...of TV Commercials The power of pop culture has an enormous influence on the minds of the youth. TV commercials are powerful tools that are used to portray an image, change an idea or shape an attitude. These thirty seconds or more of flashy attractions draws viewers in on the attitudes and values of which people hold in society. It promotes particular beliefs and ways of thinking. Such beliefs that are promoted through TV commercials can be the encouragement of changing one’s appearance in order to look similar as a certain celebrity. On the good side, TV commercials display positive behaviors and role models that young girls and adolescent girls can aspire to be. In contrast, many of these TV commercials have a negative influence on the life of young girls and adolescent girls. TV commercials targets young girls and adolescent girls through the use of different outlets that glorify unrealistic expectations, distorted body image and sexualization in which leads them on a path of self-destruction. TV commercials can promote positive behavior. Dove is the first “beauty” company to promote to young girls and adolescent girls that they should be comfortable with their own body. Their marketing campaign helps to establish self-esteem and a good body image. It shows “real women” as role models who are happy with themselves even though their body may not be what is typically thought of as beautiful. According to the article, “The Dove® Campaign for Real Beauty”, Dove states, “Dove®...
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...Eating disorders Stephanie Collard BEH/225 9/10/14 University of phoenix Eating disorders What is hunger? Hunger is the motivation that tells us when we need nutrients for our body. Hunger is a basic biological need that our body experiences. When we “feel hungry” our body's drive us to find sustenance. However, not all hunger drives are based on nutritional needs, there are certain biological and psychological factors that motivate our hunger. Biologically, our hunger drive comes from the hypothalamus, a gland that when given the appropriate stimulation excretes a hormone that tells your body when to be hungry and when to be sated. Biologically, this gland is motivated by homeostasis, or body equilibrium. This means that this gland is generally stimulated by specific conditions in your body, such as blood sugar, chemicals in the blood stream, or body temperature. Once the optimal conditions for your body are reached, the hypothalamus will send out a hormone that tells your body it is full, and to stop eating. Non biological factors are when we are motivated to eat even when our hypothalamus is not sending any cues. Factors such as stress, boredom, certain smells, or just having food in front of you can cause a motivation to eat. Alternatively, developing an aversion to foods is quite easy, if you associate certain foods with nausea or illness, or if you ate a lot of a specific food during childhood due to poverty or other unhappy circumstances...
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...Abnormal Psychology and Therapy PSY/300 August 30, 2010 Bonnie Johnson Abnormal Psychology and Therapy Abnormal Psychology is psychology that’s main purpose is to use research in an effort to classify, diagnose, and treat psychological disorders and illnesses. Everyone experiences some kind of worry, fear, and even anxiety. When an individual cannot control their emotions and daily life becomes affected they may suffer from a disorder or illness that is very complex. Abnormal vs. Normal When comparing normal and abnormal psychology there are key differences. Normal psychology deals with the feelings that should be felt. Abnormal psychology deals with the feelings we experience that we shouldn’t . We should not live everyday in constant fear for no reason. When our feelings start controlling our life on a daily bases this is abnormal. Compare and Contrast There are two main divisions in psychology: normal and abnormal. Both of these branches can be easy to distinguish, but the lines between them may be blurred as well. To better understand these two sides of psychology it is necessary to understand what each division represents in this field (Critical psychology, 2001). Normal psychology is what an average animal experiences in response to emotional stimuli. For example, a woman’s boyfriend severs relations between the two people. In the average situation, the woman would be depressed for a short period of time. This sadness could stretch to several weeks or...
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...Anorexia nervosa Antrea Shana Harris Health-PE 122 Mr.Willie Mcgowan October 13, 2014 Anorexia Nervosa is a disorder in which an individual starves them self, characterized by the refusal to consume adequate food or loss of appetite, and therefore endangers their health that originates from emotional or psychological causes. Anorexia nervosa (“nervous anorexia”) is an eating disorder that is characterized by a loss of appetite that endangers an individual’s health that originates from emotional or psychological causes. Under certain circumstances, anorexia nervosa may develop because of a physical disease or conditions, such as shock, nausea and allergic reactions. The signs and symptoms of anorexia include but are not limited to dramatic weight loss, refusal to maintain minimum body weight that is normal for their age and height, consuming a specific selection of foods like those low in fat and calories. Also avoiding food in social situations like cooking, social events, and making up excuses for their refusal to eat. In addition, another sign is frequently focusing on preoccupations with their body image and weight and constantly in pursuit for flaws. Their distorted body image that they have of themselves is apparent in statements about being overweight even though they are thin. Focusing on an excessive exercise regimen and wearing baggy clothes are also signs. In females, a symptom of anorexia is missing three consecutive menstrual periods and in males a decrease...
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...an overcast, dark, very quiet Saturday morning as I made my way into Shriner’s Hospital. All the way to the hospital from my home, the only thing on my mind was “who is waiting for me today”? Is the patient going to be a toddler, infant, or adolescent? Can he or she speak English? If not how am I going to communicate with him or her? My heart started beating even faster, while I was waiting for my instructor to come and take us to the patient floor. At 6:30, we went up to the 3rd floor and our instructor assigned each of us a patient. My patient Flora, is a thirteen year old adolescent female from Guatemala. She has sustained 70% body surface area flame burn including face, chest, and back, upper and lower extremities in November of 2001. It was a total mystery what had happened, how she was burned. The person who saved her stated that the patient’s legs were tied together by her sister. Some others stated that she was burned from the flames of the fire crackers. After going to the 7th floor I got the patient’s report from the night nurse and made my plan for the patient care. It was time for me to meet the patient and to do morning care. I walked down the hallway and came to my patient’s room. I knocked on the door although it was open, when I went in I saw a cute adolescent girl lying on the bed who had beautiful hair, a pretty smile, and whose face was covered...
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...Discuss the physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses an individual is likely to experience in response to a newly diagnosed condition with a poor prognosis. Definitions: Physical: of body: relating to the body, rather than to the mind, the soul, or the feelings Cognitive: 1.concerned with acquisition (gaining) of knowledge: relating to the process of acquiring knowledge by the use of reasoning, intuition, or perception. Relating to thought processes. The interpretation of stimuli and the organization of thoughts and ideas. Emotional: a state of feeling. -a conscious mental reaction (as anger or fear) subjectively experienced as strong feeling usually directed toward a specific object and typically accompanied by physiological and behavioral changes in the body (merriam webster) Behavioral: 1.way somebody behaves: the way in which somebody behaves Research: -Psychological responses of terminally ill patients who are experiencing suffering: A qualitative study According to leading theories, suffering is dependent on the threats that the patient perceives and the resources the patient uses to respond to such threats. Previously published reports have identified the occurrence of a terminal disease as a period of multiple threats that can generate intense suffering. Examples of such suffering include pain and other symptoms (Heath et al., 2010, Jurado-Martín et al., 2010, Abraham et al., 2006 and Lorenz et al., 2006), the progressive dependence...
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...Running head: A NEW LOOK AT SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD A New look at Surrogate Motherhood Abstract Surrogate motherhood is a very important issue that is often overlooked. This paper will briefly explain the different types of surrogate motherhood and display three common arguments which are; ethical, health and legal issues. Surrogate motherhood is not only degrading to women it is morally wrong, and takes away all meaning to pregnancy. A New Look at Surrogate Motherhood Would you rather be a genetic or a birth mother? There was a study done, fifty women were asked this question as a result the majority of the women preferred to be a birth mother rather than a genetic mother. (Would you rather be a 'birth' or a 'genetic' mother? if so, how much?, 1994). The bonds a woman establishes with her child while pregnant is one that can never be replaced. If the majority of women would rather bear a child themselves for this particular reason; why is commercial surrogate motherhood on the rise? Some women are beginning to consider commercial surrogate motherhood as a better alternative than adoption. To enforce a contract on something that is so personal to women like labor and childbirth is not only ethically wrong but morally wrong as well. What is surrogacy? Surrogacy is when one woman bears a child for another that for some reason cannot do on their own. There are several types of surrogacy; Altruistic, commercial, genetic and gestatory. Altruistic surrogacy is when the person...
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...2.1 Assess the main barriers to marketing planning. According to Business Dictionary, marketing planning “refers to the process of analyzing one or more potentially interesting marketplaces in order to determine how a business can optimally compete in them.” There are numerous barriers in marketing planning such as: Target Market When a company is uncertain about its target market and whether it is the right one may stand as a barrier for marketing planning. The reason that companies have target markets is to be able to work their way towards that target. The product or service that they will be designing will be according to the characteristics and tendencies of that target. In the case of Athena Milk, the company used an endorser such as Anne Curtis; a strong, independent working woman. Environmental Barriers Environmental barriers include factors such as social, legal economic, political, technological, and ethical norms; it may post major barriers to marketing planning by placing restrictions or limitations in the way the business interacts with the environment. (Scheid, 2011) Regulations may prevent comparison marketing when market surveys indicate the best form of marketing as comparing the product with the competitor’s substandard product. Cultural Barriers Cultural barriers are essentially factors that have to do with how the customers are raised or what has been accustomed to them. Factors that are included in cultural barriers are language, behavior,...
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...University of the Punjab, Lahore (Pakistan) 2 Senior Research Officer, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Lahore Campus (Pakistan) 3 MBA Scholar (IBA, University of the Punjab), Lecturer, Punjab Group of Colleges ABSTRACT Strategic role of brand image has been proven in extensive literature as it is considered as distinct component in designing the marketing mix to building sustainable competitive edge. So, this paper presents divergent perspectives defining the brand image concept and concluding the debate about its multidimensionality. Five major clusters of definitions of brand image construct are observed such as generic definitions, meanings/messages, symbolic definitions, personality based definitions and cognitive/psychological definitions. Another important milestone in the evolution of brand image is the theory behind the concept of brand positioning. Brand Image is a multi dimensional construct that is triggered by cognitions, emotions, symbols, values and attitudes of consumers. However, many researchers measured it as uni-dimensional construct. Initially benefits based dimensionality was used to measure brand image (Park, 1986). Later, associative network model was used to measure brand image. Researchers advanced functional, symbolic, experiential, affective, economic, social, personality, self-esteem, corporate and utilitarian dimensions which could be summarized as dual model of brand image comprising of cognitive or affective domains. Prior research...
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...Member 09 Khadija Akter 0807044 Member 10 Sayda Affifa 0807050 Member 11 Masing U Marma 0807059 Member Abstract P&G is a global leader for different product categories in many countries. P & G is tightly integrated with some of the largest retailers in United States of America as well as world around and around the world Distribution channels all over the world. We conducted the study to determine the attitudes of the customers towards beauty line products based on the products of P & G. Our sample size is 30(Male 3, Female 27). We have used some variables (Dependent& independent). The variables are Consumer’s preference, Culture, Buying ability, Personality, Price, Value, Perception, Social status, Consumer Learning, Psychological drive, Promotional program. The major problems we found that are high price and unavailability of these products. We think that, if the company tries to minimize the cost and make available these products they will capture more market share and consumers will consume their products more and more. Acknowledgement...
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...Copyright © eContent Management Pty Ltd. Health Sociology Review (2010) 19(4): 437–450. Embodying the gay self: Body image, reflexivity and embodied identity DUANE DUNCAN Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia ABSTRACT The emphasis on a sexualised muscular body ideal in gay social and cultural settings has been described as facilitating body image dissatisfaction among gay men. Drawing on a concept of reflexive embodiment, this paper uses qualitative interviews to analyse gay men’s embodiment practices in relation to discourses and norms that can be found across and beyond any coherent notion of ‘gay subculture’. The findings reveal body image to be more complex than a limited focus on subculture or dissatisfaction can account for. In particular, gay men negotiate a gay pride discourse in which the muscular male body generates both social status and self-esteem, and deploy notions of everyday masculinity that imply rationality and control to resist gendered assumptions about gay men’s body image relationships. KEYWORDS: body image; gay men; reflexive embodiment; sociology INTRODUCTION Body image dissatisfaction and gay men Following the shift from individual pathol-ogy to cognitive-behavioural and feminist perspectives in psychology (McKinely 2002; Pruzinsky and Cash 2002), a significant volume of psychological and health research has identi-fied a greater incidence of body...
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...hello & goodbye |Ethical Theories : A Reflection | | | |Vanessa Claudja P. Carlos | | | | | |A Requirement for Paul Amerigo Pajo’s IT-Ethic Class | |De La Salle – College of Saint Benilde | Abstract This book is a consolidated collection of opinions on the Ethical Theories, a chapter from a book assigned to the students of IT-Ethic Section O0B, advised by Mr. Paul Amerigo Pajo. Works written by James Rachels, John Arthur, Friedrich Nietzche and the like are studied and analyzed and some are criticized by the author of this book. Dedication I dedicate this book to the following: My dearest family, who always believes in me; My sweetest friends, who never fails to keep me sane in this crazy world; Lastly, I dedicate this book to the Almighty Father, for everything else is nothing without You. Chapter I Egoism and Moral Scepticism James...
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...Savannah Morris Faris Honors English IV 09 January 2015 A Maggot-Less World A Utopia is an imaginative place that is beautiful in every aspect and is the author’s perspective of a “perfect society”. Aldous Huxley creates this Utopia in his novel, “Island”. He creates a perfect society with limited technology and a union of all people to work together. Huxley creates this Utopia during a time period of corruption and new discoveries. As the nation enters the literary time period of “the beat period”, Huxley's unconscious idea of a Utopian society is displayed uncensored in “Island” as opposed to “Brave New World” and he provides his personal solution to the world’s problems. In “Island” by Aldous Huxley the main character, Will Farnaby,...
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...controversy has started huge debates worldwide. It has brought attention to doctors, sociologists, feminists, historians, and people of different cultures, races, classes and religions. The major overwhelming arguments is that the act of surrogacy should be illegal. The issues and objections surrounding the surrogate motherhood is that it is considered baby selling, finding the legality of its contracts, and the class of people, whether they are rich or poor. The other concerns are the traditional rights of the birth mothers, the psychological impact of these children who are born under these contracts. The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss and analyze the controversy of a surrogate mother. The paper will find the reasons of why women want to become surrogate mothers. This paper will examine the different viewpoints that have been in conflict for many years. The paper will reveal how some women chose to become surrogate mothers just for the money and that some do it because they want to help couples who cannot produce children. This paper will also show that every woman may not choose to be a surrogate, but they have their own reasons for it to be supported. The paper will discuss the ethical issues presented by a surrogate mother. This paper will also analyze and give insights on the debate whether there can be anything immorally or morally correct with becoming a surrogate mother....
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...controversy has started huge debates worldwide. It has brought attention to doctors, sociologists, feminists, historians, and people of different cultures, races, classes and religions. The major overwhelming arguments is that the act of surrogacy should be illegal. The issues and objections surrounding the surrogate motherhood is that it is considered baby selling, finding the legality of its contracts, and the class of people, whether they are rich or poor. The other concerns are the traditional rights of the birth mothers, the psychological impact of these children who are born under these contracts. The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss and analyze the controversy of a surrogate mother. The paper will find the reasons of why women want to become surrogate mothers. This paper will examine the different viewpoints that have been in conflict for many years. The paper will reveal how some women chose to become surrogate mothers just for the money and that some do it because they want to help couples who cannot produce children. This paper will also show that every woman may not choose to be a surrogate, but they have their own reasons for it to be supported. The paper will discuss the ethical issues presented by a surrogate mother. This paper will also analyze and give insights on the debate whether there can be anything immorally or morally correct with becoming a surrogate mother. The problem presented in this paper is that many...
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