...2013 AP Course Descriptions are updated regularly. Please visit AP Central ® (apcentral.collegeboard.org) to determine whether a more recent Course Description PDF is available. The College Board The College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of more than 5,900 of the world’s leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success — including the SAT® and the Advanced Placement Program®. The organization also serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators, and schools. For further information, visit www.collegeboard.org. AP Equity and Access Policy The College Board strongly encourages educators to make equitable access a guiding principle for their AP programs by giving all willing and academically prepared students the opportunity to participate in AP. We encourage the elimination of barriers that restrict access to AP for students from ethnic, racial, and socioeconomic groups that have been traditionally underserved. Schools should make every effort to ensure their AP classes...
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...THE GLENCOE LITERATURE LIBRARY Study Guide for To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee i Meet Harper Lee at the same university. In 1949, however, she withdrew and moved to New York City with the goal of becoming a writer. While working at other jobs, Lee submitted stories and essays to publishers. All were rejected. An agent, however, took an interest in one of her short stories and suggested she expand it into a novel. By 1957 she had finished a draft of To Kill a Mockingbird. A publisher to whom she sent the novel saw its potential but thought it needed reworking. With her editor, Lee spent two and a half more years revising the manuscript. By 1960 the novel was published. In a 1961 interview with Newsweek magazine, Lee commented: Writing is the hardest thing in the world, . . . but writing is the only thing that has made me completely happy. To Kill a Mockingbird was an immediate and widespread success. Within a year, the novel sold half a million copies and received the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Within two years, it was turned into a highly acclaimed film. Readers admire the novel’s sensitive and probing treatment of race relations. But, equally, they enjoy its vivid account of childhood in a small rural town. Summing up the novel’s enduring impact in a 1974 review, R. A. Dave called To Kill a Mockingbird . . . a movingly human drama of the jostling worlds—of children and adults, of innocence and experience, of kindness and cruelty, of love and hatred, of humor...
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...well as longer inpatient length of stays. The objective of this study is to measure the incidence and determine the predictors of re-admissions to the Adult Intensive Care Unit. Methods: Medline (1946-present) was searched using combinations of the following search terms ‘Intensive Care Units’ OR ’Critical Care’ AND ‘Patient re-admissions’. The searches were limited to abstracts in English language between 1990 and 2014. This search was then narrowed to ‘core clinical journals’ to increase the quality of the articles but this limitation cut the number of articles down to 2/3rd and even though these articles were saved under a separate folder, eventually all 91 articles were included in the final search. The term ‘Intensive Care Units’ were narrowed to include only ‘burn’, ‘coronary’ and ‘respiratory’ care units. The CINAHL and Cochrane Database search failed to reveal any relevant results. Results: My search generated 33 articles and their review shed light on a few recurrent themes identified as being the reason for early re-admissions. Premature discharge, time gaps between reaching the wards and being seen, lack of attention by ward nurses, lack of experience of medical staff in the wards were some of the themes identified. Conclusions: For a patient, coming back to the ICU is always a cause of concern for physicians, patients as well as their families. After reviewing a significant number of studies, we can see how certain factors have linear and non-linear relationships...
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...References/Bibliography Vancouver Style “How-to” guide NOTE: • • • • A list of references contains details only of those works cited in the text. A bibliography lists sources not cited in the text but which are relevant to the subject and were used for background reading. Before you compile your bibliography/reference list check with your lecturer/tutor for the bibliographic style preferred by the Academic Department. A citation is an acknowledgement in your text of references that support your work. It is in the form of a number that correlates with a source in your reference list. • • • • • • There are many ways of setting out bibliographies and reference lists. The following are examples of one style – the Vancouver System. It is commonly used in medical and scientific journals. Your reference list should identify references cited (eg. book, journal article, pamphlet, internet site, cassette tape or film) in sufficient detail so that others may locate and consult your references. Your reference list should appear at the end of your essay/report with the entries listed numerically and in the same order that they have been cited in the text. If you have cited sources from the Internet, these should be in your reference list. The bibliography is a separate list from the reference list and should be arranged alphabetically by author or title (where no author is given) in the Vancouver Style. Punctuation marks and spaces in the reference list and citations are very...
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...Indeed, politicians and pundits use these devices to achieve their desired effect on the reader or listener nearly every time they speak. The stylistic elements in a piece of writing work to produce a desired effect related to the text’s (and author’s) purpose, and thus reveals the rhetorical situation. In classical rhetoric, figures of speech are divided into two main groups: Schemes — Deviation from the ordinary pattern or arrangement of words (transference of order). Tropes — Deviation from the ordinary and principal meaning of a word (transference of meaning). *Important Note: Words marked with an asterisk* are words for which it would be impossible for you to write 3 examples for your weekly vocabulary assignment. In those cases, please write only the definition, in your own words, and the rhetorical uses/effect of that device, or do what you are instructed to do under those words. Please mark these words that deviate from the ordinary assignment with an asterisk* when you type them on your page. Common Schemes — Deviation from the ordinary pattern or arrangement of words (transference of order). Schemes of Construction — Schemes of Balance 1. Parallelism — similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. This basic principle of grammar and rhetoric...
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...arXiv:astro-ph/0301505v2 25 Jan 2003 TASI LECTURES ON DARK MATTER∗ KEITH A. OLIVE† William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA E-mail: olive@umn.edu Observational evidence and theoretical motivation for dark matter are presented and connections to the CMB and BBN are made. Problems for baryonic and neutrino dark matter are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the prospects for supersymmetric dark matter. 1. Lecture 1 The nature and identity of the dark matter of the Universe is one of the most challenging problems facing modern cosmology. The problem is a long-standing one, going back to early observations of mass-to-light ratios by Zwicky1 . Given the distribution (by number) of galaxies with total luminosity L, φ(L), one can compute the mean luminosity density of galaxies L= which is determined to be2 L ≃ 2 ± 0.2 × 108 ho L⊙ M pc−3 (2) Lφ(L)dL (1) where L⊙ = 3.8 × 1033 erg s−1 is the solar luminosity. In the absence of a cosmological constant, one can define a critical energy density, ρc = 3H 2 /8πGN = 1.88 × 10−29 ho 2 g cm−3 , such that ρ = ρc for three-space curvature k = 0, where the present value of the Hubble parameter has been defined by Ho = 100ho km Mpc−1 s−1 . We can now define a critical mass-to-light ratio is given by (M/L)c = ρc /L ≃ 1390ho(M⊙ /L⊙ ) (3) ∗ Summary of lectures given at the Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics at the University of Colorado...
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...Supply Chain Management and Advanced Planning Hartmut Stadtler ´ Christoph Kilger (Eds.) Supply Chain Management and Advanced Planning Concepts, Models, Software and Case Studies Third Edition With 173 Figures and 56 Tables 12 Professor Dr. Hartmut Stadtler FG Produktion und Supply Chain Management FB Rechts- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften TU Darmstadt Hochschulstraûe 1 64289 Darmstadt Germany stadtler@bwl.tu-darmstadt.de Dr. Christoph Kilger j&m Management Consulting AG Kaiserringforum Willy-Brandt-Platz 5 68161 Mannheim Germany christoph.kilger@jnm.de Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Control Number: 2004110194 ISBN 3-540-22065-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 3-540-43450-X 2nd edition Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Springer Berlin ´ Heidelberg 2000, 2002, 2005 Printed...
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...Information Sharing in Supply Chains: An Empirical and Theoretical Valuation Ruomeng Cui, Gad Allon, Achal Bassamboo, Jan A. Van Mieghem* Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL April 10, 2013 We provide an empirical and theoretical assessment of the value of information sharing in a two-stage supply chain. The value of downstream sales information to the upstream firm stems from improving upstream order fulfillment forecast accuracy. Such improvement can lead to lower safety stock and better service. According to recent theoretical work, the value of information sharing is zero under a large spectrum of parameters. Based on the data collected from a CPG company, however, we empirically show that if the company includes the downstream demand data to forecast orders, the mean squared error percentage improvement ranges from 7.1% to 81.1% in out-of-sample tests. Thus, there is a discrepancy between the empirical results and existing literature: the empirical value of information sharing is positive even when the literature predicts zero value. While the literature assumes that the decision maker strictly adheres to a given inventory policy, our model allows him to deviate, accounting for private information held by the decision maker, yet unobservable to the econometrician. This turns out to reconcile our empirical findings with the literature. These “decision deviations” lead to information losses in the order process, resulting in strictly positive...
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...Journal of Controlled Release 113 (2006) 189 – 207 www.elsevier.com/locate/jconrel Review Role of antioxidants in prophylaxis and therapy: A pharmaceutical perspective D. Venkat Ratnam, D.D. Ankola, V. Bhardwaj, D.K. Sahana, M.N.V. Ravi Kumar ⁎ Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase-X, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India - 160062 Received 31 January 2006; accepted 26 April 2006 Available online 13 May 2006 Abstract Antioxidants are emerging as prophylactic and therapeutic agents. These are the agents, which scavenge free radicals otherwise reactive oxygen species and prevent the damage caused by them. Free radicals have been associated with pathogenesis of various disorders like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and are implicated in aging. Several antioxidants like SOD, CAT, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, lycopene, ellagic acid, coenzyme Q10, indole-3-carbinol, genistein, quercetin, vitamin C and vitamin E have been found to be pharmacologically active as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for above mentioned diseases. Antioxidants are part of diet but their bioavailability through dietary supplementation depends on several factors. This major drawback of dietary agents may be due to one or many of the several factors like poor solubility, inefficient permeability, instability due to storage of food, first pass effect and GI degradation. Conventional...
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...Copyright © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-180360-1 MHID: 0-07-180360-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-180359-5, MHID: 0-07180359-9. E-book conversion by Codemantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Trademarks: McGraw-Hill Education, the McGraw-Hill Education logo, 5 Steps to a 5 and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of McGraw-Hill Education and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property...
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...as well as through blood products. STDs can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. Untreated chlamydia and gonorrhoea can lead to salpingitis for women and to epididymitis for men, which can affect fertility and in worst case lead to sterility. Hepatitis B, genital herpes, HPV and HIV are still incurable infections. HPV can lead to cervical cancer and HIV to premature death. The only way to protect oneself from contracting an STD is consistent condom use (Vårdguiden, 2011). Another term that is used in the literature is STI (sexually transmitted infection), which refers to the infection itself, whereas STD, which is the term that will be used in this paper, refers to the disease caused by an infection (TeenHealthFX, 2009). 1.2 Knowledge of STDs among adolescents A study based in Northern Thailand by Paz-Bailey et al. (2003) showed that Thai adolescents’ knowledge on HIV was high. Among the sample, which consisted of students’ aged 15-21, 99.5% had heard of HIV. More than 90 % could identify three main routes of contracting the infection. The same study also showed that knowledge of other STDs was lower than the knowledge on HIV, and that some of the students did not know that STDs could cause infertility. The study showed...
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...British Food Journal Packaging design: creating competitive advantage with product packaging Bo Rundh Article information: Downloaded by IQRA UNIVERSITY At 08:47 19 April 2016 (PT) To cite this document: Bo Rundh, (2009),"Packaging design: creating competitive advantage with product packaging", British Food Journal, Vol. 111 Iss 9 pp. 988 - 1002 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700910992880 Downloaded on: 19 April 2016, At: 08:47 (PT) References: this document contains references to 28 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 15152 times since 2009* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: (2013),"The influence of visual packaging design on perceived food product quality, value, and brand preference", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 41 Iss 10 pp. 805-816 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-12-2012-0113 (1990),"Packaging as a Retail Marketing Tool", International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 20 Iss 8 pp. 29-30 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000372 (1996),"Packaging, marketing, logistics and the environment: are there trade-offs?", International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 26 Iss 6 pp. 60-72 http:// dx.doi.org/10.1108/09600039610125206 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by emerald-srm:546149...
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...Danezis, G. (Eds.), Proceedings of 6th Workshop on Privacy Enhancing Technologies. (pp. 36--58).Cambridge, U.K. Robinson College. June 28-30. (conference paper) Acquisti, Alessandro, and Gross, Ralph. (2009). Predicting Social Security numbers from public data. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106 (27), 10975-10980. (journal article) Adamic, Lada, Buyukkokten,Orkut, and Eytan Adar. (2003). A social network caught in the Web. First Monday, 8 (6). (journal article) Adrien Guille, Hakim Hacid, Cécile Favre, and Djamel A. Zighed. (2013). Information diffusion in online social networks: a survey. SIGMOD Record, 42 (2). (journal article) Agarwal, S., and Mital, M.. (2009). Focus on Business Practices: An Exploratory Study of Indian University Students' Use of Social Networking Web Sites: Implications for the Workplace. Business Communication Quarterly. (journal article) Ahmed OH, Sullivan SJ, Schneiders AG, and McCrory P. (2010). iSupport: do social networking sites have a role to play in concussion awareness? . Disability and Rehabilitation, 32(22), 1877-1883. (journal article) Ahn, June. (2012). Teenagers’ experiences with social network sites: Relationships to bridging and bonding social capital. The Information Society, 28(2), 99-109. (journal article) Ahn, June. (2012). Teenagers and social network sites: Do...
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...JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND INNOVATION http://seminar.utmspace.edu.my/jisri/ The Impact of Social Media use on Academic Performance among university students: A Pilot Study Waleed Mugahed Al-Rahmi1 Mohd Shahizan Othman2 e-mail: abumunir82@yahoo.com e-mail: shahizan@utm.my Author(s) Contact Details: 1,2 Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia Abstract — There is no doubt that Social media has gained wider acceptability and usability and is also becoming probably the most important communication tools among students especially at the higher level of educational pursuit. As much as social media is viewed as having bridged the gap in communication that existed. Within the social media Facebook, Twitter and others are now gaining more and more patronage. These websites and social forums are way of communicating directly with other people socially. Social media has the potentials of influencing decision-making in a very short time regardless of the distance. On the bases of its influence, benefits and demerits this study is carried out in order to highlight the potentials of social media in the academic setting by collaborative learning and improve the students' academic performance. The results show that collaborative learning positively and significantly with interactive with peers, interactive with teachers and engagement which impact the students’ academic performance. Keywords –social media usage, collaborative learning...
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...Loading... Animals In The News Weird News Things You Can't Do Naked Paranormal Smarter Ideas More Log in Create Account August 24, 2012 weird-news The Internet Newspaper: News, Blogs, Video, Community Edition: U.S. FRONT PAGE Politics Ann Romney's Heartbreaking Loss 7k Why Do Fox News Female Anchors Wear So Much Makeup? 4k Mitt Romney Makes Birth Certificate Joke 31k Leaked Documents Link Romney Money To Some Shady Business 24k Paul Ryan Weighs In On Chick-Fil-A's 'Free Speech Rights' 4k Go to Politics More in Politics Pollster 2012 Blog Speculatron Off The Bus Election Dashboard You might also like World Green Black Voices Latino Voices Gay Voices Business Target Hides Horrible Truth From Customers 2k 10 Things You Should Never Pay For 200 Leaked Documents Link Romney Money To Some Shady Business 24k Romney Will Be President, CU Professors' Model Predicts 27k Texas Judge: Obama Reelection Could Lead To 'Civil War' 13k Go to Business More in Business Small Business Money You might also like World Tech Media Arts Sports Weird News Crime Crime BREAKING: Gunman Shoots 5 Outside Empire State Building 16k Child-Welfare Agency...
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