...1. Today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit all over the world. 2. It is the single biggest avoidable cause of death and disability in developed countries. 3. Americans smoke 6 billion cigarettes every year. 4. In the United Kingdom there are about 13 million smokers. 5. In China, 35% above the age of 15 are smokers. 6. There are 6.5 billion people in the world, and about 1.2 billion of them are smokers, which make up to 20% of the world’s total population. 7. Therefore， many countries have worked out laws forbidding smokers to smoke in public places such as cinemas， hospitals and stations. 8. It's a very serious problem because not only the old， the youth， but also middle school students and girls have been engaged in smoking. 9. We meet smokers everywhere. 1. Many heavy smokers say they cannot leave off， although they know smoking is harmful to their health. And they have tried again and again to stop. 2. In their view, smoking is very interesting. 3. Even more people think smoking can relax them when they are under pressure. 1. However in the smoke there are many harmful sustains such as nicotine(尼古丁) carbon monoxide and so on . 2. Nicotine included in a smoke can kill a mouse and twenty smokes can kill a cattle. 3. You can calculate how many you had been smoking and calculate how many mice or cattle you had killed. 1. The poisonous gas from smoking is one of the major causes of many kinds...
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...CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND I. Introduction The use of tobacco continues to be a major cause of health problems worldwide. There is currently an estimated 1.3 billion smokers in the world, with 4.9 million people dying because of tobacco use in a year. If this trend continues, the number of deaths will increase to 10 million by the year 2020, 70% of which will be coming from countries like the Philippines. (The Role of Health Professionals in Tobacco Control, WHO, 2005). The World Health Organization released a document in 2003 entitled Policy Recommendations for Smoking Cessation and Treatment of Tobacco Dependence. This document very clearly stated that as current statistics indicate, it will not be possible to reduce tobacco related deaths over the next 30-50 years unless adult smokers are encouraged to quit. Also, because of the addictiveness of tobacco products, many tobacco users will need support in quitting. Population survey reports showed that approximately one third of smokers attempt to quit each year and that majority of these attempts are undertaken without help. However, only a small percentage of cigarette smokers (1-3%) achieve lasting abstinence, which is at least 12 months of abstinence from smoking, using will power alone (Fiore et al 2000) as cited by the above policy paper. The policy paper also stated that support for smoking cessation or “treatment of tobacco dependence” refers to a range of techniques including motivation, advice...
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...now among the principal cause of deaths in the US. Statistics shows that smoking is responsible for approximately 443,000 deaths in America and with about 50,000 being secondary smokers. About 45 million Americans are smokers, an estimated 3,800 youths are introduced to tobacco use daily. America spends about $96 billion in smoking-related ailments and $97 billion on productivity, which shows tragic impact to the economy. Smoking is addictive, and its effects is not limited to individual, but to finances and further poses a challenge to the state. Accordingly, there is a need for people to work towards quitting smoking. This paper discusses the effects of tobacco use, the available methods for regulating tobacco, and other new methods that addicts can use to quit cigarette smoking. How Smoking Becomes Addicting and its Effects on Human Health Cigarette smoke contains a concoction of about 400 chemicals. Most of the chemicals lack profound research by experts. The more these chemicals are understood, the more it will become easier to control tobacco use and its effects. Nicotine is among tobacco chemicals that is popular but often misunderstood. It is a sympathomimetic constituent in tobacco that makes smokers addicted to tobacco. It causes both distasteful mental and physical effects to smokers when they try to withdraw. It also enhances the production of catecholamines, as well as several neurotransmitters that cause cardiovascular ailments, such as hypertension. The...
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...Methodology | | Results | | Discussion | | Conclusion | | References | | Abstract Our purpose is to help people to understand dangers of smoking on them and people around them, hoping to decrease at least numbers of smokers to let them enjoy a healthier and longer life without problems. Introduction: Like most people, you already know that smoking is bad for your health. But do you really understand just how dangerous smoking really is and how it can be also deadly for non smokers too? Do you know that the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year smoking causes about 6 million deaths which is about 10% of all deaths and 0.6 million of these occurring in non smokers too due to second hand smoke? Do you know that smoking is considered as the greatest cause of preventable death globally? Since stopping smoking can be an extremely difficult process, understanding exactly how smoking harms your body and people around you can help keep you motivated to end that habit. So in our research we are going to talk about smoking health problems and second hand smoke. Literature review: Male and female smokers lose an average of 13.2 and 14.5 years of life, respectively. [1] About one half of long term male smokers will die of illness due to smoking. A person's increased risk of contracting disease is directly proportional to the length of time that a person continues to smoke as well as the amount smoked. However, if someone stops smoking, then...
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...Tobacco & Smoking: Smoking is a world wide hazard. It is a single most important cause of preventable premature death. According to WHO figures there are about 1.3 billion smokers in the world. 20 billion cigarettes are sold every day. Smoking is declining in US and many other western countries In USA smoking rate have decreased to almost half over the last three decades but it is on the rise in developing countries like Pakistan, India, Philippine, Thailand and Cambodia . In some developed countries in far East like Japan and China more than 60 % of male population smokes. One third of the world population smokes, 12 % of them are women and every day 100,000 kids are added to this number. Every year 5.6 million people die of tobacco/smoking related diseases. Every 6 second a current or former smoker dies. 70 % of smokers die younger than normal population. Smokers die 15 year younger than non smokers. In 21st century, 1.3 billion people will die of smoking. Smoking cigarette, pipe, cigar, Huqua, Shisha and other use of tobacco like chewing tobacco and tobacco sniffing all are dangerous and addictive. Nicotine present in tobacco smoke causes addiction by increasing the brain levels of chemicals like Dopamine and Endrophine. These chemicals give a sense of happiness hence there is craving for tobacco products. If a person tries to quit, withdrawal effects include irritability, anxiety, depression and lack of concentration. Tobacco and tobacco smoke have about 4...
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...exists to this very day. That product is the tobacco plant. Early settlers of our great nation grew and brought this very plant from various parts of the world. Little did they know that the tobacco plant would eventually be rolled into a piece of filter paper, added to other harmful substances, and turn into one of the largest health addictions mankind has ever faced. It was not until the two World Wars of the 20th century, where the fad of cigarette smoking skyrocketed (“The History of Smoking”). During the period of the World Wars, medical research was still in its infancy stages and no corollary was established between cigarette smoking and its adverse health effects. It was not until 1964, when the United States Surgeon General stated that cigarette smoking was directly linked to lung cancer (“The History of Smoking”). This is when the government decided it was the best to intervene since the safety of its citizens was at stake. In today’s day and age, cigarette companies have expanded in various different markets and are a part of a multi-billion dollar industry. Unfortunately even with all the technological advances and modern day medical practices that mankind has discovered, cigarette smoking is still a gargantuan health concern within our population (“The History of Smoking”). Governments from all over the world are attempting to conjure up more and more regulations to limit these cigarette industry giants from influencing their citizens with this despicable habit...
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...Quit Smoking Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable deaths and has negative health impacts on people at all stages of life. There are 1.1 billion smokers in the world today. If current trend continues, that number will increase to 1.6 billion by the year 2025. Worldwide, one in five teens aged 13 to 15 smokes. Every eight seconds, a human life is lost to tobacco use somewhere in the world. This translates to approximately 5 million deaths annually. Research has shown that smoking reduces life expectancy by seven to eight years. On average, each cigarette shortens the life a smoker by around 11 minutes. While smoking harms your health, you will not realize it initially. That is why the World Health Organization termed tobacco as a “gradual killer.” A strong combination of psychological and biological factors has kept people to continue smoking. The chemicals in cigarettes work on the structures deep within the brain of a smoker, literally rewiring it so the habit becomes deeply ingrained. By the time the effect surfaces, smokers are addicted and it might be too late. The more cigarettes you smoke in a day, and the longer you smoke, the higher your risk of getting cancer. This is particularly true of lung cancer, throat cancer and mouth cancer, which rarely affect non-smokers. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are 4000 chemical compounds found in cigarette with at least 250 of them are harmful to human health. Carbon monoxide, tar and...
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...Smokers In some countries, people are no longer allowed to smoke in many public places and office buildings. Do you think this is a good rule or a bad rule? Use specific reasons and details to support your position. The question about whether people should be allowed to smoke in public places is the one that is open for debate. All people can be devided on two groups: smokers and not smokers. Smokers agree that they do not benefit the society by smoking, but think that they should have some special places in office buildings or public places where they can smoke. However, others believe that smokers should not be allowed to smoke in any places except their own apartments. Personally, I completely agree with the last opinion. For the following reasons, which I will mention bellow, I think that smokers should not contaminate the air other people breathe. The first reason for this is that smokers not only damage their own health but actually cause damage to the health of others. Scientists say that people who do not smoke, but regulary breathe in the smoke of cigarettes, so-called "passive smokers", poison their health more then smokers themselves. For example, when I was a student I lived with the roommate who was a chain smoker. First I did not know what to do, I smelled that smoke everywhere and I could not breathe freely, but in a few weeks I got used to it. Now I think that I was a real smoker because of the fact that I regulary breathed in so much smoke. Second...
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...Essay 3: Should smokers pay health taxes or no? Minh Anh Nguyen City University of Seattle Smoking is something that happens every day in our life. People can easily find someone smoking in some street corners, even in public places like train station, hospital, dormitory. It is not strange if you cross the road and see a mom who is enjoying her cigarette in front of her child. It is a kind of action that has become a part of our society and it accidentally makes people think that smoking is normal and it is just a habit and people do not feel like they have to stop it. Even some people are aware of the negative impacts of smoking they still ignore it and let it happen. People used to have the same thinking and concept about smoking. Not long ago, humans believed that smokers should not pay a health tax because the idea of “smoking is just a habit” it went deep into their mind. Until the day they all witnessed cancer took away people’s lives, which was the moment when all the memories and images of smoking throughout her life came up in their head. Now they can remember cancer like it just happened yesterday. It made humane society see things in a different way. Not only cancer is caused of smoking but also million people are getting killed by heart diseases every day. According to Centers for diseases control and prevention (n.d), “Tobacco use causes nearly 6 million deaths per year, and current trends show that tobacco use will cause more than...
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...contents, such as nicotine and tobacco. It is also the largest cause of preventable death in the world. Smoking should be prohibited or restricted in all public places because it has been shown to be hazardous to health. I think that our country should ban smoking and the production of cigarettes in order to become a healthier nation. The arguments against smoking have been very known to the public. Smoking has been shown to be dangerous to health. Smoking causes many deaths because it leads to many complications such as heart disease, lung problems and numerous types of cancers. Despite these health problems, cigarettes are can easily be found in almost every store in the United States. As we know, smoking also act as the pivotal cause of chronic bronchitis. Smokers inhale the smoke into their lungs, which irritates the air passages. This produces mucus, developing into chronic bronchitis. Meaning the more smoke you inhale, the more it affects your lungs but it can be more dangerous to a passive smoker who breathe in the smoke by being in close quarters of the actual smoker. Second, the bad effects of smoking cannot be impaired concerning health issue. Nicotine is the main link causing lung cancer which has become a problem to other countries. Passive effect of smoking is also another subject to consider. Medical researches show that a non-smoking person living long with a smoker has a great chance of getting lung cancer too and this is called passive smoking. Usually it is...
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...The Effects of Smoking Smoking is one of the most common vices that some people have. For smokers, it has already become a part of their daily routine. In fact, the number of smokers has been dramatically increasing every year. In this essay, I will be discussing more about smoking with the hope of convincing smokers to consider quitting smoking. According to a news by the Food and Agricultural Organization of United Nations (FAO), the number of smokers has increased from 1.1 billion to 1.3 billion worldwide which is equivalent to an increase of about 1.5% annually. If we are to count the tons of tobacco sold annually, it would reach about 7.1 million (“Higher world,” 2004). Given that fact, it is very disturbing and disappointing to know that this bad habit is slowly spreading to almost seven billion people worldwide like an epidemic. However, let us try considering some of the reasons why they smoke. Seeing their older relatives or their parents smoke makes them consider starting smoking as well. As a result, most teenagers think that smoking makes them look matured. Another reason why they smoke is peer pressure. If one’s group of friends is a group of smokers, there is a high possibility that he will also be influenced by them for the sake of fitting in. Minors also tend to be excited to try something new such as smoking. Some also consider smoking as their way of relieving from their personal problems; it is where they pour out all their stress. Lastly, they use...
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...prevention of notable effects resulting from tobacco use, especially smoking through reinforcing public awareness on the effects of cigarette smoking. Recommendations on policy implementation will also be offered. Summary/ Problem Statement Tobacco use, especially smoking has been attributed ample health conditions. World Health Organization identifies tobacco use as a core concern for public health, being one of the enormous threats to public health in the world. Despite the existence of public awareness programs, tobacco use continues to impact on our society economically, socially, and health wise. Therefore, it is time to introduce a more appropriate approach of passing the message to the peoplethat will complement the existing policies. The policy deals with cigarette packaging, where advertising images should be removed from cigarette packets and replaced with images passing health messages. Discussion Currently, cigarette manufacturers use the cigarette packet for advertisement, brand promotion, and some section for health message. Arguably, the health message section is often micro or impulsive to convey the strong health message to the public. The World Health Organization, 2015, reports that tobacco use contribute directly to the death of approximately 5.4 million people worldwide every year. This is a significant number of people dying, yet such deaths can be averted or controlled. Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicate...
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...1. The following argument violates some principles of well-crafted arguments: While 1[there is much wickedness in the world,] 2[then there is also much good.] For 3[if there is evil, then there must be good,] since 4[good and evil are relative, like big and small.] And no one will deny that 5[evil exists.] Answer questions ‘a’ to ‘e’ below from the passage above. A) Write a well-crafted version of the argument, replacing the emotionally loaded verbiage with more neutral language. 1. The world has much good and evil. b) Examine each statement and explain the reference to the language and sentences used as to how you could decide whether this argument is valid or invalid. The language used is uniformed and charitable. The linkage between the premises and conclusion is not obscured. Statement 1 and 2 are true premises. Argument 3 may be classified as false because evil is not a must in this world nor is good. The argument is valid because the conclusion links to premise although some premises in the argument are false. c) Give one examples each of how hedges and assurances are used in arguments that are not well-crafted. Assurances indicate that the writer is confident in the premise or conclusion. For example: Messi and Ronaldo are good football players. Everyone knows that Messi is a better footballer than Ronaldo. The assurance in the argument above is ‘Everyone knows that’. In the argument, the writer is confident that that in his statement that Messi...
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...this dangerous habit. The Canadian population is addict to this unhealthy habit of tobacco smoking (Albert Health Services, 2012). Discussion Tobacco smoking is really injurious to health. The smoke of tobacco contains several dangerous chemical. These chemicals are injurious to both smokers and nonsmokers. There are more than 7,000 chemicals in the tobacco smoke. Al large amount of them, around 250 chemicals, are very harmful. These harmful chemicals include carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, and ammonia. The habit of tobacco smoking is very dangerous for health. It affects almost every organ and part of the body. The ultimate impact of smoking is the diminishing of overall health (Propel, 2012). Health Consequences of Smoking There are millions of Canadian who smoking has caused lots of problems. It is also the primary cause of cancer. This cancer even leads to death. It cause causes to several parts of the body including lungs, larynx, throat, mouth, kidney, pancreas, bladder, and stomach. It also causes heart deceases and heart stroke. The habitual smokers are at higher risk that they develop airway infections and pneumonia (Schane et al, 2010). If a smoker is pregnant then there are heavy chances that she might give too early birth, and the birth weight may also be very low. A female...
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...in the world, whether they are caused naturally, intentionally, or accidentally. Providing strategic direction and support against these threats is a national health organization known as the CDC (or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). The CDC is one of the most predominate national health institutes the United States and the world. Its main office is located in Atlanta, Georgia. According to the CDC website, the CDC organization has been dedicated for more than six decades to the sole purpose of “protecting the health of the public and promoting quality of life through control and prevention of injuries, diseases, and disability”. It promotes programs that are intended to lessen the health and economic consequences of the leading causes of death and disability, thus ensuring a long, productive, and healthy life for people around the globe (CDC). Around March of 2012, the CDC has launched the first ever paid national anti-smoking campaign called “Tips from Former Smokers” (or TIPS for short) in an attempt to raise awareness of human suffering that is being caused by smoking and to encourage young and old smokers to quit. It also targets nonsmokers as well, because it can potentially harm them as well. It encourages nonsmokers to protect themselves and their loved ones from exposure to second hand smoking. This campaign featured ads about real people whose lives have been affected by cigarette smoking or second hand smoking. Some of them are former smokers, while...
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