7 ELEMENTS OF CULTURE NIGERIA INDIA
MATERIAL LIFE Industrial sector - structurally weak, industrial development based on import substitution strategy, production, distribution and consumption depends a lot on families and community efforts. Industrial Sector is comparatively well developed.
LANGUAGE 529 languages - 7 extinct
English is the official language, Other most spoken languages are - Haus, Igbo, Yoruba, Pidgin-English 780 languages – 220 lost last 50 yrs.
14 official Languages
Hindi is the first official Language and English is the second, Other most spoken languages are Gujarati, Marathi, Telugu, Tamil
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS Extended families-Social standing and recognition, Family relationships are guided by hierarchy and seniority. Individuals turn to members of the extended family for financial aid and guidance Very similar to Nigeria
Family relationships are guided by hierarchy and seniority. Great importance is given to elders in the family who are also decision makers.
AESTHETICS Ethnic, tattooing & Ornamentation, Art inspired by nature, Depends on availability of recourses, has utilitarian significance, socio-cultural significance is symbolic, Extensive use of colours. Follows similar patterns use of vibrant colours, jewellery, Colours and music art folk songs for every occasion.

RELIGION Main religions of Nigeria are Islam (50%) and Christianity (48%), other religions, which includes: Judaism, Hinduism, Bahá'i Characterized by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices, Birthplace of 4 major religions, Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism.
Main religion followed is Hinduism & other religions followed are Islam, Christianity
EDUCATION 6-3-3-4 three levels of institutional learning Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
Literacy rate 61.3% M 72%, F 50% 5-5-2-3/4/5 Primary, Secondary, Higher Secondary, Graduation, (Post Graduation)
Literacy rate 66% M 72%, F 58%
VALUE SYSTEM Respect for elders, honesty & accountability, cooperation, discipline, self-confidence & moral courage Traditionally, Indians have laid high stress on values like peaceful co-existence, spirituality, and a high priority towards hospitality.
The old have always been taken care of, at home, and it is generally the eldest who makes important decisions for the family
CONTEXT CULTURE High Context Culture High Context Culture

HOFSTEDE’S SCORE : NIGERIA INDIA
POWER DISTANCE
All individuals in societies are not equal (80)
People accept a hierarchical subordinates expect to be told what to do (77)
Appreciation for hierarchy Top – Down Structure in society and Organizations.
Power holder for directions
INDIVIDUALISM
Degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members. It has to do with whether people´s self-image is defined in terms of “I” or “We”. (30)
Collectivistic society, close long-term commitment to the member 'group', (family, extended family, or extended relationships). 48
Clear collectivistic traits, high preference for belonging to a larger social framework. We over I
MASCULINITY / FEMININITY
What motivates people, wanting to be the best (masculine) or liking what you do (feminine). (60) masculine society people “live in order to work”, driven by competition (56)
Masculine society, driven by competition
UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE
The way that a society deals with the fact that the future can never be known: should we try to control the future or just let it happen? The extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these (55)
Preference for avoiding uncertainty, maintain rigid codes of belief and behaviour and are intolerant of unorthodox behaviour and ideas. (40)
Medium low preference for avoiding uncertainty, acceptance of imperfection; traditionally a patient country where tolerance for the unexpected is high
LONG TERM ORIENTATION
The extent to which a society shows a pragmatic future-oriented perspective rather than a conventional historical short-term point of view (16)
Short term orientation culture, great respect for traditions, a relatively small propensity to save, strong social pressure (61),
Making it a long term, pragmatic culture. In India the concept of “karma” dominates religious and philosophical thought.

NIGERIA INDIA
POWER DISTANCE All individuals in societies are not equal (80) People accept a hierarchical subordinates expect to be told what to do (77) Appreciation for hierarchy Top – Down Structure in society and Organizations. Power holder for directions
INDIVIDUALISM Degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members. It has to do with whether people´s self-image is defined in terms of “I” or “We”. (30) Collectivistic society, close long-term commitment to the member 'group', (family, extended family, or extended relationships). (48) Clear collectivistic traits, high preference for belonging to a larger social framework. We over I
MASCULINITY / FEMININITY What motivates people, wanting to be the best (masculine) or liking what you do (feminine). (60) Masculine society people “live in order to work”, driven by competition (56) Masculine society, driven by competition
UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE The way that a society deals with the fact that the future can never be known: should we try to control the future or just let it happen? The extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these (55) Preference for avoiding uncertainty, maintain rigid codes of belief and behaviour and are intolerant of unorthodox behaviour and ideas. (40) Medium low preference for avoiding uncertainty, acceptance of imperfection; traditionally a patient country where tolerance for the unexpected is high
LONG TERM ORIENTATION The extent to which a society shows a pragmatic future-oriented perspective rather than a conventional historical short-term point of view (16) Short term orientation culture, great respect for traditions, a relatively small propensity to save, strong social pressure (61) Making it a long term, pragmatic culture. In India the concept of “karma” dominates religious and philosophical thought.