...Paul Mason EN-101 Novemeber 21st, 2012 Destruction of Dresden and Hiroshima In World War II, the American and British allies often used the method of bombing other countries in order to advance; the usage of incendiary bombs, and even atomic bombs, were common occurrences. However, two main bombings that resulted in utter despair and the highest death counts were in Dresden, a city in Germany, and Hiroshima, a city in Japan. While tactics such as bombing counted to most people as acceptable actions within war, the motivation behind these particular attacks may not have been strong enough to account for the deaths of thousands, and it is a controversy still prevalent today. Kurt Vonnegut, an author held prisoner of war in Dresden, discusses his experience and knowledge gained from the Dresden firestorm in his novel Slaughterhouse Five, which alludes to the point that all bombings such as these, are unnecessary. Late at night on February 13, 1945, the city of Dresden experienced a horrific massacre that would result in the death of the inhabitants of almost the entire city, done by the Royal and American air forces. Due to what the Americans and British refer to as, “negative intelligence,” at that time, to them Dresden was known to be “an important industrial area, producing electric motors, precision instruments, chemicals, and munitions,” (Irving, 69). It was supposedly a center for communication and transportation, containing German postal and telegraph systems...
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...Crawford Peyton Disasters and History Clark 11/24/14 The nuclear blast at Chernobyl in 1986 was obviously disastrous, with four hundred times more radioactive material released into the atmosphere than by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, but the effects of the already catastrophic event were only exacerbated by the fact that the Soviet government itself had no idea the extent to which the explosion would affect them, as well as their desire to keep some crucial information undisclosed. While the area directly around the Chernobyl power plant was being evacuated within thirty six hours of the incident, many laborers who took part in the clean-up effort, both firefighters and helicopter pilots, died quickly of radiation poisoning. It was not until two days after the incident that a formal report was sent to Moscow, the Soviet Capital. While they claimed that they were evacuating citizens, they were actually only transporting them to other contaminated zones, as they didn't know the vast expanse of land that was affected by the Chernobyl Disaster. Essentially, the mishandling of the situation was due to efforts by the Soviet government to downplay the disaster—as evidenced by their propaganda statements such as “the accident is under control”—as well as a genuine misunderstanding as to just how harmful such an incident would prove to be. ` Perhaps more importantly than the effects that the government had on the disaster, were the effects that the disaster had on the Soviet...
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...------------------------------------------------- Hachikō Monogatari (ハチ公物語?, "Hachikō monogatari") is a Japanese language film starring Tatsuya Nakadai, Kaoru Yachigusa, Mako Ishino, andMasumi Harukawa. The film, directed by Seijirō Kōyama, is a tragic, true story about Hachikō, an Akita dog who was loyal to his master, Professor Ueno, even after Ueno's death. The film was released in 1987 and was the top Japanese film at the box office that year. Hachikō Monogatari is a melodramatic film that tells the true story of friendship, trust, and affection of Japan's most faithful dog "Hachi", whose bronze statue, to this day, stands watch over Shibuya Station, Tokyo. kaneto Shindo (新藤 兼人 Shindō Kaneto?, April 22, 1912 – May 29, 2012)was a Japanese film director, screenwriter, film producer, and author. He directed 48 films and wrote scripts for 238.[1] His best known films as a director include Children of Hiroshima, The Naked Island, Onibaba,Kuroneko and A Last Note. His scripts were filmed by such directors as Kon Ichikawa,Keisuke Kinoshita, Fumio Kamei andTadashi Imai. Shindo was born in Hiroshima Prefecture, and he made several films about Hiroshima and the atomic bomb.[2] Like his early mentor Kenji Mizoguchi, many of his films feature strong female characters. He was a pioneer of independent film production in Japan, founding a company called Kindai Eiga Kyokai. He continued working as a scriptwriter, director and latterly author until his death at the age of 100. Shindo made a...
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...weight of 69,610 pounds. The B-29 has a top speed of 365 miles per hour, and a cruising speed of 220 miles per hour. It was also armed with twelve .50-caliber machine guns, one 20 mm cannon, a 20,000-pound bomb load, and carried a crew of ten. The first prototype made its maiden flight from Boeing Field in Seattle, WA on September 21, 1942. In the beginning, manufacturing an airworthy B-29 Superfortress proved to be a difficult task. Changes to the production craft came so often and so quickly that in early 1944, B-29’s flew from the production lines directly to United States Air Force modification depots for extensive rebuilds, and to incorporate the latest changes. By the end of 1943, just over 100 B-29’s were delivered, and only fifteen percent were airworthy. General Hap Arnold had a plan to resolve the problem, with production personnel being sent from the factories to the modification centers to speed modification. 150 aircraft were airworthy six weeks. The B-29 Superfortress revolutionized World War II-era bombers, enabling long-range missions over Japan. The "super bomber" could carry more payload and fly faster than the Army's B-17 or B-24 heavy bombers. B-29’s were primarily used in the Pacific theater during World War II. As many as 1,000 Superfortresses at a time bombed Tokyo, destroying large parts of the city. On August 6, 1945, the B-29 Enola Gay dropped the world's first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later a second B-29, Bockscar, dropped another...
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...build his strength. With training from his brother, he improves and competes in different running events in the Olympics. Most notably, he broke the record of the final lap in the 5000 meter dash by over ten seconds. Although this is left out in the movie, Hitler himself comments on Zamperini’s performance. Later, he enlists in the Air Force and becomes a pilot of the Green Hornet, a B-24 plane that even looks like it’s destined for a terrible crash. After it does crash, only Zamperini, Mac (Finn Wittrock), and Phil (Domhnall Gleeson) survive. They are shot at by the Japanese as they are squeezed into a pitiful raft, where they face starvation, sharks, and more for 47 days. Then, with Mac dead, Zamperini and Phil become prisoners of war. Mutsuhiro “the Bird” Watanabe (played by Miyavi) is the sadistic and psychotic Japanese corporal that fixates on Zamperini because of his history as an athlete and status as an officer. Life in the war camp ends after the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the men are spotted by an American plane. The movie doesn’t go into much detail about life after the war, although the book covers a lot more of that time. As the movie is structured with flashbacks, sometimes his memories of his early history can compete with the war scenes and the emotional victory can overshadow his current pain rather than contrast it. With action, drama, and historical accuracy, the film is geared towards all kinds of people with all kinds of preferences. It is not...
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...times more powerful than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima and has rendered the entire site barren for another 200 years at least. | 800,000 men risked their lives by exposing themselves to radiation in order to contain the situation. 25,000 of these have died and 70,000 are disabled.20% of those deaths were suicides. According to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), 28 of the workers at Chernobyl died in the four months following the accident. | Since then, thousands of kids have been diagnosed with thyroid cancer, and an almost 20-mile area around the plant remains off-limits. Reactor No. 4 has been sealed off in a large, concrete sarcophagus that is slowly deterioratingThe environmental group Greenpeace places the eventual death toll at 93,000 cancer deaths worldwide. More than 5 million people live in areas that are considered to be "contaminated" with radioactive material from the accident | Some people have returned to the affected area with their families in order to take advantage of the government's compensation benefit.Late in 1986, Union Carbide filed a lengthy court document in India detailing the findings of its scientific and legal investigations into the cause of the gas release | March 24, 1989 | Exxon Valdez | American oil tanker Exxon Valdez hit Bligh Reef in remote Alaska. The impact released 11 million gallons of oil and polluted the coastline for 500 miles in Alaskan seawaters. The incident happened after ship captain Joseph...
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...The Gamer Group | Martial Traditions and Culture | How war defines a people. | By way of Introduction People and their culture can very accurately be identified by how they wage war. Every culture that has survived the pages of history has had some sort of military tradition—and no two cultures fight their wars in the same way. In this paper, we hope to explore some well known countries and how their martial traditions describe their culture. Great Britain The first country that comes to mind when we think of sophistication is Britain, with their rules of engagement and their ways of acting as if to say “I’m better than you.” They resemble snobbish aristocrats with their pinkies in the air when they drink tea, or only marry other people of substantial worth. But their actions of sophistication extend beyond their everyday day lives and proceed into their ways of battle and fighting wars. When a man is offended by another man, or feels threatened, it was customary to approach that man, and openly challenge him to a duel that would most often lead to the other man’s death. These duels were scheduled, place and time where established, and honor was defended, rather than simply striking the man down where he stood. Soldiers during war would stand in open fields opposite their opponent and the two would take turns firing on one another rather than the obvious tactics of hiding from the enemy and at least seeking shelter. But this was the sophisticated way of doing things...
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...Designing of this aircraft started long before the United States involvement in World War II. The aim was to make a ‘Hemisphere Defense Weapon’ from Boeing model 345 as per the requirement of USAAC in February 1940. Two prototypes were ordered by USAAF. The first one was flown on 2nd September 1942 after working on the prototypes for two years. By the time of first flight, nearly 1700 B-29 were ordered. Its first official operation was carried out on the target in japan. It also carried out Extensive minelaying Japanese waters. Two B-29’s brought the war to its dramatic end with the dropping of an Atom bomb on Hiroshima and...
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...tragedy… After the tragedy… MV Doña Paz Origin of the Vessel: The MV Doña Paz was a Philippine-registered passenger ferry that sank after colliding with the MT Vector on December 20, 1987. With a possible death toll of 4,375 people, the collision resulted in the deadliest peacetime maritime disaster in history. Doña Paz was traveling from Leyte Island to Manila, the country's capital. Passenger ferries like the Doña Paz are widely used in the Philippines, an archipelago in Southeast Asia comprising over 7,000 islands. They are among the cheapest and most popular ways to travel. The Doña Paz was built in 1963 by Onomichi Zosen of Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan, and was originally named Himeyuri Maru. During the time it plied Japanese waters, it had a passenger capacity of 608 people. In 1975, it was sold to Sulpicio Lines, a Filipino operator of a fleet of passenger ferries. It was renamed by Sulpicio Lines as the Don Sulpicio, and later, the Doña Paz. One month before the accident, the vessel had undergone dry docking. At the time of its sinking, the Doña Paz was plying the route of : Manila → Tacloban → Catbalogan → Manila → Catbalogan → Tacloban → Manila. History and Background: The Doña Paz had an official passenger list of 1,493 with a crew of 59 on board. But later media investigations showed that the list did not include as many as 1,000 children below the age of four and many passengers who paid their fare after boarding. The ship was...
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...I. The Philippines and WWII II. II. Japanese Occupation and the Second Philippine Republic III. Battles for Liberation The Philippines and WWII The Philippines and the WWII Philippines prepares for war. On July 26, 1941, Lt. Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Military Adviser to the Philippine commonwealth, was asked by President Theodore Roosevelt to take command of the newly formed United States Armed Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). The Japanese era started December 8, 1941 (10 hours after the bombing on Pearl Harbor, which is the strongest U.S Base in Hawaii) December 10, 1941, the Japanese successfully breached Luzon. December 20, Japanese forces landed in Davao. First Japanese attack in Visayas was on December 18. MacArthur ordered the military supplies of USAFFE to Corregidor and Bataan. On December 23, Gen. MacArthur put into effect the secret military plan WPO-3 (War Plan Orange No.3) On December 24, 1941, President Quezon moved to Corregidor where the Commonwealth Government was transferred. On December 26, Gen. MacArthur declared Manila an “Open City.” On December 30, 1941, President Quezon and VP Osmenia took oath for the second inaugural ceremonies of the Commonwealth. On January 2, 1942, Japanese entered Manila in a bloodless occupation. President Roosevelt ordered President Quezon to go to US to serve as a Philippine government-in-exile. He left Corregidor by submarine on February 20. Heroisms: Mess Sergeant Jose Calugas...
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...Syllabus College of Humanities HIS/125 U.S. History 1865 to 1945 Professor Jewell gjjewell@email.phoenix.edu 843-863-0102 Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides an overview of the social, political, economic, and global events affecting U.S. history from the Civil War through World War II. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Schultz, K. M. (2012). HIST2, volume 2 (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Reconstruction and the New South Details Objectives 1.1 Evaluate the outcomes of Reconstruction. 1.2 Summarize the economic, political, and social characteristics of the New South. 1.3 Explain the populist response to late 19th-century developments. Read the course description and objectives. Read the instructor’s biography and post your own. Read Ch. 16 of HIST2, Volume 2. Read pp. 318–325 in Ch. 19 of HIST2...
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...Chernobyl On April 26th 1986 the largest nuclear disaster, in the history of man, took place in Chernobyl, Ukraine 100Km north of Kiev. The disaster has been attributed to faulty reactor design, a lack of safety culture, and human error. The environmental ramifications from this disaster will be felt in this area for centuries to come. It is important to note that the RBMK-1000 reactors that were in use at the Chernobyl NPP were similar to the reactors used by the United States to make the fissile material for the nuclear bombs used on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. This type of reactor was common in the early 1940’s and 1950’s in the US, but represented extremely antiquated technology for the 1980’s. This was partly due to the USSR isolating themselves both physically and politically from the rest of the world. On the night of April 26th 1986 the number 4 reactor was to be shut down for routine maintenance. It was decided to take advantage of this shutdown to determine whether, in the event of a loss of station power, the slowing turbine could provide enough electrical power to operate the main core cooling water circulating pumps, until the diesel emergency power supply became operative. The aim of the test was to determine whether cooling of the core could continue to be ensured in the event of a loss of power. This test had been carried out the previous year, but the power to the turbine ran down too rapidly, so new voltage regulator designs were to be tested. By noon...
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...CHAPTER World War II 24 Learning Outcomes After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following: LO 1 Explain the various causes of World War II. LO 2 Explain America’s foreign policy that developed after World War I and that was in place at the beginning of World War II, and describe how that policy changed as the war progressed. LO 3 Describe the events of World War II, both in Europe and in the Pacific, and explain why the United States acted as it did throughout the conflict. LO 4 Describe and discuss the American home front during World War II, paying special attention to long-term societal changes. LO 5 Explain how World War II was brought to an end, both in Europe and in the Pacific, and discuss the immediate aftermath of the war both in America and around the world. 9781133438212, HIST2, Volume 2, Kevin M. Schultz - © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. No distribution allowed without express authorization Just as World War II transformed the world, it also transformed the United States’s role in world affairs. “ ” If the New Deal could not end the Great Depression, a world war would. Beginning in the late 1930s, talk of war became more insistent and The Second World War can be seen as an energizing urgent in Europe. The finanevent in American history rather than a destructive one. cial uncertainty of the worldStrongly Disagree Strongly Agree wide depression had created 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 political vulnerabilities that...
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...Aviation and the Military | 30 November2011 | By: Michelle Hays | How the development of Aviation shaped our early twentieth Century Military | On 17 December 1903, just outside of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, Orville and Wilbur Wright made a major impact on history when they successfully launched the first motorized airplane; not only on our society as a whole but also the United States military and the way wars would be fought forever. Because of this one specific day in history the Wright brothers are accredited for the first of countless days in our history that we contribute what we know today as aviation. On that one day, the brothers sustained a total of four flights with only a small twelve horse power engine with the longest flight lasting a mere fifty-nine seconds at a distance of 852 feet. On the fourth flight of the day, Flyer 1 tumbled and crashed. Obviously not all was lost, history was made and inventions in the aviation industry began to grow. The historical first flight by Orville and Wilbert Wright did not make the front page news; it was very trivial headlines at the time. For instance, page ten of the Washington Times article dated 19 December 1903 in column four, High Gale No Bar to Flying Machine. The article described the flying machine and how the brothers got off the ground. The New York Tribune 19 December 1903 also had a small article but not until page five; Flying Machine Works Successful Trial by Ohio Men with Machine on Box Kite Plan...
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...The Asian Games, officially known as Asiad,[clarification needed] is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The Games were regulated by the Asian Games Federation (AGF) from the first Games in New Delhi, India, until the 1978 Games. Since the 1982 Games they have been organized by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), after the breakup of the Asian Games Federation.[1] The Games are recognized by the International Olympic Committee(IOC) and are described as the second largest multi-sport event after the Olympic Games.[2][3] In its history, nine nations have hosted the Asian Games. 46 nations have participated in the Games, including Israel, which was excluded from the Games after their last participation in 1974. The last Asian Games was held in Guangzhou, People's Republic of China from 12 November to 27 November 2010. The next Games will be held in Incheon, South Korea. Contents [hide] * 1 History * 1.1 Prior formation * 1.2 Formation * 1.3 Crisis, reorganization, expansion * 1.4 Future changes * 2 Participation * 3 Sports * 4 Medal count * 5 Samsung MVP award * 6 List of Asian Games * 7 See also * 8 References * 9 External links | ------------------------------------------------- [edit]History [edit]Prior formation Before the Asian Games were held, there was a gathering known as the Far Eastern Games which was first mooted in 1912 between Empire of Japan, thePhilippine Islands and China. The...
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