...Running head: ADHD AND HOW IT RELATES TO FAMILIES AND SCHOOLS 1 ADHD AND HOW IT RELATES TO FAMILIES AND SCHOOLS 8 ADHD and How It Relates to Families and Schools Hayleigh Weldin California State University, Bakersfield Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most predominant childhood disorders and it is a community and family health problem that can result in meaningful psychiatric, social, family, and academic problems if not treated (Ercan, Ercan, Atilgan, Basay, Uysal, Berrin, & Ardic, 2015). ADHD, affects approximately five percent of school children worldwide and usually presents itself in early childhood (Prasad, Brogan, Mulvaney, Grainge, Stanton, & Sayal, 2013). Children with ADHD display...
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...Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a medical condition that typically presents in early childhood. In 1975, the Individualized Education Program (IEP) was created to ensure that each student gets an equal opportunity to obtain the same education, regardless of disability. An IEP outlines what accommodations are necessary for a child to succeed in their education. Most children with ADHD need to have special considerations to successfully complete their education. Children with ADHD often struggle in the typical structure of public school. The diagnosis of ADHD often includes other disorders, most commonly: learning disabilities, Tourette Syndrome, Oppositional Defiant disorder, Conduct Disorder, Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar...
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...William Schrupp Impact of ADHD on a Child’s Schooling SS3150: Research Methods Steven Smith Impact of ADHD on a Child’s Schooling Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurological disorder and is mainly diagnosed in childhood, although it can carry on into adulthood. ADHD often occurs in more in males than females. A child with ADHD might daydream, forget or lose things, fidget, talk too much, and having trouble socializing. School can be very challenging for a child with ADHD. A child with ADHD may have trouble concentrating in school, have difficulties reading and writing, and have trouble making friends and socializing. A child with ADHD has a hard time concentrating on schoolwork and paying attention in the classroom. Most school/classroom requirements are sitting still, listen quietly, paying attention, and following instructions; these are things that a child with ADHD has trouble with, because their brains will not let them focus. As a result to the lack of concentration and not being able to pay attention while the teacher is teaching can result in low grades and even having to repeat a grade. It is normal for a child to have some type of trouble focusing or to misbehave in school, but children with ADHD do not outgrow these types of misbehaviors. A child with ADHD may have trouble staying in one spot for a long time, for example, a student who cannot stay in his/her seat in school. They demand attention by interrupting the class...
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...Inclusion Education and ADHD: A Hit or a Miss? Alice A. Avila-Smith COM 22 July 15, 2012 Katherine Cox Inclusion Education and ADHD Brianna, a precocious seven-year-old student diagnosed with ADHD came home from school and handed her mother a report with a turned down smile on it from her teacher indicating she was disruptive in class, earning her a time-out. Her mother asked why she talked so much in class. With a wide-eyed innocent expression on her face, Brianna says, “I don’t want to but I have to! (B. Smith, personal communication, October, 2002). For an estimated 4.5 million school-aged children diagnosed with ADHD, this same sentiment could be echoed much to the dismay of parents and teachers alike. Forty percent of these children are also diagnosed with co-morbid conditions, secondary to ADHD, such as learning, and conduct disorders or Oppositional Defiance Disorder, a condition marked with aggression, conflict-seeking, ignoring even the simplest requests, and frequent outburst (Flippin, 2005). Proponents of Inclusion Education argue integrating disabled students with their non-disabled peers into mainstream classrooms is beneficial to teaching them how to socially function in the world after high school; however, immersion does not guarantee inclusion for the ADHD student, who typically does not benefit from the one-size-fits-all classroom model. Inclusion of ADHD students in mainstream education has merit, but it has missed the mark because it leads to...
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...medical disorder called ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). ADHD is a common behavioral disorder that affects school aged children. This percentage has increased from 7.8% in 2003. With this disorder increasing 3% per year, some begin to wonder if it is the children that are needing to be “fixed” or is it the way we teach our children. Are there alternatives to helping children with their focus other the medication? Medicating children due to ADHD is not always the answer and often alters the child’s personality. There are alternate teaching methods available for students before having them medicated. Teachers can perform these teaching methods to help children focus better in school and not get bored. Parents can help by also delivering these methods at home. Kids with ADHD may have trouble with focus, acting without thinking, hyperactivity and troubles knowing what is expected of them because they have a difficult time sitting and paying attention, so focusing on something is very difficult. The symptoms that they experience typically happen over a long period of time and do not just come in go like with children that just may be excited or anxious about something. There are no test that can diagnose ADHD. In order to evaluate the child a Dr. will meet with the child in the office as well as getting evaluations from the schools and from home to be sure that there are not issues at home that are causing the behaviors. To be diagnosed with ADHD, a child must display...
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...Running head: CHILDREN LEARNING WITH ADHD 1 Children Learning with ADHD Selecia Watson CNDV 5312_C21_AP1-Group Counseling Theories Techniques Lamar University Children Learning with ADHD Children with ADHD are in need of a group that will help to improve their academic functioning. This group would be important for children with ADHD because those with ADHD have significant impairment in multiple domains of functioning. “The most problematic is academic impairments because children with ADHD will most likely be retained, placed in special education, and drop out of school than their peers. They often will forget to complete assignments, complete assignments but forget to turn in the assignment, and make careless mistakes in their work” (Langberg, Epstein, Urbanowicz, Simon, & Graham, 2008, p. 401). Also, children with ADHD will display off tasks, impulsive, and disruptive behaviors in the classroom (Langberg, Epstein, Urbanowicz, Simon, & Graham, 2008). Also, Raggi and Chronis (2006) state that academic difficulties for children with ADHD include failure to complete homework, poor comprehension of material, poor study skills, low test and quiz grades, poor preparation for class, disruptive behavior, peer conflict, and conflict with teachers. If ADHD is left untreated then this can seriously interfere with a child’s social interactions with peers and teachers, academic achievement, and overall school experience (Leslie, Lambros, Aarons...
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...Teaching Students with ADHD J. Palmer Capella University Abstract In recent history, the number of students diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder has grown tremendously; causing teachers to face new challenges on how to instruct students with behavioral and learning difficulties. Students with ADHD have not only the privilege, but also the right to learn according to the Public Law 94-142 and the Americans with Disabilities Act. There is growing debate about methods that are best for students with ADHD including reward systems for behavior, to medications administered to the individual. In order for a student to learn with ADHD, teachers should integrate a variety of techniques, a general knowledge of medications and ADHD itself. Teaching Students with ADHD Introduction Sitting still, listen quietly, concentrating are characteristics of students inside of a classroom engaged in learning. But to a student who has Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, these tasks can be somewhat a difficult challenge. Inside of the public school system, ADHD has doubled its numbers from previous findings ten years ago. For three years, I have worked with adolescent teens in the foster care system that was placed inside behavioral facilities. One of the common diagnoses of the teens included ADHD. Seeing first hand the affects of ADHD, I chose this topic to further expand my knowledge of ADHD and what strategies could maximize learning within the classroom. One...
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...a condition that can affect children and adults. ADHD in children can cause trouble with focus, patience, and over activity. ADHD is the most common childhood disorder and usually appear early in life often between the ages of 3 and 6. Children that are diagnosed with ADHD usually have problems at home, school and in their social life. ADHD symptoms fall into three categories: inattentive, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The American Academy of Pediatrics has guidelines to help diagnose ADHD. The child’s pediatrician may suggest a combination of medication and behavioral therapy as part of a total treatment. Education of the child’s family is an essential component of any treatment plan, which includes special education programs, psychological intervention and drug treatment. Diagnoses, treatment, keeping track of progress are the three phases of managing ADHD. Studies show that long-term treatment with a combination of medication and behavioral therapy is far superior to just medication treatment. ADHD has nothing to do with intelligence or talent. Many children with ADHD are intellectually or artistically gifted. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a chronic condition that can affect children and adults in so many different ways. Children with ADHD may have some problems with focus, patience and over activity, but many children with ADHD can be successful in school and in life. Although no one knows...
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...Do Schools and School Districts Recognize ADHD as a Learning Disability? Anne Smith University of California Riverside Do Schools and School Districts Recognize ADHD as a Learning Disability? A twelve year old boy named Mike, who fidgeted, played with small pieces of paper, paid more attention to events happening out the window then the paper on his desk. Mike has an IQ of 145, yet had a 2.4 grade point average. He could carry on intelligent, sophisticated conversations with adults who were engineers, teachers, veterinarians, and businessmen yet couldn’t pass an essay test on the book he read. His teachers and schools classified him as lazy. Let’s roll the clock forward twenty years, to another twelve year old boy named Orion, much like Mike; he too is classified as lazy, with an IQ of 139. Both boys were tested for learning disabilities and none were found but were diagnosed by psychiatrist and treated with medication for Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADHD). It would seem that over the past twenty years little progress has been made in recognizing ADHD as a legitimate learning disorder. One can still ask the question ‘Do schools and school Districts recognize ADHD as a learning disability?’ Research bears out that they do not fully recognize ADHD as a true learning disability. Parents still must jump through many hoops to get the necessary educational help. ADHD is considered a “neurological glitch in the...
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...Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder is a common behavioral disorder that affects an estimated eight percent to ten percent of school age children. Boys are about three times more likely than girls to be diagnosed with it, though it is not yet understood why. Children with ADHD act without thinking are hyperactive and have trouble focusing. They may understand what’s expected of them but have trouble following the rules because they can’t sit still, pay attention or attend to details. Children with ADHD experience major difficulties in social relationships (Hinshaw, 2002; Landau & Moore, 1991). Studies of social impairments associated with ADHD have used a variety of measures, including positive and negative peer ratings, parent and teacher...
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...PAPER ON ADHD Abstract Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral development disorder among children. In the United States there are at least 2 million grade school children that are diagnosed with the disorder (Dupper, 2003). ADHD is determined to be one of the most common development disorders in children (Barlow & Durand, 2009). This paper will discuss the different aspects of ADHD, its symptoms, common traits, and the known treatments being used by clinicians. Moreover, the paper will also touch on the important things to consider when dealing with ADHD, particularly in the area of social work. By doing so, it will determine why social work should be an integral part of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVE DISORDER (ADHD) Dr. George Still was the first to diagnose ADHD in 1902 (Rafalovich, 2001). He detected the disorder in 20 children who all had impaired concentration and over-activity. However it was only after the encephalitis outbreak in the United States from 1917- 1918 that serious study of the disorder took place (Rafalovich, 2001). Clinically called encephalitis luthargica was identified as a specific disease category of children demonstrating unconventional behavior (Rafalovich, 2001). The study of encephalitis luthargica paved the way for research modality in psychiatry that became the neurological basis for childhood deviance, exemplified by modern study of ADHD (Rafalovich, 2001). Today ADHD holds the...
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...Disorder: Alternatives to Stimulant Medication Eng 215 Abstract Today, millions of children are taking stimulant medications for ADHD. Most of these children are being medicated without even receiving a proper diagnosis. While on these medications, children experience harmful side effects. Some children have died from complications related to the medication. The list of symptoms for ADHD reads like a list of bad behavior not a medical condition that warrants medication. Parents are outsourcing their parental responsibilities to pharmaceutical companies. Alternative treatments are available and have been proven effective. Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder: Alternative Treatments According to the 1994, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., (DSM-IV) Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a disruptive behavior disorder characterized by the presence of a set of chronic and impairing behavior patterns that display abnormal levels of inattention, hyperactivity, or their combination. (as cited at http://www.healingwithnutrition.com/adisease/add-adhd/cdcplan.html) ADHD is mostly diagnosed in children and adolescents. (DEA, 1995) ADHD is not a disease but yet most children diagnosed as having ADHD are treated with medication. The standard ADHD diagnosis is divided into three types: Inattentive type, hyperactive type, and hyperactive-impulsive type. The inattentive type includes symptoms...
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...Diagnosing ADHD There is no easy test that can detect ADHD. The process for diagnosing ADHD requires a complete evaluation of the individual. These evaluations are conducted by primary care doctors, pediatricians in the case of children or family practitioners. More severe cases may be referred to specialists who can assist in the evaluation process. A physician will usually perform a physical exam and take a medical history including an individual’s past health history, family history, medicines and allergies. The physician will ask questions about other emotional conditions such as stress, depression and anxiety, which have symptoms that are similar to ADHD. These conditions must be ruled out first. Families and educators play a critical role in the identification of ADHD in children. Parents, educators and other persons close to the child will be required to complete evaluation questionnaires which focus on the child’s behavior. These questionnaires are then evaluated using the “DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder” to determine the ADHD diagnosis. (Foley, Carlton & Howell, 1996)...
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...Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder The economic burden of ADHD 4/9/2010 DeVry University Angela Cawein Do you have trouble staying on task or completing projects you have started? Do you procrastinate to the point that things are not completed? Do you often lose or misplace items or have difficulty remembering appointments? Do you always run late to work or appointments and feel like you can never get caught up? Do you find that it is almost impossible to sit still? Do you get easily distracted by noises and forget what you were doing? Allen a first grade student at Triton Elementary School does not like school. He cannot sit in his seat for more than five minutes. He is always interrupting class with strange noises, getting out of his seat, throwing objects, sharpening his pencil and touching people around him. Allen has been noted by his teachers to blurt out answers to questions before they have been completed. He intrudes on other children’s activities, but seems to have adequate social skills. He has a history of not completing activities, being disorganized, easily distracted and has trouble paying attention to tasks or play activities. Allen has been motor-driven, defiant of rules, a poor sleeper, and inattentive to direction. He also has long been in trouble for disobeying authority. Allen and over four million children in the United States have been diagnosed with ADHD. The economic burden of ADHD to society, medical costs, employment and work related...
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...essay the topic of research is: ‘how children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are included within a mainstream classroom and how greater efforts can be taken to ensure inclusivity for them’. Within our school setting there seem to be more pupils with ADHD (some diagnosed, some undiagnosed but will display some of the behaviours/traits of pupils diagnosed with ADHD). Pupils with ADHD do have some barriers to learning. Some of these pupils are quite able academically and, therefore, may not have been identified as requiring special educational need (SEN) support if it weren’t for the perceived negative behaviours frequently displayed. These behaviours could include: trouble sustaining attention in tasks, trouble organising tasks and activities, refusal to comply with adult instructions, fidgeting with hands or feet or squirming in seat, disruption to the lesson by talking excessively, easily frustrated and having trouble waiting for his or her turn, distress at seemingly minor issues, disturbing other children, leaving the classroom etc. A range of strategies can be used to help these pupils settle in a main stream classroom and raise their achievement. It would be interesting to find out if it is an issue of Sensory sensitivity that is largely a factor in inhibiting the learning of these pupils. Baranek (2002) and Barkley (1998) report that pupils with ADD, ODD and ADHD often have Sensory Processing concerns and also Motor planning deficits. Many people who...
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