...CONFÉRENCE DES NATIONS UNIES SUR LE COMMERCE ET LE DÉVELOPPEMENT UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT World Investment Report 2013 Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development Country fact sheet: Pakistan (Millions of dollars and percentages) Foreign direct investment (FDI) overview, selected years FDI flows Pakistan Inward Outward Memorandum Bangladesh Inward Outward India Inward Outward South Asia Inward Outward Asia and Oceania Inward Outward Developing economies Inward Outward World Inward Outward 2005-2007 (Pre-crisis annual average) 2009 2010 2011 2012 as a percentage of gross fixed capital formation 2005-2007 2010 2011 2012 (Pre-crisis annual average) 4 021 84 2 338 71 2 022 47 1 327 62 847 73 16.1 0.3 8.3 0.2 5.5 0.3 3.4 0.3 768 9 17 766 11 501 25 631 12 015 296 342 162 585 452 023 238 224 1 490 966 1 534 429 1995 5 408 266 700 29 35 657 16 031 42 438 16 507 327 174 211 609 530 289 273 401 1 216 475 1 149 776 2009 17 673 1 851 913 15 21 125 15 933 28 726 16 383 403 626 284 673 637 063 413 220 1 408 537 1 504 928 2010 19 828 1 362 1 136 13 36 190 12 456 44 231 12 952 438 182 311 537 735 212 422 067 1 651 511 1 678 035 2011 20 916 1 401 990 53 25 543 8 583 33 511 9 219 408 924 308 742 702 826 426 082 1 350 926 1 390 956 2012 25 395 1 524 5.0 0.1 5.4 3.5 5.8 2.8 11.6 6.4 13.3 7.1 13.3 13.8 3.8 0.1 3.9 2.9 3.9 2.3 8.3 5.9 10.2 6.7 10.2 10.9 4.3 5.9 2.0 5.3...
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...The Report For Canadian Attractiveness For FDI Executive Summary The aim of this report is to assess Canadian attractiveness as a destination for foreign direct investment. It will adopt the Political Economy Analysis to discuss the benefits, risks and costs from Canadian political, economical and legal systems for FDI. It is stated that Canadian democratic systems prevent government from abusing power; market-oriented economic systems advocate innovation and property rights protection and its legal systems provide safeguards to property rights protection. Therefore, it believes that investing in Canada is a good choice. Since Canada is rich in natural resources and has rich human resources, it is recommended that Canada is appealing for firms which are doing business in the field of natural resources or high-technology. Table of Content Executive Summary 1 1. Introduction 4 2. Political Economy Analysis 5 2.1. Political System 5 2.2. Economical System 6 2.3. Legal System 8 3. Recommendation 9 4. Conclusion 9 References 10 Appendix 12 Table of Figures Figure 1 FDI Index 4 Figure 2 Protection Years 7 Figure 3 Net government debt as percent of GDP 8 1. Introduction Canada, with a population approximately 34 million people, is the second largest country in size after Russia (CIA, 2013). Canada is also one of the largest advanced economies in the world. In the respect to attracting FDI, it jumps 16 spots into 4th place (ATKearney, 2013). Figure 1 FDI Index Source: (ATKearney...
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...Situation Moritz Erhardt, a German summer intern at Bank of America Merrill Lynch died in his shower after 72 hours of consecutive work. He was an epileptic patient but the trigger of his seizure was (most probably) related with the long working hours. That such a thing happened was a matter of time. The working hours of interns and young graduates that want to prove themselves in investment banking or even banking in general is astonishing. The work-life balance of those fresh employees is non-existing. They perform brutal hours in order to be able to demonstrate themselves to get a full-time job or to be able to climb the ladder as fast as possible. They are merciless with their own bodies and do not know what the possible consequences are. The question concerning the long working hours was raised in court. “It depends on deadlines. Some of it is peer pressure. There is a general expectation in our profession.” said Juergen Schroeder an employee of the corporate finance department of Bank of America. “Being in the City is like being in a bubble. You throw yourself into it and forget about the rest of the world.” said a previous intern and now writer Polly Courtney. This demonstrates what the magic of the City does with people really wanting to obtain that unique position. Those long hours do not only lead to physical dysfunctions but also use of drugs and other related medicine, in order to be able to keep up with the work pace. After this sad story, Bank of America tackled the...
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...INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS THEMES AND ISSUES MMN222154-13- AB THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA BY AZUMONYE M. CHUKWUEMEKE S1344407 INTRODUCTION Over the years, the debate on the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) as a factor that induces economic growth has received the attention of policy makers, researchers and international organizations (Tumala et al, 2011). There is no denying that most countries strive to attract foreign direct investment (FD1) because of its putative advantages as a tool of economic development. Therefore, this essay seeks to ascertain the extent at which growth in foreign direct investments (FDIs) influences economic growth in Nigeria in the long-run and investigated the empirical relationship between FDI and privatization. Nigeria, after independence began with an economy that was mostly driven by the public sector. According to Tumala et al (2007), Nigerian Enterprises Promotion Decree (NEPD) of 1972 imposed several restrictions on FDI entry, thereby earning the tag „the indigenization policy‟. It reserved 22 business activities exclusively for Nigerians, including advertising, gaming, electronics manufacturing, basic manufacturing, road transport, bus and taxi services, the media and retailing and personal services. Foreign investment was permitted up to 60 per cent ownership and provided that the proposed enterprise had, based on 1972 data, share capital of N200, 000 ($300,000) or turnover...
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...sports brand, the brand’s history can backward to World War Ι, Herzogenaurach Germany, 1948 by Rudolf Dassler. The major products covered almost all sport items, such as sport shoes, wears, and other sports equipment. The brand PUMA is the leader of football shoes. Puma is Olympic sponsors and partner of World formula championship tournament. Today the group has more than 9,500 employees and distributes its products more than 120 countries. Group holds three major sport brands, which are PUMA, COBRA, and Tretorn in sport industry market.(Puma, 2013). Business process outsourcing (BPO) is the key issue of today’s multinational corporation (MNC), which is considered as high chance to find out more opportunities and reduce cost. The main advantage of Business process outsourcing is that, which makes firms more flexibility, in one hand, which can help MNCs to reduce the fixed cost, as transferring into variable cost. In another hand, BPO is considered to be a good way to focus on firm’s core competencies. In addition, this process also may increase the speed of business processes. Based on these factors, BPO may help MNCs grow faster without the huge capital requested. At the same time, this process also brings limitations for MNCs, such as the higher risk level, which could be caused by both privately or structure of firm. Risks and treats of outsourcing must therefore be managed, to achieve any benefits. 2.0 Investment Market Analysis Vietnam is viewed as a viable...
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...century, the UK was among the first country in the world to industrialize and during the next century it became one of the dominating countries in the global economy. (Martinez, 2013) In the turn of the century, the UK remains among the great economies of the world trailing behind the US and some European countries. In recent times, the UK service sector makes up the bulk of its GDP with London and Edinburgh as among the biggest and busiest financial centers in the world. Being an old country, UK is bursting with historic monuments, royal palaces museums and some of the world’s cherished heritage sites (UNESCO). Tourism is among the important income generating sectors in its economy with millions of tourist visiting the country from around the world making it a UK £127 billion a year industry and provides employment for about 3 million people ("Britain's tourism industry,”). The United Kingdom’s economic freedom has reached a score of 74.8, making its economy the 14th freest according to the 2013 Index of free economies. It scored 0.7 point higher than its last year’s ranking and reflects efforts to improve the control of government spending. In regional terms, the U.K. is graded 5th in the Europe region. (Kim, Miller , Holmes & Roberts, 2012). Image source: Berkshire - Reading Market Place showing Salmons Tea Warehouse. Demographics The United Kingdom is a very diverse society. The 2012 population statistic report released by the UK’s Office of National Statistics...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Objectives Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF) is the terms that often made headlines for their deals, their investments, their transparency and sometimes the lack of it. They hold the people’s money, hence the scrutiny from public eyes. They also have more aggressive risk appetite than the usual reserve manager of a country which uphold the liquidity, security, and profitability principals and that results in an even more detailed scrutiny to the SWF. The term SWF itself has first mentioned by Rozanov in 2005 when he wrote for Central Banking Journal1, but actually SWF have been around since before that. For example Government of Singapore Investment Corporation and Temasek Holdings, the two prominent SWF from Singapore have already been established in 1981 and 1974, respectively. SWF’s asset under management amount is also increasing overtime. Preqin estimated that the growth of asset is up from USD 3.07 trillion in December 2008 to USD 6.3 trillion in March 2015 as seen in Figure 1.1 Sovereign Wealth Fund Assets under Management2. Norway’s Government Pension Fund currently has the biggest asset among them which is amounting to USD 882 billion3. It is interesting to see whether the smaller counterparts from Asia also enjoys the rise in their asset as well. The objectives of this paper is to comprehend and appreciate the dynamics of smaller SWF from emerging and developing Asia (IMF definition)4. 1 Rozanov, Andrew, 2005. Who holds...
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...Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is a leading global bank and financial holding company, which was founded in 1869 by Marcus Goldman. The firm is headquartered in New York and maintains offices in all major financial centers around the world. It engages in “investment banking, institutional client services, investing and lending, and investment management” (“Annual Report”). As we all know, it is verycompetitiveinthe financial service industry. Goldman Sachs has many competitors, who are“brokers and dealers, investment banking firms,commercial banks, insurance companies, investmentadvisers, mutual funds, hedge funds,private equity fundsand merchant banks” (“Annual Report”). While many competitors have been put their emphasis on their money management operations, Goldman Sachs Asset Management (GSAM) have chosen “organic growth over growth by acquisition” (Bruno, 340). Overall, “GSAM's assets under management increased by roughly 19% for the year ended Feb. 28, according to a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All of the firm's asset classes increased, with equity up 26%, fixed income up 19%, alternatives up 19% and money market assets up 7%” (Bruno, 340). Goldman Sachs Group has “a 52 week low of $90.43 and a 52 week high of $159.00. The stock’s 50-day moving average is currently $144.5. The company has a market cap of $77.120 billion and a P/E ratio of 11.23” (Jones). This great success can be directly attributed to the company's sale...
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...Strategic Resource Management in Global Environments General Electric, or GE, is one of the most innovative companies in the world and leading U.S. manufacturing company that primarily specializes in the Engineering Industry. GE can trace their lineage back to when they were founded in 1892 with Thomas Edison as one of their four founders. In 1896, General Electric was one of the original 12 companies listed on the then newly formed Dow Jones Industrial Average and is the only company out of the 12 to still be listed on the Dow index. GE serves the entire world with operations in more than 140 countries across the globe with over 305,000 employees globally. With products from appliances to oil, GE remains one of the top engineering manufacturing companies in the world. In fact, when looking at the manufacturing industry as a whole, GE operates in three out of five categories as shown in the illustration. This can be contributing directly to their strategic resource management and strength in their intangible assets of their organization. This paper will address GE’s intangible assets and their impacts to their alignment in strategy in four countries of operation to include the U.S., Mexico, France, and Turkey (Fact, 2013; McKinsey, 2012). Human Capital Many organizations are now reliant on human capital to ensure their continued success and commitment to achieving the organization’s missions and objectives. For GE, the diversity is what helps drive innovation and success...
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...experiencing a negative trend for the last three years. Reasons and contributing factors for this state of affairs is highly essential. The present paper primarily deals with these aspects of insurance industry and a comparative analysis of both private and public sectors of life and non-life insurance industry. Four indicators-Premium incomes, Market Share, New Policies Issued and Claims Settlement Ratio-- have been used to analyze the performance of Insurance industry. Besides, an overview of share of Indian insurance industry in the global insurance industry and inter-state variations in insurance penetration and density in India have been presented to assess the current status of insurance industry in India. As observed by the World Insurance Report -2014, the insurance industry has to inquire into these basic indicators of performance measurement and initiate the...
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...Country Profile Series United Kingdom In-depth PESTLE insights PESTLE Country Analysis Report: United Kingdom REFERENCE CODE: ML00002-031 PUBLICATION DATE: May 2013 WWW.MARKETLINE.COM MARKETLINE. THIS PROFILE IS A LICENSED PRODUCT AND IS NOT TO BE PHOTOCOPIED ML00002-031/Published 05/2013 Page 1 © MarketLine. This report is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied OVERVIEW Catalyst This profile analyzes the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental (PESTLE) structure in the UK. Each of the PESTLE factors is explored on four parameters: current strengths, current challenges, future prospects, and future risks. Summary Key findings The UK has a strong democratic system, but differences between coalition partners in the incumbent government pose a challenge The UK adheres to a democratic, parliamentary system of governance known as the Westminster system. This system ensures adequate distribution of power between the executive branch led by the prime minister, the bicameral legislature and the judiciary. Growing ideological differences between the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats in the current government is making the coalition vulnerable. Tensions between pro-Europe Liberal Democrats and euroskeptic Conservatives continue to plague British politics. Further, conflicting views on issues such as welfare reforms, immigration and the economy are straining relations. The UK economy is developed, but rising government debt...
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...Scenario of Bangladesh Tourism Sector Bangladesh is endowed with so many natural beauties like sea beaches, park, forests, eco tourism, wild life sanctuaries, hill tracts areas, tea estates, and island etc. moreover, two international standard sea ports, hundreds of museums, have attracted people from all over the world. Bright historical background has blessed Bangladesh with so many historic places, heritages, monuments, historical buildings, and archaeological sites. Furthermore, picnic spots, bridges, amusement park, mosques, tombs, temples & monastery, and churches have made the country an ideal place for the tourists. Glory historic background and the combination of huge cultural ingredients welcome the interest group of education tours. Cheap labor, huge potentiality and availability of raw materials attract people of business tourism. Bishwa Ijtema, tombs and other pilgrim spots have encouraged people of religious tourism. Moreover, good medical services have invented people of medical tourism. Bangladesh is a new tourist destination on the map on the world. Bangladesh has enormous potential to develop tourism because of its attractive natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Tourism can add value in the Bangladeshi economy if proper marketing plan and strategy can be built and implemented for this purpose. However, this industry fails to reach its destination due to adequate marketing practices. Bangladesh has archaeological, natural, ecological, cultural and...
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...The World Bank issued its biannual Global Economic Prospects report Tuesday, sharply downgrading its forecast for economic growth from its previous report released last June. The Washington-based international lending agency projected an expansion of the world economy in 2013 of only 2.4 percent, down from its forecast six months ago of 3.0 percent. The bank said the global gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 2.3 percent in 2012, downwardly revised from its June estimate of 2.5 percent. It predicted that the world economy would grow by 3.1 percent in 2014 and 3.3 percent in 2015. These projected rates, lower than the bank’s June estimates, are insufficient to significantly reduce near-Depression-level jobless rates in the US and much of Europe or stem the spread of poverty. The report demonstrates that more than four years after the September 2008 financial meltdown on Wall Street, there is no end in sight to the economic crisis. It points as well to the extent to which the economic policies pursued by governments and central banks around the world have benefited the wealthiest social layers at the expense of working people. This is summed up in one set of statistics presented in the report. While economic growth has stalled or turned negative in much of the world since the bank released its previous report in June, stock prices have soared. Stock markets in the so-called “developing countries” are up by 12.6 percent over the past six months, while equity markets in the “high-income”...
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... write a short report on the advantages and disadvantages of international trade for the countries whose data you downloaded recently. You are required to illustrate your report with data and charts. I) Introduction: “The international trade is the exchange of goods, services and capital between countries” (Haekal, 2012). Trade exists for centuries but had known an international dimension with the globalisation. In this report, we will see some advantages and disadvantages of the international trade, through the examples of two countries: France and Italy. II) The advantages of trade: It exists many advantages to the international trade. We will see three of them, which are, meet the need of the country, create jobs and attract foreign investments in the country. 1) Meeting the need of the country: By open its economy to the world, a country increase...
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...a purpose to give a strategic advice to 3M’s current CFO D.W. Meline how to manage 3M’s future exposure of the foreign exchange rate risk. In doing so, the overall profile of the company is discussed; the current foreign exchange risk management instruments are described; and conclusions are drawn, followed by recommendations. International Risk Management: An Analysis of 3M’s Foreign Risk Management International Risk Management: An Analysis of 3M’s Foreign Risk Management Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 1. Description Historical Exchange Rates 6 2. Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk 10 2.1. Current Strategy to Manage Exchange Rate Risk 10 2.1.1. Cash Flow Hedging 10 2.1.2. Net investment hedging 13 2.2. Currency Translation Effects on Business Segments 14 3. Appreciating and Depreciation of Domestic Currency and Foreign Exchange Rate Risk Management 15 3.1. 3M’s Domestic and International Transactions 15 3.2. Appreciation of the Domestic Currency 17 3.3. Depreciation of the Domestic Currency 17 4. Implications of 3M’s Derivatives 18 4.1. Forward and Futures Contracts 18 4.2. Options 19 4.3....
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