...interpretación Gen: • El LCR es un líquido claro como cristal de roca que baña al cerebro y la médula espinal circulando por los ventrículos cerebrales y el canal medular y se almacena en las cisternas cerebrales. Volumen total del LCR 150 mL (intraventricular 20-30 mL) La coloración de GRAM está siempre indicada en caso de sospecha de meningitis (sensibilidad de 60-90 % para una meningitis bacteriana). pH normal: 7.31-7.43. LDH normal: 20 U/L ADA normal: 0.4-1.0 U/L (si > 9, menigitis tuberculosa) Normal agua limpida 70-180 0-5 Linfo GRC 25-10’000 Proteínas [mg/dL] Lactato [mmol/L] Glucosa [mg/dL] [mmol/L] • • • • Dg: LCR Aspecto Presión [mm H2O] Leucocitos [106/L] Meningitis bacteriana turbio Meningitis viral clar - amarillento Nal principio: GRC, luego Linfo >> 100 , pero < 200 N- Meningitis tuberculosa claro, (amarillo) Linfo 25-1000 L 15-45 1.5-1.9 45-80 : 50-1500 45-500 < 45 N N N 9-45 0.5-2.5 2.5-4.4 < 2.5 (> 60 % de la glucemia) 120-130 N- Cloro [mmol/L] Esquema: Interpretación del LCR. GRC = Granulocitos; Linfo = Linfocitos Punción lumbar (PL) Nota: Análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo, véase arriba Act: L3 L4 Palpación de la espina ilíaca superior posterior (da ± el nivel L3/4) L4 L5 L5 L4 L3 10-20° Esquema: Lugares de punción para una PL. Las flechas ilustran los espacios intervertebrales propicios a la PL (L 3-4 o L 4-5). En línea vertical de la espina ilíaca superior posterior se encuentra...
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...equilibrio y los movimientos pues posee conexiones con casi todo el sistema nervioso central. Todos nos debemos relacionar y conocer sus partes y funciones para poder descubrir su importancia en el ser humano. MARCO TEORICO En el adulto el cerebelo pesa alrededor de 150g. Está separado del lóbulo occipital por el tentorio. Tiene contacto con la parte dorsal de la protuberancia y el bulbo donde contribuye a formar parte de techo del cuarto ventrículo. Macroscópicamente consiste en una región central denominada vermis, dos hemisferios y una zona alrededor del vermis llamada paravermis o zona intermedia. El cerebelo esta conectado al tallo cerebral por tres pares de pedúnculos: El pedúnculo cerebeloso superior (conjuntivum) que lo conecta con el cerebro medio y la corteza Cerebral. El pedúnculo cerebeloso medio (pontis) que lo conecta con la protuberancia El pedúnculo cerebeloso inferior (restiforme) que lo conecta con la médula espinal El cerebelo consiste en una alta...
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...Partes del Cerebro Humano El Cerebelo: Trata principalmente de controlar el movimiento. Ayuda a controlar la postura y el equilibrio, así como posibilita que la gente aprenda a moverse. La Amígdala: Ayuda almacenar y clasificar los recuerdos cargados de emociones. Desempeña un papel clave en las emociones, especialmente en el miedo. El Hipocampo: juega un papel clave en la formación de la memoria, así como en la clasificación de la información y en la memoria a largo plazo. El Hipotálamo: controla muchas funciones corporales, incluyendo el apetito, la sed y el sueno. También juega un papel importante en el control de las emociones. El Cuerpo Calloso: Es el puente neuronal que conecta los dos hemisferios del cerebro. se encuentra en el mismo centro del cerebro. El Tálamo: estación de retransmisión del cerebro. Transmite la mayoría de las señales sensoriales percibidas (auditivas, visual y del tacto) y ayuda a que se procesen en otras partes del cerebro. También juega un papel importante en el control motor. Lóbulos Cerebrales Occipital>procesamiento visual Frontal>controla las acciones del cuerpo y posibilita la apreciación de emociones. Parietal>Asociado a las sensaciones corporales: tacto, temperatura, etc. Temporal>Recibe sonidos e impulsos olfativos. Controla el habla y la memoria. Hemisferio Izquierdo- Recibe senales sensitivas desde los musculos de la mitad derecha y lo controla. Razonamiento Habilidades cientificas y numericas Capacidad para utilizar...
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...Acomodo Razonable Descripción del Caso: El Consumidor, es un joven de 22 años de edad. Está diagnosticado con diversas condiciones como Perlesía cerebral, tono muscular espástico, pérdida auditiva, miopía, funcionamiento promedio bajo en habilidades visomotoras, funcionamiento adaptativo extremadamente bajo y condición cardiaca congénita. La condición principal es Perlesía Cerebral y a raíz de la misma surgen las demás condiciones. La Perlesía ó Parálisis Cerebral ocurren cuando las áreas del cerebro que controlan el movimiento y la postura no se desarrollan adecuadamente o se lesionan. Los signos prematuros de la Perlesía Cerebral suelen aparecen antes de los tres años de edad (www.Medlineplus.com). En el caso particular del joven, la condición se desarrolló como consecuencia de un infarto que sufrió al nacer mediante el cual fue sometido a una cirugía del corazón. En el transcurso de su vida ha presentado diversas limitaciones funcionales tales como, dificultad para caminar, problemas realizando tareas como escribir o usar utensilios tales como tijeras, dificultad para mantener el equilibrio, problemas en la comunicación, incluso para comunicarse mediante lenguaje de señas posee limitaciones ya que, al tener el tono muscular espástico presenta dificultad en realizar señas formales. Por otro lado, los lapsos de atención son cortos y carece de estructura en aspectos como establecer juicio social, manifestar afecto hacia personas ajenas o desconocidas y establecer...
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...Las enfermedades que son producto de la desmielinizacion de la Neurona son daños que afecta la conducción de señales en los nervios afectados. A su vez, la reducción en la capacidad de conducción causa la deficiencia en la sensación, el movimiento, la cognición, u otras funciones dependiendo de los nervios que están involucrados. Algunas enfermedades desmielinizantes son causados por la genética, algunos por agentes infecciosos, algunos por reacciones autoinmunes, y algunos por factores desconocidos. Los organofosforados, una clase de productos químicos que son los ingredientes activos de insecticidas comerciales, tales como inmersión de ovejas, herbicidas y preparaciones para el tratamiento de pulgas para mascotas, etc, también demyelinate nervios. Los neurolépticos también pueden causar desmielinización. El mecanismo exacto de la desmielinización no se entiende claramente, pero hay una buena evidencia de que el propio sistema inmune del cuerpo es al menos parcialmente responsable. Las células del sistema inmune adquirido de llamadas células T son conocidos por estar presentes en el sitio de las lesiones. Otras células del sistema inmunitario llamadas macrófagos también contribuyen al daño. Causas Algunas enfermedades desmielinizantes son causados por la genética, algunos por agentes infecciosos, algunos por reacciones autoinmunes, algunos por la exposición a los agentes químicos, y algunos por factores desconocidos. Signos y síntomas Los síntomas que se presentan en las...
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...Lenguaje y cerebro: conexiones entre neurolingüística y psicolingüística M. Jesús Paredes Duarte y Carmen Varo Varo Universidad de Cádiz El estudio de las relaciones entre lenguaje y cerebro constituye un objeto que atañe a muchas y diversas disciplinas. Representa, sin duda, uno de los capítulos más relevantes en el desarrollo histórico de la Psicolingüística y conforma el núcleo principal de los actuales contenidos de la Neurolingüística y su estricta implicación en el tratamiento de los trastornos del lenguaje. Otras muchas perspectivas vienen a crear una visión polimórfica de estas relaciones entre el lenguaje y el cerebro, despertando, no sin inconvenientes, pues a veces se solapan aspectos temáticos en este estudio, una consideración muy completa si tenemos en cuenta los diferentes puntos de vista. Una explicación de por qué el ser humano, frente a otros animales, posee “lenguaje” procede necesariamente del hecho de estar dotado de un cerebro distinto al de otras especies. Por otra parte, desde la perspectiva inversa, podríamos especular que el cerebro humano es diferente al de otros animales como resultado del empleo del lenguaje. Teniendo en cuenta la complementariedad entre estos enfoques, a la hora de tratar la relación entre cerebro y lenguaje, nos parece especialmente ineludible la conexión entre Psicolingüística y Neurolingüística. El presente trabajo surge de la necesidad docente de delimitar el objeto de estudio de dos disciplinas cuya conexión principal se...
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...documented in the herein contained Test Cases. The following requirements must be met to run the program: Java Integrated Development Environment (IDE), MySQL database. Netbeans 7.0.1 was utilized in making the program and testing it . MySQL is open source SQL database. They both can be downloaded for free of charge. Windows 7 OS was used to host both pieces of software. There are minimum requirements that can be referenced on download websites. Each option available in the program will be tested. The Use Case Diagrams may be referenced for further details on functions of each option. The test will test each available selection. The selections to be tested are as follows: 1-Add Student Information 2-Update Student Information 3-Query Student Information...
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...add 0.05 M NaOH drop-by-drop to back-titrate the solution until the pH is neutral. What this means is that, the stronger the antacid tablet, the less NaOH it will take to help bring the acid to neutral. (In other words, the stronger antacid tablets counteract more of the original HCl, leaving the solution closer to neutral before the NaOH is added.) Here are your results: Maalox Mass of one dose antacid mL NaOH used in backtitration 20.0 g Tums 21.0 g Mylanta 18.0 g CVS brand 18.3 g Rennies 17.5 g 24.1 mL 22.4 mL 20.0 mL 19.9 mL 24.4 mL 1. Which is the strongest antacid, on a single-dose basis? Which is the weakest? Explain and show your calculations. 2. Which are the strongest and weakest, on a by-weight (mass) basis? 3. When people do back titrations, they usually watch the solution for a color change when the solution becomes neutral. What might you have used in the above experiment to get this color change to happen in the solution? At what pH would the solution have been neutral? 4. If you had walked into the lab, only to discover that you only had 0.1 M sulfuric acid available to run your tests, how might this have affected your calculations? Why? 5. In...
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...HANDOUT IDBI BANK LTD. WRITTEN EXAMINATION : 16.09.2012 RECRUITMENT OF EXECUTIVES ( ON CONTRACT ) INTRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. This booklet gives you detailed information about the Competitive examination for recruitment to the post of Executive (on contract). The selection process consists of (a) Written Examination and (b) Interview. Candidates who qualify in the written examination with high merit rank are eligible to be called for interview. Use of HB Pencil and Ball Pen : You should bring with you two HB pencils, a good quality eraser, a sharpener and a ball-point pen. You are advised to bring two pencils to avoid mending a pencil during the examination as you may lose time. Use ball-point pen for filling up the information only in boxes 1-10 on Side 1. Use HB pencil only, for filling up information in boxes 12-26 on side 1 of the answersheet and box 27 on side 2 of the answersheet. All the answers should also be marked by using HB pencil only. Handling answersheet : Please handle your answersheet carefully. Keep it dust free. If it is mutilated, torn, folded, wrinkled, rolled or dusty, it may not be evaluated. Special attention should be paid to the different objective type tests, since these are different from the usual school/college examinations. 4. 5. HOW TO SHOW YOUR ANSWERS : Each question is followed by answers which are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Select the most appropriate answer. Then by using HB Pencil, blacken the oval bearing the correct answer against...
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...Mark Scheme (Results) June 2011 GCE Geography 6GE01 Global Challenges Edexcel is one of the leading examining and awarding bodies in the UK and throughout the world. We provide a wide range of qualifications including academic, vocational, occupational and specific programmes for employers. Through a network of UK and overseas offices, Edexcel’s centres receive the support they need to help them deliver their education and training programmes to learners. For further information, please call our GCE line on 0844 576 0025, our GCSE team on 0844 576 0027, or visit our website at www.edexcel.com. If you have any subject specific questions about the content of this Mark Scheme that require the help of a subject specialist, you may find our Ask The Expert email service helpful. Ask The Expert can be accessed online at the following link: http://www.edexcel.com/Aboutus/contact-us/ Alternatively, you can contact our Geography Advisor directly by sending an email to Jonathan Wolton on: GeographySubjectAdvisor@edexcelexperts.co.uk. You can also telephone 0844 372 2185 to speak to a member of our subject advisor team. June 2011 Publications Code US027990 All the material in this publication is copyright © Edexcel Ltd 2011 General Guidance on Marking All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This does NOT mean giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does mean allowing candidates...
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...Employees' Team Building * A List of Good Work Ethics by Employees * Different Types of Organizational Structure Motivating employees to work more productively and to be happier while doing it is a stiff challenge for even the most seasoned manager. Human behavior specialists indicate that the best way to avoid motivation and laziness problems is to assess potential employees carefully by way of personality testing. But what do you do when the hiring's done and you need the employees you have to perform more productively? Try proven, specific techniques designed to keep even your most cynical employees satisfied and productive. The first step? Back off. Nobody likes a micromanager. Ads by Google Options Trading Lessons With just these 3 Free reports you could be trading by day's end. wealthdaily.com/Options_Trading Step 1 Set specific goals, and trust your employees to reach them. According to Forbes, nothing makes enthusiasm vanish faster than a micromanager who doesn't trust her employees to do their work properly. Force yourself to let go by setting a clear and achievable goal; for example, "I want to beat increase our sales by 5 percent over the next 60 days." Ask for feedback, then back off and see what happens. Step 2 Reward top performers publicly and meaningfully. Inc. magazine suggests that letting employees share in success keeps them happy and motivated. It also increases the work ethic of those who aren't top performers. Financial incentives are always appreciated...
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... The PID is needed in order to terminate a frozen or otherwise misbehaving program with the kill command. This command makes it possible to end a program that cannot otherwise be stopped except by rebooting (i.e., restarting) the system, and it is thus an important element in the stability and robustness of Unix-like operating systems. Assume that the following files are in the working directory: $ ls intro notesb ref2 section1 section3 section4b notesa ref1 ref3 section2 section4a sentrev Give commands for each of the following, using wildcards to express filenames with as few characters as possible. a. List all files that begin with section. $ ls section* b. List the section1, section2, and section3 files only. $ ls section[1-3] c. List the intro file only. $ ls i* d. List the section1, section3, ref1, and ref3 files. 1. $ ls *[13] 2. Give an example of a command that uses grep a. With both input and output redirected. $ grep \$Id < *.c > id_list Chapter 9 Number 1 Explain the following unexpected result: $ whereis date date: /bin/date ... $ echo $PATH .:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin $ cat > date echo "This is my own version of date." $...
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...The case also provides examples of company’s policy, some companies borrow fund, and others avoid that. That is reflected all in financial results. Analysis: Airline: 7 Automobile Manufacturing: 8 Pharmaceutical: 9 Commercial Banking: 11 Computer and office equipment manufacturing: 12 Discount general-merchandise retail: 13 Electric utility: 5 Fast Food: 1 Wholesale food distribution: 10 Supermarket: 6 Internet retail: 3 Specialized staffing services: 4 Software development: 2 I pick two industry with the highest R&D ratio are pharmaceutical and software development. The one with no inventory is software development as number 2 and pharmaceutical matches with number 9. Commercial banking matches number 11 because it will have the highest current liabilities as well as the receivables collection. I matched two industries with the same receivables collection is 23 are Internet retail and electric utility, and the industry has higher total current assets is Electric utility as number 5. So, internet retail matches with number 3. Fast food, Wholesale food distribution, and Supermarket are three of the industry has the lowest receivables collection. The industry with the highest current asset is super market and marked number 6. The second highest current asset is fast food as number 1, and wholesale food distribution marked number 10. The specialized staffing services are marked by number 4 because...
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...Solution to exercise 1.1 1) b, c 2) $220,000 3) a, c, j Solution to exercise 1.2 (a) (i) Prime cost Reference number 2, 5, 10, 15, and 16 ii) Production overhead Reference number 1, 6, 8, 12, 19, and 20 iii) Administration overhead Reference number 3, 9, and 11 iv) Selling overhead Reference number 7, 14, and 17 v) Distribution overhead Reference number 4, 13, and 18 (b) (i) Variable Reference number 2, 5, 10, 14, 15, 16, and 18 ii) Fixed Reference number 1, 3, 4, 11, 12, 13, 17, 19, and 20 iii) Semi-variable Reference number 6, 7, 8, and 9 Solution to exercise 1.3 | |Number of units produced |Unit cost |Total cost | |Cost X |1 |20 |20 | |(Variable cost) | | | | | |10 |20 |200 | | |100 |20 |2,000 | | |1,000 |20 |20,000 | |Cost Y |1 |5,000 |5,000 | |(Fixed...
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...individual interacts on a daily basis. These ideas can be good or bad but either way it affects how we act towards people and ourselves. In some cases we have to take a step back and analyze the reasons why we act the way we do. There are ways we can do this by writing how we feel down, having someone analyze us, or taking surveys. The LSI survey is a way we can see where we fit in amongst other individuals. This survey helps assess our personality characteristics and other traits according to how we interact in society. I took the survey to see where my personality traits rate with other people. I will go over the results and how a person can learn and change from them. The LSI survey is a circle that is broken in many parts. There are 3 areas that the circle is broken into which are satisfaction needs, task orientation, and security needs. The primary part is the satisfaction needs whereas the backup tells you what causes these traits. When it comes to the scoring of the survey I had my highest in the constructive styles 1, 2, 11, and 12. These help with self-enhancing thinking and behavior that causes satisfaction. Number 1 is the humanistic encouraging The Humanistic-Encouraging scale measures our interest in people, our tendency to care about others, and our ability to encourage them to improve. Humanistic-Encouraging people are accepting of themselves, and accept others for who they are without any issues. I believe I am definitely like this because I am not a judgmental...
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