...Introduction In order to obtain an impression of how culture possibly affects the businesses, it is reasonable to have a closer look at the differences among cultures. The representation of business culture is not only, multidimensional but also a socially constructed theory. It reflects how the members of various organizations accomplish their goals and work with commitment for the organization. An analysis of business culture is essential as it defines the set of values, beliefs, assumptions of the employees belonging to diverse organizations. Our analysis of the cultural shaping of people from Germany and Russia reveals a large cultural distance between the two countries. There are a number of models, which facilitate the comparison of...
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...Robert Gordon University Aberdeen Business School Contemporary HRM 1007520 International Tourism Management Year 3 Submission deadline: 3rd May 2013 Lecturers Responsible: Allison Abbott and Kirstine Collins Module Number: BS2104 Word Count: 2179 Executive summary The subject of this report is the ‘war for talent’ phenomenon and its implication on talent management practices. Its first section presents the aim and objectives and the utilised methods of research. In the second chapter called ‘What is talent’, various definitions from different angles are provided for a better understanding of the main topic of the report. The third chapter analyses the ‘war for talent’ concept with both pro and con academic arguments. The fourth section defines talent management as a mandatory ‘toolkit’ to fight the war for talent. In the first subsection a few definitions and talent management approaches are explained. This section is followed by two consecutive ones which define and analyse the notions of performance, and potential in relation with talent management. The fifth and final chapter expands the ‘war for talent’ concept on a global scale with the two subsections discussing the influence of globalisation on the talent war followed by a case study of Poland’s talent management issues in the global ‘war for talent’. In the end a conclusion is drawn followed by afferent references consulted in order to create the report. Table of contents Front cover ...
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...Energy Economics 31 (2009) 882–887 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Energy Economics j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / e n e c o Economic impacts of higher oil and gas prices The role of international trade for Germany Christian Lutz a,⁎, Bernd Meyer a,b a b Institute for Economic Structures Research (GWS), Osnabrueck, Germany University of Osnabrueck, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The analysis concentrates on direct and indirect price increases, induced shifts in international trade and structural changes in the oil importing economies. The paper at hand asks, whether a stabilizing effect via international trade and domestic structural change on the GDP of oil importing countries can be observed, if a permanent oil price increase occurs. At least for Germany, structural change from consumer goods to investment goods industry and an improvement of international competitiveness limit negative impacts of increased energy prices. Analysis is based on the extensive and disaggregated global GINFORS model and the detailed INFORGE model for the German economy. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 15 July 2008 Received in revised form 13 January 2009 Accepted 27 May 2009 Available online 6 June 2009 JEL classification: Q43 C53 C67 F17 Keywords: Global modelling Energy prices and the macro economy International trade 1. Introduction Oil price shocks have negative...
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...factors 2. Maryanne purchases Maxwell House coffee every two weeks from the grocery. What is this type of behavior an example of? A: Routinized Problem Solving B: Limited problem solving C: Extended problem solving 3. Aaron does research on several local colleges before applying to his first three choices. This is an example of: A: High – involvement purchase decision B: Low – involvement purchase decision Marketing Plans Reading: Contemporary Marketing: Chapter 2 + Ch. 2 Appendix Web sites: http://www.jpec.org/handouts/jpec33.pdf http://www.netmba.com/marketing/process/ Questions: 1. Strategies are designed to meet objectives. Tactics are designed to implement strategies. Are tactics designed to be long-term actions? A: Yes B: No 2. Ralph’s Jelly Rolls are experiencing a decrease in market share. He is thinking about creating a new product to help gain market share. Should he perform a competitive analysis? A: No B: Yes Marketing Strategies Reading: Contemporary...
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...Comparative Country Studies Country Factbook Comparing the IT industries of Ireland and Portugal Instructor: Mr. Ritsema Date: 12.03.2015 Group 2.03 Niklas Binter S2555611 Josef Richarz S2535688 Table of Content: 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 2.1 Prime Theories and Approaches 3.2.1 Hofstede´s model of national culture 3.2.2 Porter´s diamond 3.2.3 Porter´s five forces of competition 3.2.4 The PESTEL framework 3.2.5 National Innovation Systems 3.2.6 Varieties of Capitalism Framework 2.2 Data Collection 3. The IT Industry 3.1. Description of the IT-Industry 4. Country Comparison 4.1 Macro- Level Indicators 4.1.1 Geographic Indicators 4.1.2 Demographic Indicators 4.1.3 Macro- Economic Indicators 4.2 Historical Developments relevant to the IT industry 4.3 Socio Cultural Conditions 4.3.1 Cultural Systems 4.3.2 Level of Education 4.3.3 Labor Market Regulations 4.3.4 Protectionism of Intellectual Property 4.3.5 Tax Regulations 4.4 Market/ Industry Conditions 4.4.1 Bargaining Power of Buyers and Subsidiaries 4.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 4.4.3 Threats of New Entrants 4.4.4 Competitive Rivalry 4.5 Other Contextual Conditions 4.5.1 Related and Supporting Industries 5. Major Findings of Comparison 5.1 Conclusion 5.2 Trends 5.3 Recommendation 1. Introduction In general, factbooks are conducted by...
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...Journal of Business Research 60 (2007) 277 – 284 Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies Ana Maria Soares a,⁎, Minoo Farhangmehr a,1 , Aviv Shoham b,2 a School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal b Graduate School of Management, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel Received 1 March 2006; received in revised form 1 August 2006; accepted 1 October 2006 Abstract Growth of research addressing the relationship between culture and consumption is exponential [Ogden D., Ogden J. and Schau HJ. Exploring the impact of culture and acculturation on consumer purchase decisions: toward a microcultural perspective. Academy Marketing Science Review 2004;3.]. However culture is an elusive concept posing considerable difficulties for cross-cultural research [Clark T. International Marketing and national character: A review and proposal for an integrative theory. Journal of Marketing 1990; Oct.: 66–79.; Dawar N., Parker P. and Price L. A cross-cultural study of interpersonal information exchange. Journal of International Business Studies 1996; 27(3): 497–516.; Manrai L. and Manrai A. Current issues in the cross-cultural and cross-national consumer research. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 1996; 8 (3/4): 9–22.; McCort D. and Malhotra NK. Culture and consumer behavior: Toward an understanding of cross-cultural consumer behavior in International Marketing. Journal of International Consumer Marketing...
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...Journal of Business Research 60 (2007) 277 – 284 Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies Ana Maria Soares a,⁎, Minoo Farhangmehr a,1 , Aviv Shoham b,2 a School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal b Graduate School of Management, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel Received 1 March 2006; received in revised form 1 August 2006; accepted 1 October 2006 Abstract Growth of research addressing the relationship between culture and consumption is exponential [Ogden D., Ogden J. and Schau HJ. Exploring the impact of culture and acculturation on consumer purchase decisions: toward a microcultural perspective. Academy Marketing Science Review 2004;3.]. However culture is an elusive concept posing considerable difficulties for cross-cultural research [Clark T. International Marketing and national character: A review and proposal for an integrative theory. Journal of Marketing 1990; Oct.: 66–79.; Dawar N., Parker P. and Price L. A cross-cultural study of interpersonal information exchange. Journal of International Business Studies 1996; 27(3): 497–516.; Manrai L. and Manrai A. Current issues in the cross-cultural and cross-national consumer research. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 1996; 8 (3/4): 9–22.; McCort D. and Malhotra NK. Culture and consumer behavior: Toward an understanding of cross-cultural consumer behavior in International Marketing. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 1993;...
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...Scandinavia in European economy: comparative analysis 10 1.3. Cultural preconditions for the Scandinavian model formation. 13 Chapter 2. Model performance and competitiveness: distinctive features 16 2.1. The role of public sector in Scandinavian economies 16 2.2. Peculiarities of labour market in Scandinavia 21 2.3. Human capital and innovations: learning economy 26 Chapter 3. Scandinavian model: challenges and threats 33 3.1. Demographic challenge: ageing of population versus public finance 33 3.2. Paradoxes of economic growth in welfare states 36 3.3. The problem of labour disincentives and decommodification. 38 Conclusion 41 Bibliography 43 Introduction In the light of a current trend of moving towards socialization in economy, Scandinavian experience stands out, being probably a unique example of building a highly-socialized and at the same time viable economy. The image of Scandinavian countries appears to be controversial in modern economic observations. On the one hand, obviously, the Scandinavians’ performance is ranked high in terms of the majority of competitiveness indicators. The main advantages of the Scandinavian economies are, probably, a peaceful labour market and an egalitarian income distribution. On the other hand, many observers note that economic incentives in Scandinavian...
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...opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. a Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. | Criteria reference | To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the student is able to: | Task no. | Evidence | 1.1 | Identify the purposes of different types of organization | 1 | | 1.2 | Describe the extent to which an organization meets the objectives of different stakeholders | 1 | | 1.3 | Explain the responsibilities of an organization and strategies employed to meet them. | 1 | | 2.1 | Explain how economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively | 2 | | 2.2 | Assess the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organizations and their activities | 2 | | 2.3 | Evaluate the impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of a selected organization | 2 | | 3.1 | Explain how market structures determine the pricing and output decisions of businesses | 3 | | 3.2 | Illustrate the way in which market forces shape organizational responses using a range of examples | 3 | | 3.3 | Judge how the business and cultural environments shape the behavior of a selected organization | 3 | | 4.1 | Discuss the significance of international trade to UK business organizations | 4 | | 4.2 | Analyze the impact of global...
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...ESD Working Paper Series Towards An Integration Of The Lean Enterprise System, Total Quality Management, Six Sigma And Related Enterprise Process Improvement Methods Kirkor Bozdogan Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139 Tel. 617 253-8540 bozdogan mit.edu ESD-WP-2010-05 August 2010 esd.mit.edu/wps ESD Working Paper Series Towards An Integration Of The Lean Enterprise System, Total Quality Management, Six Sigma And Related Enterprise Process Improvement Methods Kirkor Bozdogan Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139 Tel. 617 253-8540 bozdogan mit.edu ESD-WP-2010-05 August 2010 esd.mit.edu/wps TOWARDS AN INTEGRATION OF THE LEAN ENTERPRISE SYSTEM, TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT, SIX SIGMA AND RELATED + ENTERPRISE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT METHODS Kirkor Bozdogan # Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA 02139 August 5, 2010 Key Words: Lean manufacturing; just-in-time-production (JIT); Toyota Production System (TPS); lean enterprise system; total quality management (TQM); six sigma; lean six sigma; theory of constraints (TOC); agile manufacturing; business process reengineering (BPR); enterprise change and transformation; evidence-based management practices Abstract: The lean enterprise system, total quality management, six sigma...
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...Abstract Sales promotion has been in constantly growth since the 1960’s and have today become one of the key factors in the promotional mix. The methods used have become more sophisticated and an increasing number of companies are realizing the importance of a well structured promotion strategy. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a better understanding on how sales promotion is used in B2B setting. In order to reach this purpose, research questions focusing on the objectives of sales promotion, as well as which sales promotion tools that were used were stated. Based on these research questions, a review of the relevant literature was conducted, resulting in a conceptual framework, which was used to guide this study's data collection. A qualitative, case study approach was used, using interviewing at an industrial company in Sweden as the primary data collection tool. The findings indicate that, although the individual objectives of the tools can be different they can still be used overall to lead to the same overall goal. It was also found that the focus is not always on using sales promotion tools to generate sales, but to improve relationships. As for the tools used, it was found that there are commonly used sales promotional tools in B2B settings. More specifically, gift giving can be deemed inappropriate in certain contexts and should be used carefully. Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .........................................................
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...English-E11-12 7/27/07 2:24 PM Page 1 Ministry of Education The Ontario Curriculum Grades 11 and 12 English Printed on recycled paper 07-003 ISBN 978-1-4249-4741-6 (Print) ISBN 978-1-4249-4742-3 (PDF) ISBN 978-1-4249-4743-0 (TXT) © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2007 2007 REVISED CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Secondary Schools for the Twenty-first Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Importance of Literacy, Language, and the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principles Underlying the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roles and Responsibilities in English Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH 3 3 4 5 9 Overview of the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Curriculum Expectations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Strands in the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION OF STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT Basic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...major factors influencing relationships in the exporter-importer dyad and facilitates the process of internationalisation by imparting access to the international market. This critical importer and supplier relationship and its animating factors are, however, overlooked and largely neglected in the literature. Accordingly, it is inconclusive as to which factors influence importer commitment and how they influence it. Drawing on the literature, this study strived to investigate the spectrum of importer commitment and has explicitly examined eight factors influencing importer commitment to a foreign supplier by integrating the factors in a comprehensive model. Cultural similarity between importer and overseas supplier, knowledge and experience of the importer, the supplier’s competencies, communication between importer and supplier, the supplier’ s opportunism, the...
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...Understanding Cross-Cultural Management Second Edition Marie-Joëlle Browaeys & Roger Price Part One CULTURE AND MANAGEMENT Concept 1.1 Facets of culture Introduction to Part One Setting the scene This introductory chapter will give an outline of the research in the field of culture and management, which in turn serves as a framework for Part One. The concept of culture Many experts in their fields have wracked their brains to come up with what they consider to be their concept of ‘culture’. Those working in the field of cultural anthropology, alone, for example, have come up with a long list of definitions of the concept, based on their analysis of ethnological, social, psychological and linguistic data. The attempt made by Bodley (1994) to summarize these (Table I.1) gives an idea of all the facets of culture that need to be taken into account from an anthropological perspective. Although acknowledging the multiplicity of cultures, the authors of this book consider that the fundamental aspect of culture is that it is something all humans learn in one way or another. It is not something people inherit, but rather a code of attitudes, norms and values, a way of thinking that is learnt within a social environment. Family, the social environment, school, friends, work – all these help to form this code and determine how people see themselves and the world. The national culture and the particular region which people live in also help to shape a...
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...Letter of Transmittal June 01, 2012 Md. Khaled Afzal Associate Professor Department of Management Studies University of Chittagong Subject: Submission of Term-paper Report Dear Sir, I have the integrity to report you that i received an opportunity to prepare a Term-paper Report under your supervision as required for the completion of our B.B.A program. It is my great pleasure to submit Term-paper report on “SUSTAINABILITY ISSUEs OF SOCIAL BUSINESS” on the light of the overall picture of Social business in Bangladesh. I have devoted all my courage to prepare a Term-paper Report on “SUSTAINABILITY ISSUEs OF SOCIAL BUSINESS” worthy submission before you, I think. I have concentrated my best effort to achieve the objectives of the report and hope that my endeavor will serve the purpose. I request you to excuse me for any mistake that may occur in the report despite of my best effort. I would really appreciate it you enlighten me with your thoughts and views regarding the report. Your kind acknowledgement will spawn my effort and facilitate me to complete my BBA program. Thank you again for your support and patience. Yours Sincerely, (Md. Sazedul Karim) ID: 08302073 Session: 2007-08 BBA, 4th year Department of Management Studies University of Chittagong Acknowledgement First of all I would like to grateful to the Almighty Allah, the merciful and the benevolent...
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