...George Orwell’s dystopian novel, “1984”, depicts a society of which the fictional symbol, Big Brother, is the totalitarian leader, and the single party controls everything. Big Brother and the party have instilled the idea that, “Who controls the past controls the future; who controls the present controls the past”, meaning that the past can be altered to one's desire, in this case to Big Brother’s. Winston, the protagonist of the novel, works at the Ministry of truth in the records department, where he, with many others, has to alter information from the past, in magazines and newspapers, so it always supports the party line, as Big Brother and the party must never be wrong. Unlike everyone else, brainwashed by the party, Winston realises...
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...TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site TermPaperWarehouse.com is completely free! Simply donate one essay to the site to create your account. It only takes five minutes to create an account and you'll have instant access to the site Concept Map What is a Concept Map? Concept maps, developed by Joseph D. Novak [Novak & Gowin, 1984], are two-dimensional representations of a set...
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...nature and mottled definitions have formed the basis of organisational study for many decades. From Handy's cultural forms in the notorious "Gods of Management"3, to the Morganest metaphoric representations of the concept such as, culture as a web, an onion, or an iceberg6. Therefore, the contents of culture encompasses a wide range of organisational phenomena including surface features such as values and forms of expression: preconscious factors such as symbols and norms: and deep structures such as basic assumptions and worldviews (Pettigrew 1979; Frost et al 1985)7. They all imply that culture is an integral part of organisations, that without due consideration, development of strategy will ultimately lead to failure, leading to the assumption that culture should always fit with organisational strategy. Revenaugh2 suggests that most researchers assume that corporate culture is an important consideration for understanding and effectively managing organisations, and thus supports that argument. Bringing me to the purpose of this essay, which is to explore the context of organisational culture in more depth and come to a more discernable conclusion about its relationship with strategic management. As a result of its wide and varying definitions, corporate culture can be hard to define, measure or manage; these definitions reveal culture to be a complex concept that involves many factors as suggested by numerous academics such as Pettigrew5. Thompson and Strickland (1987) offer this...
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...Banks, J.A., Banks, & McGee, C. A. (1989). Multicultural education. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. "Most social scientists today view culture as consisting primarily of the symbolic, ideational, and intangible aspects of human societies. The essence of a culture is not its artifacts, tools, or other tangible cultural elements but how the members of the group interpret, use, and perceive them. It is the values, symbols, interpretations, and perspectives that distinguish one people from another in modernized societies; it is not material objects and other tangible aspects of human societies. People within a culture usually interpret the meaning of symbols, artifacts, and behaviors in the same or in similar ways." Damen, L. (1987). Culture Learning: The Fifth Dimension on the Language Classroom. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. "Culture: learned and shared human patterns or models for living; day- to-day living patterns. these patterns and models pervade all aspects of human social interaction. Culture is mankind's primary adaptive mechanism" (p. 367). Hofstede, G. (1984). National cultures and corporate cultures. In L.A. Samovar & R.E. Porter (Eds.), Communication Between Cultures. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. "Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another." (p. 51). Kluckhohn, C., & Kelly, W.H. (1945). The concept of culture. In R. Linton (Ed.). The Science of Man in the World Culture. New York. (pp. 78-105)...
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...the new country prompted many of these immigrants to settle down in the place the first set down. These immigrants came from various parts of Italy they were scattered all around the US. This paper will look at the common menu of those Italian migrants and look at how it has involved in the community that is now known as the Italian-American. This essay will mainly try to address the significant issues of the process of ethnic identity. This paper will argue that the role of family is very important in advocating ethnic identity. The influence of a very rigid and traditional family institution helped the Italian immigrants whom in the end were known as Italian American to maintain their identity. This is fascinating because despite undergoing changes from generations to generations their tradition is still very much alive and important to them. The paper will further argue this point by looking, the transmission of ethnic consciousness amongst the Italian American. Last but not least we will look at the maintenance of ethnic group boundaries and most importantly, the role of food in such process. Overall, this essay aims to look at the evolution of the Italian migrants in America and how this has affected their everyday food. This paper will articulate all the forwarded arguments and try to answer the main question of whether Americanization disintegrated the original Italian culture and traditions amongst the migrants or have their community managed to stand...
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...in the new country prompted many of these immigrants to settle down in the place the first set down. These immigrants came from various parts of Italy they were scattered all around the US. This paper will look at the common menu of those Italian migrants and look at how it has involved in the community that is now known as the Italian-American. This essay will mainly try to address the significant issues of the process of ethnic identity. This paper will argue that the role of family is very important in advocating ethnic identity. The influence of a very rigid and traditional family institution helped the Italian immigrants whom in the end were known as Italian American to maintain their identity. This is fascinating because despite undergoing changes from generations to generations their tradition is still very much alive and important to them. The paper will further argue this point by looking, the transmission of ethnic consciousness amongst the Italian American. Last but not least we will look at the maintenance of ethnic group boundaries and most importantly, the role of food in such process. Overall, this essay aims to look at the evolution of the Italian migrants in America and how this has affected their everyday food. This paper will articulate all the forwarded arguments and try to answer the main question of whether Americanization disintegrated the original Italian culture and traditions amongst the migrants or have their community managed to stand by...
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...Family Unit 5 Essay Assignment The role of children has evolved over the course of decades and differs greatly from one culture to the next. Some cultures place the child on a pedestal and raise them together as a community while others see them as members that owe their live and service to the overall function of the family as a whole. Most cultures historically viewed children as property of their parents or adults in the home and depended heavily on their instruction and their care to survive. “The concept of childhood is recent. Historically, parents were free to kill children, sell them into slavery, maim them, or abandon them. Children might even be used in sacrifices as in the biblical account of Abraham’s intent to sacrifice his son Isaac.” (Crosson-Tower, 2013) Other biblical references include a scripture from Proverbs paraphrased commonly as “spare the rod and spoil the child” which is often used to support one’s opinion on the corporal punishment of children. The way parents choose to discipline their children can be shaped and developed at an early age in their own youth or by their ability or inability to cope in their roles as an adult and as a parent. The outcome and treatment of children also fares on the outcome and state of their parents lives. Neglect and abuse can be side effects of trouble and problems in and outside the home. Symbolic Interactionism is a social theory that uses symbols to explain the way people view the world. Symbols are developed...
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...SURREALISM Appreciation of Art/Craft/Design 2011 Introduction Everybody has concept about Surrealism. But not everybody knows, how and why it has got art movement, when an artist is part of a movement like Surrealism, I ask a question for myself "Did Surrealism enter to our century?", if yes - "How?". In this essay I’ll discuss about social, economic and political influences of the time when movement born, what influenced this movement and what subsequent influence did this movement have on others? Also I discussion about of one artist who made major contribution to Surrealism - Salvador Dali (1904 - 1989) and try discuss about his artwork "Metamorphosis of Narcissus". Social, economic and political influences of time "Surrealism, was officially born in 1924 in Paris and had virtually become a global phenomenon by the time of it demise in the later 1940s" (Hopkins, 2004, p.15). It was difficult time for all world. Two wars: World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945), Europe, as well as the United States, Canada, Australia, and Japan, would experience the effects of the Great Depression. "The early 20th century was a period of tumultuous change. The First World War and the Russian Revolution profoundly altered people’s understanding of their worlds. The discoveries of Freud and Einstein, and the technological innovations of the Machine Age, radically transformed human awareness" (Hopkins, 2004, p.20). Art movement - Surrealism There is an opinion...
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...UNDERWOOD S E R I E S E D I T O R S : W. GEIGER ELLIS, ED.D., ARTHEA J. S. REED, PH.D., UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, EMERITUS and UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, RETIRED A Teacher’s Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth 2 INTRODUCTION William Shakespeare developed many stories into excellent dramatizations for the Elizabethan stage. Shakespeare knew how to entertain and involve an audience with fast-paced plots, creative imagery, and multi-faceted characters. Macbeth is an action-packed, psychological thriller that has not lost its impact in nearly four hundred years. The politically ambitious character of Macbeth is as timely today as he was to Shakespeare's audience. Mary McCarthy says in her essay about Macbeth, "It is a troubling thought that Macbeth, of all Shakespeare's characters, should seem the most 'modern,' the only one you could transpose into contemporary battle dress or a sport shirt and slacks." (Signet Classic Macbeth) Audiences today quickly become interested in the plot of a blindly ambitious general with a strong-willed wife who must try to cope with the guilt engendered by their murder of an innocent king in order to further their power. The elements of superstition, ghosts, and witchcraft, though more readily a part of everyday life for the Renaissance audience, remain intriguing to modern teenagers. The action-packed plot, elements of the occult, modern characterizations, and themes of import to today's world make...
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...Essay The Frontier Myth ------------------------------------------------- “Up to our own day American history has been in a large degree the history of the colonization of the Great West. The existence of an area of free land, its continuous recession, and the advance of American settlement westward explain American development. (…)American social development has been continually beginning over again on the frontier. This perennial rebirth, this fluidity of American life, this expansion westward with its new opportunities, its continuous touch with the simplicity of primitive society, furnish the forces dominating American character.” Source: http://www.learner.org/workshops/primarysources/corporations/docs/turner.html Frederick Jackson Turner The Frontier is a prominent symbol of American culture. Although it intimidated the colonists and later Americans, it did not prevent them from spreading. What drove them was “the idea of unlimited free land, a sense of unlimited opportunity and optimism”1. The idea of the frontier was significant in American culture between 1860 and 1893 because it was considered by many to be “the last frontier.” “Since the beginning of the European settlements, westward expansion had always served as an inspiration to those dreaming to start a new life.”1 With the last of the frontier being absorbed into civilization, its importance to the American people rose more than ever. Frederick Jackson Turner said that this closing of the frontier “marks...
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...“Shooting an Elephant” Discussion/Activity 1) The first sentence of this essay is "In Moulmein, in lower Burma, I was hated by large numbers of people- the only time in my life that I have been important enough for this to happen to me." What does he mean when he says he was "important enough" to be hated? When Orwell says he was “important enough” to be hated, the position that Orwell stood in as a British police officer, gave the citizens a reason to hate him he was part of the British who had conquered their land and took over them. The fact that he was an officer at that time put him in an important class, but he was being hated for the importance he carried. 2) Discuss the following passage with your group and what it tells us about Orwell's conflicted feelings towards empires/imperialism and the people who have been colonized. Underline or highlight specific words and phrases that Orwell uses to show his conflicted feelings. Overall, how would you describe the TONE of this passage? All this was perplexing and upsetting. For at that time I had already made up my mind that imperialism was an evil thing and the sooner I chucked up my job and got out of it the better. Theoretically—and secretly, of course—I was all for the Burmese and all against their oppressors, the British. As for the job I was doing, I hated it more bitterly than I can perhaps make clear. In a job like that you see the dirty work of Empire at close quarters. The wretched prisoners huddling...
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...James Crarer 12EUC709 - The Russian Empire The Russian Empire Essay “In what ways did Peter the Great’s reforms transform the concept of the Empire?” Peter the Great’s reforms are widely considered to be one of the most defining moments in Russian history. Beginning as an effort to modernize the country’s military, as the era progressed the reforms expanded, instigating economic development, governmental modernization, intellectual reorientation and social reconstruction.1 The injection of European practices into Russia arguably set the precedence for the onslaught of a top down modernization that has since been a trait of Russian state development, as well as illuminating the beginning of the transition into a form of Russian modernity. The geographical historian Dennis Shaw, reiterates this by suggesting Peter exposed Russia “to the ideas of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution. Building on the achievements of his father, Peter launched a thoroughgoing reform or modernization of his realm with the aim of transforming it into a major European state.”2 In order to comprehend this transformation of the Russian empire, an appreciation of meaning of the term ‘empire’ is required. Stephen Howe suggests that ‘an empire is a large, composite, multiethnic or multinational political unit, usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant center and subordinate, sometimes far distant, peripheries.’3 While Howe’s definition provides a coherent basis from which...
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...Role of Mathematics in Economics Article authored during M.A. degree between 1987-1989. Introduction Traditionally, application of mathematics had been restricted to the physical sciences, and the theories in the social sciences had been neglected, but in these days we notice that mathematical economics is flying high. We also observe that the articles on mathematical economics and fewer points on economic theory, occupy more prominent place in the economics journals. Arguments given in the favor of mathematics look attractive in the first instance but they are not free of problems. It is argued by many economists that mathematical models are recognized in providing a rational approach to solving many of the problems in decision making, allocation, and forecasting1. Mathematical models present theoretical work in their own language, which is a tool of communication, but we know that a language must be simple and easily understood to be appreciated, but as a language, mathematics is not simple and easy. In this paper, an attempt is made to discourage the excessive use of mathematics in economics, by describing its drawbacks in the economic theory. Attention is given to the scientific nature of the economics. In the beginning some definitions are given and comparison between different models are given, to develop an understanding in the subject. Mathematisation of Economics The major development of the second quarter of 20th century in the field of economics was the mathematization...
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...Discuss how Charles Chauvel’s ‘Jedda’ is a product of, and placed within, the Australian film industry at the time of its production. (What was this period like and what influence did this period have on the selected film?) How might Aborigines find truer representation in Australian film and other popular cultural mediums? By Danielle Gold Charles Chauvel’s ‘Jedda,’ (1955) is a film firmly placed within the dominant ideology of its time, limited by the otherness of its chosen subject matter. As a medium of cultural production, film has a necessary relationship with the hegemony of its own culture; sometimes progressive and other times simply perpetuating. As a representation of the debate over the ethics and feasibility of assimilation, ‘Jedda’ reflects the failed premise of its time, the hierarchical approach to culture and civilization perpetuated by white Europeans. Despite this hamartia it has been applauded with “the only dignified Aboriginal male lead that has been allowed to exist in a film made by white directors in Australia,” (Johnson, 1987:48) what is certainly a progressive allowance (though the word is problematic). It has become evident that true representation of the Aborigine in Australian popular culture is dependent on undoing the dualistic understanding that establishes their otherness. Culture is a discourse of common iconography. Signifiers of language, appearance, values, history, cuisine, beliefs… are inscribed, developed and perpetuated...
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...Give a critical account of the approach taken by any one or two Modern writers depiction of urban life ‘Why do I dramatise London so perpetually’ Woolf wondered in the final months of her life. This essay will seek to examine Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway and Eliot’s The Waste Land to observe their perpetual fascination with expressing metropolis as a vision of modernity. It will attempt to scrutinize the overwhelming nature of urban life, urban life’s effect on humanity, metropolis being the forefront of society, and also the depiction of a single urban consciousness. Through examining these depictions of urban life, this essay aims to observe the effects rapid urbanisation had on the modern movement and its respective authors. Woolf presents Mrs Dalloway’s consciousness as a vessel to voice the overwhelming nature of urban life and the problem of anxiety experienced in modern metropolis. Immediately in the first paragraph Clarissa’s anxieties are voiced as she embarks to the city to prepare for her party. Clarissa’s consciousness jumps to her memory of a ‘girl of eighteen’ and the solemn and ‘feeling that something awful was about to happen’. The contrast to her feeling of excitement to a feeling of anxiety is stark. The protagonist begins by exclaiming ‘how fresh how calm’ and then to experiencing feeling threatened as her attention reverts from the natural to the ‘uproar of the carriages, motor cars, omnibuses, vans… she loved; life; London’. Woolf plunges the reader into...
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