) have increased slower than increases in output per worker. D) have increased faster than increases in output per worker. Answer: B Type: F Topic: 1 E: 523 MI: 279 2. The long-run trend of real wages: A) cannot be determined from available data on nominal wages and the price level. B) has been downward because the price level has risen faster than nominal wages. C) has been upward. D) has been downward because labor's share of the domestic income has fallen. Answer: C Type: A Topic: 1 E: 521-522 MI: 277-278 3. If the nominal wages of carpenters rose by 5 percent in 2000 and the price level increased by 3 percent, then the real wages of carpenters: A) decreased by 2 percent. C) increased by 3 percent. B) increased by 2 percent. D) increased by 8 percent. Answer: B Type: A Topic: 1 E: 523 MI: 279 4. Over the long run, real earnings per worker can...
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...Practice #1 Solutions Process Analysis and Capacity Management BUAD311 – Operations Management 1. Dello is a world-class PC company. Management believes that they understand their products and customers better than any outsourcing company; therefore Dello should provide customer service in-house. Ideally, Dello’s customer service department wants to handle all the customer phone calls. During peak hours, however, Dello receives so many customer calls that they ask an outsourcing company, Telemate, to help handle incoming calls. Dello’s switchboard system is programmed in the following way; A customer calls Dello at its 1-800 number. If there are 14 or less callers in the system waiting to speak with one of the customer service representatives, then the call stays within Dello’s system and the customer inquiry will be answered by a Dello customer service representative. If, on the other hand, there are 15 or more calls waiting within Dello’s system, then the incoming call is forwarded to the outsourcer Telemate, and the call will be answered by a Telemate agent. Draw the process flowchart for Dello’s customer service call handling process. [pic] 2. Getaway is another computer company known for mass customization. Its secret is to always maintain an inventory of base models, and to offer its customers add-on options. The process is as follows: The first step is receiving the order. After receiving an order, the order...
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...different types of effective communication and I will discuss them on how they benefit David. These are some examples of different types of communication they use which are eye contact, tone of voice and reflective listening etc. The first type of communication that was used is eye contact. It is important because it reminds David that he gets full attention and care. This builds trust and it shows to him that they have an interest in him and that they care for his well- being. The second type of communication that’s used is tone of voice. The support workers talk to David in a calm and settle way. This shows that he can rely on the support worker and talk to them because he knows that they won’t shout at him. The way the carer speaks to David is in the simplest and nice way because he is a child and they are always smiling. This benefits David because it creates a positive mood. The language they use is informal because he is a child and he would not understand if they speak to formally. This benefits David because he understands clearly what the support workers are talking about. Reflective listening is another type of communication that is used. The support workers are always listening to David who shows that he has full attention. Also the support workers are nodding which shows that they have an interest in him and also shows respect because you wouldn’t like to be ignored. Exaggeration and body language is another type of communication. The support worker uses...
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...notes “Alienation is the condition where workers have no job satisfaction or fulfillment from their work”. Alienation could cause some severe consequences. In 2010, thirteen employees, who worked for a Chinese company—Foxconn, committed suicided. (BBC) In this case, it is possible that the suicide event is due to that Foxconn is the assembly line of Apple, which means it is technology employed. Mitra (2010:11) points out that as the technology becomes more sophisticated, the level of alienation, which results from technology, becomes higher. The main purpose of this essay is to examine how far the complexity of the technology employed is the prime cause of alienation in the work place. It will first consider the Marx’s main points about alienation, and it will then compare that to the main ideas of Blauner’s theory. After that, it will analyse Gallie’s thesis of alienation. Marx’s theory indicates that alienation is objective. Which means alienation is there even if the workers do not feel be alienated, and it is physical. Craib (1997:88) disputes that Marxist’s thesis of alienation is the way that human lose their power and are alienated from our world. Edgell (2012) deems that“ For Marx, alienation is rooted in the structure of industrial capitalism”. This shows that capitalism is the significant cause of alienation in Marx’s theory. Moreover, Marxist perspectives comment that the capitalist industry is dehumanized. Not only workers, the employers also suffer alienation and...
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... Diff: 3 Type: C 2) A decrease in the wage rate will change A) only the amount of labor hired. B) the amount of labor employed, and it may also change the amount of other inputs employed. C) the price the firm charges for the product, but it will not affect the demand for any of the inputs. D) the firm's profit-maximizing level output, but not its usage of inputs. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: F 3) When a large amount of output is produced per unit of the input, the input is said to exhibit A) high productivity. B) low productivity. C) marginal productivity. D) derived productivity. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: F 4) The demand for _________ is a "derived demand." A) ice cream cones on a hot day B) tax-free municipal bonds C) a hair stylist by a salon owner D) a birthday cake for your brother Answer: C Diff: 3 Type: C 5) The demand for inputs is a derived demand because A) it does not come from competitive markets. B) it depends on the demand for outputs. C) it is derived from nature. D) it is derived from production. Answer: B Diff: 3 Type: C 6) A car manufacturing company adopts a new technology that, ceteris paribus, increases the productivity of capital. At the same time, workers unionize...
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...modern unions arose, “to counter balance the wealth and power of a very few industrialists, as well as to battle the widespread poverty, misery and abuse of most workers,” ("Brief History," 2010, para. 7). There are distinctive types of unions in America all with diverse types of participants. Several of the most common unions currently are Craft (Trade) Unions, and Industrial Unions Craft Unions which are the long-standing types of unions, their beginnings are formed from the skilled workers guilds. These types of unions are comprised of workers from many different trades; the typical union helps their members by bargaining and negotiating with employer on their behalf with regards to labor contracts which comprise of benefits, wages, working conditions, procedures for termination, or complaints. Trade Unions traditionally are diplomatically conventional when associated to other Unions. “US trade unions have been the most "successful" labor movement in the world. Unions won for their members benefits such as pensions, health care, and paid vacations that working people in other industrial countries were able to win only through political as well as industrial action. US trade unionists also enjoy the highest wage premium in any country that is, the difference in pay and benefits between organized and unorganized workers in the same sector,” (Bernard, 1998, para. 9)....
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...the city purchase its current building to enable it to build a new facility in the community to accommodate the expansion. The plant estimates that sales will increase by $20 million. All sales are purchased outside of the municipality. Once the plant opens, it’s expected to employ 250 workers with an average hourly wage of $15.00 per hour. Direct Impact The size of the proposed construction project was 50,000 square feet, with a per square foot cost of $100, which generated $5,000,000.00 in construction business generated by this project. A construction multiplier of 1.5 x the $5,000,000.00 would generate $7,500,000.00 in total construction benefits for the city. Expansion of the processing plant is projected to be a $30,000,000 contribution to the City of Galveston’s economy. Attracting and maintaining this type of business within the city would have tremendous impact on the local economy. Another direct effect included the 300 construction workers staying at 300 different hotel rooms at a rate of $75.00 per night, an immediate impact on the local hotel economy of $22,500.00. Furthermore, the project will also have an indirect effect (support industries) and an induced effect (worker consumption) of the spending on the project within Galveston County. Indirect Effects The indirect effects stemming from the plant project included jobs created in support industries to supply intermediate goods and services for the sector targeted by direct spending. In addition,...
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... There are several different ways that social workers can help people. Not only do they offer help, but they also give people the knowledge to learn how to help themselves (Discover Social Work). I have chosen this career path because I love being the person to make a difference in someone’s life in any way that I can to help them. Many people think of social workers as just being those workers at their local Department of Human Services offices that removes a person’s children from their homes, but you may actually find social workers working in law enforcement departments, schools, mental health clinics and military facilities. This field is open to many opportunities and there are various steps to take if someone is in preparation for a career in social work. When a person is considering a career in social work they must first self-evaluate themselves to see if they are of good moral character; in other words, are they doing it for the right reasons, because in this field, you are responsible for the lives and livelihood of others. Social workers must be compassionate and considerate of others and all situations. “The social work profession has its own body of knowledge, code of ethics, practice standards, credentials, state licensing, and a nationwide system of accredited education programs (National Association of Social Workers).” In this field there can be so many people involved it can become stressful, as a social worker your job is to be empathetic when needed but to...
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...Growing up I always wanted to be a social worker. Working with people is something I like to do. I am very good with lending a helping hand and being there when a person needs me the most. I am very wise about the things I say and do. My word of advice could help others in many ways. Social workers save millions every day rather it’s financial, social, private or just local. Being a social worker is a very hard job but anyone with a good attitude and an open heart can be a great social worker with no problem. Social workers make almost $50,000 per year. Social workers make more than the average mental health counselor, abuse and behavioral abuse. The major social workers throughout the world are as listed: medical/public health, substance, mental health,...
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...MOST CREDIBLE TYPES OF LEADERSHIP In today’s world, leadership is getting more and more important. Companies are growing day by day and it’s hard to manage or lead them. Because of this need, leadership has developed and divided into types. There are three styles of leaderships; authoritarian, democratic and laissez-faire. The first style is authoritarian. There are two types of authoritarian leadership styles. The first type is in-house authoritarian. They make all decisions in company and there is only one leader. The second type is intercompany authoritarian. These types of leaders have their own authority. They vary from company to company. The other style of leadership is democratic style. This style can be grouped into two parts. The first part is hierarchical type. In this type, there are several manager types under the CEO like CFO and CLO. They all have right to talk and express their ideas. The second part is equality of all workers. In this type, the only leader in the company is CEO and other workers are equal. They manage all the company alone. The last leadership style is laissez-faire. It’s also called as free manager or relax manager. It is divided into two types. The first type puts flexible working hours. In this type, the main idea is effectiveness. Workers can determine their own working hours. The second type allows flexible working fields. In this type, workers can work wherever they want to. For example, workers can work in...
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...of conducting a structure of team-based, I will also speak about different ways organizations can do to increase efficiency and increase productivity, and finally the different types of teams. Today organizations have chosen to make a system of team-based structures, which has meant a big change in society and the way in which organizations develop. Working with teams makes the work-system more comfortable and more flexible and also helps the workers in order to demonstrate their talents and to share their views and opinions more freely, creating a positive environment, which creates greater effectiveness. When an organization decides to bring a team-based structure, not only has a positive impact on the organization, also it makes workers share opinions and give ideas. When you perform a team-based structure, more ideas are generated, coordinate logistics and better atmosphere among workers is created. To make a coordinated team, we need to have a leader who knows how to efficiently coordinate and lead the team's goals. For a team to be effective, it must be provided good coordination which may facilitate motivation and participation of workers. In an organization you can find different types of team-based structures, depending on the sector and each situation an organization can perform five types of equipment: problem solving teams, cross-functional teams, self-managed work teams,multi team and virtual teams. The most common is the problem-solving team, where teams are...
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...Job satisfaction is important for workers and social welfare. However, approximately 9.9 millions British workers are unsatisfied with their jobs (BBC News). Alienation can be define as "the state or experience of being isolated from group or an activity to which one should be long or which one should be involve" (Hobson, 2004:16). This essay will analyses whether technology is the major cause of alienation in various industry. It will look in different perspectives; marxism, Blauner, Nicholls and Beynon, Gallie and Zuboff respectively. Karl Marx argues that alienation is an objective state and it is an intrinsic part of capitalist society. Thus, it is an unavoidable (Noon et al, 2013:227). Alienation occurs because "work in industrial capitalist society is the dehumanized opposite of satisfying experience which develops the human capacity for creativity" (Edgell, 2006:29). According to Marx, there are four types of alienation under industrial capitalism. Firstly, product alienation, employees are alienated from product of their labour which is owned by the capitalist and lose control over their product (Noon et al, 2013:227). Secondly, alienation from productive activity. In this type of alienation workers being lost control upon their ability of labouring activity to ensure their being and determine their self-existence (Morrison, 2006:123). A third type of alienation is alienation from human species, from the product and activity alienation incur alienated from their...
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...discuss the utility of the different types of safety inspections in maintaining a safe working environment. Safety workplace inspections are a planned walk- through of a workplace or selected areas or locations of a workplace. Inspections are needed to critically examine all factors including equipment, processes, materials, buildings and procedures that have the potential to cause injury or illness, and to identify where action is necessary to control hazards. Safety inspections include policies and procedures and the purpose of this policy is to control losses of human and material resources by identifying and correcting unsafe acts and conditions. The purpose of the safety inspection program is to detect and address safety-related hazards and risks before the issues cause injury, property damage or environmental impact According to Schemerhan, one of the type of safety inspection is the formal inspection or just general inspection. Formal inspections are well planned and are conducted in a proper manner following outlined and well stated channels to maintain a safe working environment. Focus at this type of safety inspection is on specific work stations or work area and the safety committee performs formal monthly safety tours .Each tour is performed by a pair of committee member which include one worker and one manager. The utility of these formal inspection helps to keep the work place safe as close inspection will also call for the workers to be more cautious and vigilant...
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...In order to achieve P1, I must describe the different types of employment contact which might be used with such a large company giving examples and describe how contracts of employment are formed at the company. The company I will be focusing on is Barclays Bank PLC, which is a very well-known bank in England and around the world. Different types of employments Contract of service A) 1. Full time: This is a type of job, where the employee works the full number of hours, which is defined by the contract that they agree with their employer. Normally it would be 5 days a week and around 40 or over hours a week. In a company like Barclays Bank PLC, a full time job would be a role like Senior Business Manager. http://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/senior-barclays-business-manager/23662381#/jobs/barclays/p2973 2. Part time: This type of job is where an employee works a few hours less than a full time job. Workers are considered a part time worker, when they work fewer than 30 or 35 hours per week. This type of job in Barclays could be a customer advisor, who works face to face with customers, whether it be to inform or give advice to the customer. http://gb.jobomas.com/customer-advisor-parttime-25-hours-per-week_iid_5205169?utm_source=trovit&utm_medium=xml&utm_campaign=xml&utm_content=xml-avisos 3. Seasonal/ Temporary: This type is when an employee is expected to leave an employer with a given period of time. Temporary employees can be called...
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