...Too Sexy Too Soon? A Case Study of Abercrombie & Fitch Stephanie Roussell / MC 7999 / 11.21.11 Introduction Abercrombie and Fitch, an American retailer with nearly 800 U.S. and international stores, is no stranger to controversy. The company has long profited from shock value and consumer backlash not only in its marketing, but also in its clothing and employment practices. Known for its preppy, casual style of mid-luxury clothing, the retailer is a mainstay in the American shopping mall. But recent controversies about its product style and marketing practices have kept the company continually in the news. The latest controversy is no different. In March 2011, the company posted a new product on its Abercrombie kids website: the “Ashley” bikini, a striped triangle bathing suit, sized for girls ages 8 to 14. It seemed innocent enough until one small word in the clothing description caused a firestorm of media and activist backlash. The website described the bikini as a “push-up,” complete with “extra padding for breast enhancement.” (Mendez, para. 1) Because this description was added to a website that markets to girls as young as 2nd grade, it caused an uproar about the company’s intentions of over-sexualizing young girls. Comments began pouring in decrying the company’s apparent lack of decency or sensitivity. All were asking the same question: “how soon is too sexy?” Did this controversy expose a company intent on objectifying young girls? Or is it another cog in the...
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...{draw:frame} Abercrombie and Fitch Case Study 4/21/2010 Executive Summary: Abercrombieand Fitch was Founded as a High Quality sporting goods store in 1982 by David Abercrombie. Abercrombie Co opened its first store in Manhattan, New York with the intention of providing high quality equipment to an elite segment of the market. Throughout the years, Abercrombie and Fitch Co has proven itself to be able to adapt to the constant changing retail market and has slowly evolved in the retail giant we are familiar with today. Abercrombie and Fitch currently employ a focused differentiation strategy where they target customers ages 12-25. Instead of using conventional methods of strengthening their brand through advertising and a squeaky clean image, A&F instead takes full advantage of controversy and word of mouth advertizing in order to gain their customer base. It is through A&F’s unorthodox methods that they have been able to establish themselves as a highly desirable, high quality apparel retailer and due to these factors they are able to charge a premium price for their products. A&F’s current strategies have helped them to not only establish themselves in the United States, but they are now poised to expand into the global market. With the recent opening of flagship locations in Tokyo, London, Milan, A&F now has a solid foothold to tap into the Western European and Asian Markets. With the potential in these foreign markets, A&F should realize high levels of growth...
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...On May 26, 2018 at approximately 1359 hours, I was at the Walmart in reference to an unrelated case. I was approached by Loss Prevention Associate Marion Edwards, Who advised there was a W/F at self-checkout register 37. Marion advised the W/F was being observed by Loss Prevention Associate Steven Uliano actively bagging several items without paying for them. Marion advised he had observed the W/F bagging merchandise without paying for it as well. I observed Marion stopping the W/F as she was exiting the general merchandise exit of the store. Marion identified himself as loss prevention for the store and explained the reason for stopping the W/F. The W/F was identified by her Florida driver’s license as Amy Jo Harrison. Amy was read Miranda from an agency issued card and verbally acknowledged she understood her rights. Amy was placed in handcuffs (double locked) and escorted to...
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...1. In this case, Joseph F. Yania went to discuss a business matter with John E. Bigan. Both Mr. Yania and Mr. Bigan operated separate coal strip-mining operations. While Mr. Yania was at the property, Mr. Bigan asked him to assist in starting a pump in order to drain water from one of the cut trenches. While standing at the top of one of the cut’s walls, Mr. Yania jumped into the water and drowned. The widow of Mr. Yania attempted to bring suit against Mr. Bigan for her husband’s death. The case was dismissed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in 1959. Due to the fact that Mr. Yania is deceased and cannot speak as to why he jumped, I would speculate that the true reason may never be known. Mr. Yania’s widow alleges that Mr. Bigan taunted her husband and urged him to jump into the water. However, due to Mr. Yania being 33 years old and of sound mental judgment, I find this allegation hard to believe. The court case did not provide any substantial evidence that Mr. Yania...
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...Catherine Sprauer are the main figures in this case and they had important responsibilities in F&C International, Inc. Jon Fries was the President, CEO, and managing director of F&C international, Inc. He was in charge of the total management of the company. The key responsibilities of Jon Fries were to align the company, internally and externally, with his strategic vision. His duties were to facilitate business outside of the company while guiding employees and other executive officers towards a central objective. As a CEO, Jon Fries had high interaction with F&C`s independent auditors, but he misguided them by creating false documents, mislabeling inventory, and undercutting the subordinates` attempts to expose the fraud. Fletcher Anderson was the Chief Operating Officer and member of company's board of directors. As the COO of the company, his responsibilities were to ensure that business operations are efficient and effective and that the proper management resources, distribution of goods and services to customers, and analysis of systems are conducted. Anderson later became the president and CEO of F&C international, Inc. As a COO, Fletcher Anderson had interaction with F&C`s independent auditors. He and controller supposed to provide all the documents and answer all the questions of the independent auditors but they didn�t tell them about the fraud of the company. Craig Schuster served as the Chief Financial Officer of F&C international. He was responsible for managing...
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...Susan Colaiacovo Student ID: 21918458 Part A 1. What is required to implement an organizations commitment to social responsibility? What are the main obstacles to implementing socially responsible policies? Name specifications that can be taken toward increased social responsibility. Managers can use the social audit to assess corporate social responsibility. The social audit allows management to evaluate the success or lack of success of programs resulting in the improvement of social performance. The information attained with a social audit can be used to plan and implement socially responsible practices and policies. The essence of the challenge is balancing a company’s bottom line against social responsibilities and effective approaches to environmental protection. Organizations should also examine their values to make sure they are in tune with society value. The obstacles in implementing social responsible policies includes the pressure from financial analysts and stock holders who push for steady increases in earnings on a quarterly basis. An example of social responsibility is increased diversity in the work place. As well as contributions of time and money to charitable, cultural, and civic organizations. Environmental awareness is another way companies demonstrate their sense of social responsibility by limiting the damage their operations...
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...Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II (2015) The F-35 has extremely stealth and agile technology, including an integrated sensor package and a range of advanced weaponry such as Sidewinder and Storm Shadow and Joint Direct Attack Munitions (JDAMs). The single seat fighter has high speed data networking, integrated avionics and sensor fusion which helps to combine the information from off and on board sensors. Pilot will be more aware of the situation and be better able to identify his target and deliver the weapons. Information can be relayed more quickly to other control and command nodes. There are electro-hydrostatic actuators driven by a flight control system. Lockheed Martin / Boeing F-22 Raptor (2005) The single seat F-22 Raptor is an extremely high tech and twin-engine aircraft. It has integrated avionics and its performance is highly stealth and superior, making it a super-manoeuvrable fighter. At supersonic and subsonic speeds, the Raptor is highly manoeuvrable. It is capable of performing very high angle of attack manoeuvres and maintain stability...
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...CASE: C U S TOM F A B R I C AT O R S , I N C . — F R O M L E A N MA N U F A C T U R I N G PA R T N E R TO C O N T R A C T MA N U F A C T U R E R As Ben Lawson, CEO of Custom Fabricators, Inc., drove back to his home in South Indianapolis, he thought about the day. I’ve done a lot of business with Orleans Elevator in Bloomington over the years, but just wonder how long this will continue. I have much invested in my manufacturing plant located right next to their plant, but now that United Technologies [the parent company of Orleans] is all into this FreeMarkets Internet purchasing system, I just wonder how long they are going to be interested in keeping me in the supply chain loop. It’s been a good business over the past few years. I was in the right place at the right time when Orleans got into just-in-time and lean manufacturing in the late 1980s. Initially I was just making the control panels for the elevators. It was interesting to walk into a new building, get on the elevator, and see my company’s handiwork in that beautiful stainless steel panel that houses the buttons for the floors on the building. I could take a lot of pride in the craftsmanship even though it was largely a technology thing. That new numerically controlled machine tool that I purchased in 1985 made making the holes in those custom panels easy. We are still making beautiful panels. Since that time, my company has gotten a lot of other business from Orleans. We now make all kinds of special brackets...
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...1. A) * ID – Test Case 001 Input values Array (a) = [8] Expected Output Max = a [0] = 8 * ID – Test Case 002 Input values Array (a) = [] (array a is empty) Expected Output Max = a [0] = null * ID – Test Case 003 Input values Array (a) = [1,3,5,7,9] Expected Output Max = a [4] = 9 * ID – Test Case 004 Input values Array (a) = [9,7,5,3] Expected Output Max = a [0] = 9 * ID – Test Case 005 Input values Array (a) = [5,6,1] Expected Output Max = a [1] = 6 * ID – Test Case 006 Input values Array (a) = [1,3,8,6] Expected Output Max = a [2] = 8 B) * ID – Test Case 007 Input values Array (a) = [2] Expected Output Max = a [0] = 2 * ID – Test Case 008 Input values Array (a) = [] (array is empty) Expected Output Max = a [0] = null * ID – Test Case 009 The algorithm goes through the entire array, First it checks if the length of the array is 0, if it is then it just returns null, if not then it takes the first index in the array and compares it with the max value, if the max value is less then the value in that index then the max value changes to the value in that index. As the algorithm moves on to check the other indexes and compares it. If the max value is more then the value in the index, the algorithm moves on to the next index and compares it s described. Then it returns the max value. Input values Array (a) = [1,3,5,8] Expected...
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...Fordham Law Review Volume 55 | Issue 6 Article 5 1-1-1987 Constructive Discharge Under the ADEA: An Argument for the Intent Standard Ira M. Saxe Recommended Citation Ira M. Saxe, Constructive Discharge Under the ADEA: An Argument for the Intent Standard, 55 Fordham L. Rev. 963 (1987), http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol55/iss6/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Fordham Law School Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Law Review by an authorized administrator of The Fordham Law School Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact melnick@law.fordham.edu. CONSTRUCTIVE DISCHARGE UNDER THE ADEA: AN ARGUMENT FOR THE INTENT STANDARD INTRODUCTION The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended 1 (ADEA), prohibits employers2 from discriminating on the basis of age against individuals forty years of age or older.' An employer may not trine of constructive discharge,7 which occurs when the employer creates discharge4 an employee within the protected group based on his age, 5 except as provided by law. 6 In addition, the ADEA recognizes the docworking conditions so intolerable that a reasonable employee would be 1. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, Pub. L. No. 90-202, 81 Stat. 602 (1967) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 621-34 (1982 & Supp. III 1985)), as amended by Age Discrimination in Employment Amendments of 1986, Pub. L No. 99592, 100 Stat. 3342...
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...DATA STRUCTURES ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS Definition:- The method of solving a problem is known as an algorithm.It is a sequence of instructions that act on some input data to produce some output in a finite number of steps. Properties:- a) Input:An algorithm must receive some input data supplied externally. b)Output:An algorithm must produce atleast one output as the result. c)Finiteness:The algorithm must terminate after a finite number of steps. d)Definiteness:The steps to be performed in the algorithm must be clear and unambiguous. e)Effectiveness:One must be able to perform the steps in the algorithm without applying any intelligence. All algorithms basically fall under two broad categories-Iterative and Recursive algorithms. Iterative Algorithms typically use loops and conditional statements. Recursive Algorithms use a divide and Conquer strategy. As per this,the recursive algorithm breaks down a large problem into small pieces and then applies the algorithm to each of these smal pieces. Determining which algorithm is efficient than the other involves analysis of algorithms. While analyzing,time required to execute it determined .’time’ represents the number of operations that are carried out while executing the algorithm. While analyzing iterative algorithms we need to determine how many times the loop is executed. To analyze a recursive algorithm one needs to determine amount of work done for three things: ...
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...Alternatives After the Lantz Case” Article Brief: “Innocent Spouse Relief: Alternatives After the Lantz Case” The dilemmas described in the Lantz case reflect the high level of ambiguity that a filing spouse experiences when challenging IRC 6015 provisions for an Innocent Spouse Claim. Specifically, the stipulated filing timeframe in sub-section (F) of IRC 6015 – Equitable Relief. In general, there’s major discrepancies between the tax courts’ and IRS’ interpretation as to when the Equitable Relief application should be filed by the innocent spouse according to what’s referenced in sub-section F of the code. Such case brings about uncertainty when tax planners advice their clients on how to better strategize when in this situation, and better yet, avoiding it all together. Although the basic background and scope of code IRC 6015 and its sub-sections are fundamentally important, there are other components that bring about the controversy surrounding the provision. The most relevant is perhaps the fact that although sections 6015(B) and (C) requires requesting relief by filing form 8857 within two years of the initiation of an IRS collection activity with respect to the innocent spouse, section (F) contains no mention of a time limit for filing. Nevertheless, the IRS applies the same two-year limit to the equitable relief under section 6015 (F). Taking these points of controversy in consideration, one can further explore the effect of the Lantz case, where the innocent...
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...Gaussian Quadrature rule for Triangle and Tetrahedron Qikun Wu, Liuxing Shen Introduction We demonstrate the position of the Gaussian points in 2D and 3D case, and finished task 2. 1. two dimension case in two dimension case, we will talk about square and triangle. 1.1 tensor products of the one dimensional formula intuitively, if we directly use tensor product of one-dimensional case, we can have a ‘Gaussian Quadrature’ scheme in two dimension, which is illustrated as follows: 1 1 1 1 1 f ( , )d d 1 1 1 1 f ( , )d d n 1 n H i f (i , ) d H i f (i , )d 1 1 i 1 i 1 n n n n H i H j f (i , j ) H i H j f (i , j ) i 1 j 1 i 1 j 1 And this tensor product can extend to arbitrary dimension: n 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 f ( x1 , x2 n i1 xm )d x1dx2 dxm xm( im ) ) i1 1 i2 1 im 1 H Hi2 Him f ( x1( i1 ) , x2( i2 ) However, we can see that this quadrature is not based on some ‘orthogonal polynomial in 2D’, which is not an optimal solution, so we can expect that we can choose less point to reach the same accuracy. So we should let the quadrature scheme with the following form: I 1 1 1 1 f ( , )d d Wi f (i ,i ) i 1 n 1.2 non-tensor-product formula As stated before, the non-tensor product form can be made using only 7 points to achieve the same accuracy while the tensor...
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...as follows, y = f (x) this means y is related to x under the rule f . Also we say that the value of y depends on the value of x. This relation y = f (x) is called as a function if 1) the rule f assigns a single x value to single y value or 2) assigns multiple x values to single y value. 2 2.1 Shape of function When f (x) = ax + b Suppose that the function is given as follows. y = f (x) = ax + b ´ 1) Slope: f (x) = a and Y −intercept: b Y − axis is b.. b −a 2) Intersection with Y − axis: This is the case when x = 0. So from f (0) = b, the Intersection with 3) Intersection with X − axis: This is the case when y = 0. So the intersection with X − axis is from ax + b = 0. Example Suppose y = f (x) = ax + b. Draw this function in following each case. 1) When a > 0, b > 0 2) When a > 0, b < 0 3) When a < 0, b > 0 4) When a < 0, b < 0 Now suppose you want to find the linear function that passes through following two points,. x = (a, b) and y = (c, d). Then the linear function is defined as follows. ¶ µ b−d (x − a) + b f (x) = a−c µ ¶ b−d = (x − c) + d a−c ´ ³ ´ ³ b−d b−d So from f (x) = a−c (x − a) + b or f (x) = a−c (x − c) + d, ¶ (bc − ad) b−d x+ f (x) = a−c (c − a) | {z } | {z } µ 1 Here, the first term is the slope and the second term is Y-intercept. Example Find the linear function that passes through following two points. A = (2, 4) and B = (−4, −2) 2.2 When f (x) = ax2 + bx + c Suppose that the function is given as follows. y = f (x) = ax2 + bx +...
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...the form, fx= 12xTHx Now we know that the contours are ellipses. Therefore H is of the form, H=a00b Where a≠b. The Eigen Vectors as seen from the demonstration is 10 and 01. We can also infer that, a=λ1 b=λ2 The aspect ratio relation as defined for ellipses is, e=λ1λ2 The H matrix can be rewritten as, H=e2λ200λ2 Case 1: (e=0.3) I set f(x)=20 to determine the eigen values. One point on the contour is 14.90880. From this, H=0.18002 Now we determine the Objective value at (7,2) and is set correspondingly on the demonstration, f72=8.41 The Iterations are, 72→ 6.2872-0.1754→2.98810.857→2.688-0.0753→1.2990.371→1.14983-0.0323 Now we determine the Objective value at (-7,2) and is set correspondingly on the demonstration, f-72=8.41 -72→ -6.2872-0.1754→-2.98810.857→-2.688-0.0753→-1.2990.371→-1.14983-0.0323 Define, Fx=12x-x*THx-x*= 12xTHx=f(x) For 72 Iterate No. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | F(x(k)) | 8.41 | 3.588 | 1.538 | 0.655 | 0.289 | 0.120 | F(x(k+1))/F(x(k)) | 0.4266 | 0.4286 | 0.4258 | 0.441 | 0.415 | | For -72 Iterate No. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | F(x(k)) | 8.41 | 3.588 | 1.538 | 0.655 | 0.289 | 0.120 | F(x(k+1))/F(x(k)) | 0.4266 | 0.4286 | 0.4258 | 0.441 | 0.415 | | The upper...
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