...A River Runs Through It Water Comprises almost 75% of earth's surface and is undoubtedly our most precious natural resource. No living organism could exist on our planet without water. In direct contrast to water that promotes life is pollution which endangers it. Pollution is defined by the Environment Protection Act of 2001 (Chap 435 of the Laws of Malta) as "the direct or indirect introduction by man into the environment of substances, organisms, genetic material or energy that cause or are likely to cause hazard to human health, harm to living resources or to ecosystems, or damage to amenities, or interfere with other legitimate uses of the environment". Pollutants such as sewage and fertilizers contain nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates. At high levels, nutrients can over stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and algae. Excessive growth of these types of organisms consequently impairs the flow of the waterways, deters the amount of oxygen in the water since the pollutants use up oxygen as they decompose, and block light to deeper waters. This impairs the growth of necessary aquatic organisms as it affects the respiration ability of fish and other creatures of the sea. Pollution is also caused when silt and other suspended solids, such as soil, wash off plowed fields, construction and logging sites, urban areas, and eroded river banks directly into streams and rivers when it rains. The pollution can enter the...
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...A River Runs Through It is about two brothers who love to fish and battle a tough fight against a disease known as addiction. The story takes place in Missoula, Helena, and Wolf Creek, in Montana. They usually fish in the Blackfoot River and in the Elkhorn River. The two boys would go fishing almost everyday. Their names were Norman and Paul and Paul was addicted to alcohol and gambling. Norman and Paul’s father taught them to fish at a very young age. When they grew older they got jobs to support themselves and their family. Norman worked for part of a work service and Paul was a lifeguard. Norman got married to his lovely wife Jessie, and they lived in Wolf Creek. Jessie would force Norman to take his brother in law fishing....
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...There are many different scenarios in which one person is attempting to help another person with their issues. However, this help if often not well received. In the movie A River Runs Through It, one of the main characters is a good example of someone who is not willing to accept an offer of help. Paul, a journalist and fly fisherman, has a gambling addiction and is not willing to accept help from his brother and father. As a result of Paul not willing to accept help, he is shot and killed because of a bad gambling situation. Many people do not want to take the help when they are in a time of need. There can be many different reasons why people do not want to receive help. One reason that this is hard for people is because they might be in a state of denial. Another reason is that people are unwilling to take the help because they do not want to address their situation. Offering help to someone that is unwilling to take it is tough for both you and the person in need of help as it can cause uncomfortable situations. Denial can be a barrier because many of the situations that people get into where they need help are often hard to deal with. The person who needs the most help can often be so wrapped up in their situation that they do not want to admit that...
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...A River Runs through It, by Norman Maclean, is the coming-of-age story of the author and his brother, Paul. Sons of a Scottish Presbyterian minister and his wife, the two boys grow up in a small town in western Montana at the turn of the last century. Born in 1902, Maclean wrote this story as part memoir, partly for his brother and a beautiful way of life in Montana, both of which are now lost. Written when Maclean was in his seventies, the novel attempts to immortalize a time, place, and people, now lost to the author: a more brutal yet innocent time, an unspoiled landscape, a brother’s uncanny talents for fishing and trouble, and a father’s love, support, and guidance. Norman speaks nostalgically, but not sentimentally, of the events that...
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...Emotional Appeal and Religious Symbolism in American Film Director/Actor, Robert Redford It can be noted that in the majority of all the films directed by Robert Redford, there is a strong resemblance between the films and the characters he creates. Redford is strongly opinionated on politics and ethical rights. Political and religious symbolism can be found in almost all of his films. One of the most notable hallmarks of Robert Redford’s work, A River Runs Through It, is a profound example of the raw emotion Redford instills within his character that resonates so well with a wide range of audiences. Within the films he directs, Robert Redford’s characters seem to harbor emotions that bleed through the screen and into the viewer’s home because—much like the filmmaker himself—Redford’s films truly wear their heart on their sleeves. The films themselves seem to creep into the audience’s minds, leaving viewers longing for more or to simply be there in that moment feeling just like the characters Redford creates on screen. Born August 18, 1936, in Santa Monica, California, Robert Redford has proved to be one of the greats in American filmmaking; starring in classics such as The Sting and Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. Robert Redford is also notably known for helping kick-start The Sundance Film Festival in 1978, which has since evolved into one of the film industry's most prominent affairs. However, before experiencing success within the American filmmaking community, Redford...
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...The Brazos River Basin Watershed The Brazos River Watershed is the second largest river basin in Texas, and it extends from eastern New Mexico to the Gulf of Mexico. It travels into the Gulf of Mexico and runs through different climates that are the home to a variety of plants and animals. For the most part, the Brazos River Watershed is in Texas, however, it reaches from eastern New Mexico to the Gulf of Mexico. Of its 44,620 square miles, 42,000 square miles are in Texas. The Brazos River Watershed begins 50 miles west of the Texas-New Mexico border, and 1,050 miles later it empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The Brazos River is formed where the Salt and Double Mountain Forks of the river meet. Although the river is 1,050-miles long, the...
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...ABTRACT This project paper studies the potential of hydroelectric energy as a way to effectively generate, use and store renewable energy through the clean gravitational potential energy of stored water. Nuclear and coal fired plants could do change power output to achieve demand but at extremely high maintenance cost. Nuclear plants also being a good source of continuous energy has a high chance of posing hazard to the environment. Coal and fossil fuel fired power plants on the other hand cannot be depended on because the source will diminish someday. Therefore, alternative methods have to be explored in order to find a renewable and sustainable energy for the future generations. This project paper will study the benefits of hydroelectric energy as a potential and important energy source for a sustainable future. INTRODUCTION 1.0 Hydropower Hydropower is a renewable energy source based on the natural water cycle. Hydropower is the most mature, reliable and cost-effective renewable power generation technology available. Hydropower schemes often have significant flexibility in their design and can be designed to meet base-load demands with relatively high capacity factors, or have higher installed capacities and a lower capacity factor, but meet a much larger share of peak demand. Hydropower is the largest renewable energy source, and it produces around 16 % of the world’s...
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...Watersheds, Watersheds, Watersheds Water is essential to have for any living thing, any given day. Most humans use, consume, or waste the most amount of water. Humans have the mindset that water will never run out, when in fact that is just the case. Our water is slowly vanishing, being contaminated, or wasted. There are key factors to take into consideration when determining how our water is doing not only internationally, but globally. When it comes to water, the World Health Organization (WHO) is one of the main corporations responsible for passing along the information on how the water security is doing. There are more ways to infect water than to help it. The WHO clearly states on the front page of the water section of their website, “The amount of fresh water on earth is limited, and its quality is under constant pressure. Preserving the quality of fresh water is important for the drinking-water supply, food production, and recreational water use. Water quality can be compromised by the presence of infectious agents, toxic chemicals, and radiological hazards” (WHO). This is just an emphasis on the importance of being aware of the preservation of water and how it easily it can affect anything when infected. The WHO does everything in order to ensure the safety of the water and creates opportunities to become informed about the water one drinks. Water has a huge affect on anything living. Water has the same impact on the United States as it does globally. If water...
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...Gompa or monastery means a solitary place. Since the advent of Buddhism, it has been playing a central role in religious, political, military and civic activities of the communities that adopted Buddhism as religion. Historically, Buddhism had started to spread more as a way of education than a religion per se. So, in the initial days, gompas came up in two forms – Avasa (temporary in nature and more so in rural and nomadic settings) and Arama (more permanent and usually associated with urban settlements of that era). Typically, a gompa would start as a seat of learning where learned scholars would study, meditate and congregate for learned discussions. Some influential patrons would donate well to support the construction of a common hall for all such activities. It would also be usual to have a boundary wall around such halls. In return, scholars will then initiate such patrons and allow them to participate in learned discussion. Such a privilege was not allowed to commoners. As the populations grew and number of scholars and monks went up, such basic structures slowly and steadily evolved into gompas as we see today. In general, every gompa has religious, administrative, residential portions. Typically, a gompa will have the following structures:- --Guha or Iha-khang or Main Sanctum. It will have Du-khang or assembly room and Go-khang/ La-khang or inner chamber. Inner chambers are generally out of bounds for ladies unless the deities inside are fully covered or the chamber...
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...Crimson Shadow Laura Jones English 102-92 12 June 2010 Loving the Untamed Artist Norman Maclean was a well-established English professor at the University of Chicago for many years before writing an account of his life in the western Rocky Mountains during the early 1900’s titled A River Runs Through It. Maclean focuses much of this account on the experiences of his brother, Paul, and himself. These experiences further centralize around the brothers’ primitive pastime, fly fishing. The plot twists through childhood memories and growing pains to unveil his life’s disappointments, risks, and losses. A few habitual values surface from within these pages. Through the relationship of two brothers, Norman Maclean’s A River Runs Through It depicts the values of unconditional love, self-control, and appreciation for art. Expressed with acute emotional detail, A River Runs Through It combines positive and negative experiences to give a clear meaning to unconditional love. Maclean does not waste many pages before giving himself a conscientious loving-brother image. The first negative circumstance which would hinder Norman’s perception of his younger brother, Paul, occurs early in the story. Norman reacts to this situation by “[standing] still until [he can] again see the woman in bib overalls marveling at his shadow casting” (Maclean 37). He thinks back to a positive memory of his brother before approaching his holding cell to take him home. Norman reinforces his character with honesty...
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...water that falls as rain soaks into the ground or gets carried away by rivers. But in urban areas, the built environment alters the natural drainage of water, with hard surfaces increasing both the rate and amount of rainwater that turns into run-off. And it has to go somewhere. Traditional piped ‘drains’ have a limited capacity to cope with the high levels of surface water generated by extreme rainfall events. And, when the capacity of one or more parts of the drainage system is exceeded, the worst happens. For example, in the floods of June 2007, extreme rainfall in the Midlands and the north of England led to large-scale urban flooding, with over 55,000 properties affected: two thirds of these were from surface water run-off overloading drainage systems. In addition to flood risk, large amounts of surface water run-off can cause water quality problems. As water runs over hard urban surfaces, it picks up pollutants that are washed into water courses. For example, run-off from roads contains heavy metals and hydrocarbons which can seriously impact on water quality. A well planned drainage infrastructure helps to manage water run-off by preventing domestic properties and other spaces such as paved public areas, car-parks, driveways and roads acting as conduits for run-off water. And it is more sustainable to manage storm water in a way that allows it to permeate naturally through the ground where it falls rather than being directed into already...
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...the River Tillingbourne match the Bradshaw Model? As you travel further downstream a river, the rivers discharge increases. The water discharge increases as it flows downstream it meets more streams and also collects rain from the increased catchment area. As you travel further downstream a river, the rivers discharge increases. The water discharge increases as it flows downstream it meets more streams and also collects rain from the increased catchment area. Channel depth increases downstream. As there is an increased discharge, you have much more energy for erosion, also a larger body of water. Channel depth increases downstream. As there is an increased discharge, you have much more energy for erosion, also a larger body of water. The Bradshaw describes how a river's characteristics vary between the upper course and lower course of a river. Load particle size decreases as you travel downstream. The load the river carries is broken down into smaller material via processes such as attrition. Load particle size decreases as you travel downstream. The load the river carries is broken down into smaller material via processes such as attrition. Although we haven’t studied the River Tillingbourne specifically, we have studied the River Severn, which has similar characteristics such as meanders. We should still expect similar features in aspects such as velocity and discharge. It is important to study rivers as it means you can research characteristics of a river, which...
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...Kris Cisek Mr. Hueber Earth Science 18 November 2015 Columbia Dams The fundamental key to understanding the Columbia River dams is knowing what a dam is. A dam is a barrier to obstruct the flow of water, especially one of earth, masonry, etc., built across a stream or river. The Columbia River is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region. The river is 1,243 miles long. The north part of the river is located in the Canadian Rockies high glaciers. From there, the main body of the Columbia River extends over a thousand miles before arriving at the Pacific. Ample amount of precipitation from the hydrologic cycle provides the river with its seasonal supply of water. The Columbia River was at one time the world’s largest producing salmon ground. Today there is less than 2.5 million adult salmon produced each year by the Columbia River. This is a big change from before when the Columbia River was estimated to produce about ten to sixteen...
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...points) Who are the Columbia River Treaty Tribes (list them), are where are each located geographically? Nez Perce-Idaho, Tribes of the Umatilla-Far North East Oregon, Tribes of Warm Springs-Mid NE Oregon, Tribes of Yakama Nation-Parts of Washington and Idaho. 1.2 (4 points) What are ceded lands? How do the ceded lands give the Treaty Tribes legal authority to manage salmon fisheries on the Columbia? (3-4 sentences) Ceded lands are lands that are required to be turned over to another party. In this case, land was given back to the Treaty Tribes. The ceded land allows the tribes full authority over the salmon fisheries due to ownership of the land and will allow fully control of the fisheries. 1.3 (8 points) Give the purpose for each part of the Lyle Falls Fishway (shown on the map) to demonstrate your understanding of how a fishway works. a. Fish bypass entry (Hint: the fish bypass is located next to an obstacle in the river. How does the bypass help fish get upstream?) This allows a way for the fish to maneuver up stream artificially and lets them be channeled in the proper areas much faster. b. Attraction flow generator. This increases the amount of fish opting to take the artificial fishway. c. Adult trapping and sorting facility. This facility is used to gather eggs and sperm in order to continue the cycle. d. PIT tag reader. Used to track and provide analytics on the number of salmon moving through the fishway. 1...
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...HYDROLOGY – “THE STUDY OF WATER” A stream is a flow of running water, large or small, whereas a river is a large stream of water. Both are integral parts of the hydrological cycle – their main function is to transport water from the land to the sea. Hydrological cycle – it is another term for the water cycle. Precipitation – It’s the type, total amount and intensity of precipitation are key factors in determining the nature of water movement Interception – Vegetation intercepts some precipitation on its way to the ground, water is lost back into the atmosphere by evapotranspiration. Intercepting plants use water for growth and vegetation reduces and slows down water transfer. Infiltration - It involves water moving from the ground surface into the soil, the rate of this depends on moisture content of the soil and its porosity. Evaporation – It’s when water is loss from the ground surface into the atmosphere Overland flow – It’s a rapid form of water transfer over the surface of the ground, it’s likely to happen during periods of heavy rainfall or when the soil has become completely saturated. Evapo-transpiration – It’s when water is loss from the ground surface to the atmosphere, combines with water given off from plants to form the main output from the system. Through-flow – The downhill transfer of water through the soil layer to the river, this shallow transfer can be quite rapid in very porous sandy soils. Percolation – The deeper transfer of water into permeable...
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