...Steroids in Sports While many are attracted to steroids for an improvement in athletic performance many athletes now a days are taking steroids, why is that? Is it to make a squad, or impress a member of the opposite sex? There is not a right or wrong answer to why athletes feel the need to take performance enhancing drugs. However ones psychological state, genetic mishaps, or even performance pressures from the coaching staff, can lead an athlete to steroids. Issues of cheating or winning at any cost, are becoming more and more common among athletes of all ages and levels of ability. The use of steroids is one of the biggest issues in the current debate whether or not it is fair for drug-free athletes to have to compete with athletes that break the law and take illegal steroids. Allowing those with an unfair advantage to compete can pressure drug-free athletes to use steroids to remain competitive. The use of steroids by athletes over the last decade and a half is well documented and proven no matter how many tried to deny their cheating in order to get a leg up on their competitors. Steroids continue to taint the sports world as we speak. It has come to light that baseball superstars Barry Bonds, Alex Rodriguez, and Mark McGwire have admitted using preforming enhancing drugs during their baseball careers. Each athlete’s statistics ballooned to numbers never achieved before by prior athletes. While some athletes deny knowing they were doing anything illegal or cheating they...
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...A Theory-Based Approach to the Relationship between Social Capital and Communities of Practice El-Sayed Abou-Zeid John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada el-sayed@jmsb.concordia.ca Abstract: There is almost a consensus that tacit component of organisational knowledge is of critical strategic importance because, unlike explicit knowledge, it is both inimitable and appropriable. Because of its characteristics, organisational tacit knowledge is usually created and shared through highly interactive conversation and shared experience, i.e., through a socialisation process. At the firm’s level, the effectiveness of the socialisation process depends on the firm’s social capital. At group level, it has been argued that communities of practice form the basis of a firm's ability to create and share tacit knowledge. Therefore, investigating the relationship between social capital, communities of practice and individual human action is crucial in understanding the dynamic of cross level knowledge creation and utilisation and in understanding organisational learning process. In order to study this relationship Giddens’ theory of structuration is used as it provides an integrating meta-theory that recognises social reality as constituted by both subjective human actors and by objective institutional properties and attempts to articulate a process-oriented approach that relates the realm of human action and institutional realm. Based on Giddens’ theory a model...
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...Kinh Do Corporation Report of the Board of Management and Audited consolidated financial statements 31 December 2009 Kinh Do Corporation CONTENTS Pages REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MANAGEMENT 1-4 AUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Independent auditors’ report 5-6 Consolidated balance sheet 7-8 Consolidated income statement 9 Consolidated cash flow statement 10 - 11 Notes to the consolidated financial statements 12 - 44 Kinh Do Corporation REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MANAGEMENT The Board of Management of Kinh Do Corporation (“KDC” or the “Company”) is pleased to present its report and the consolidated financial statements of KDC and its subsidiaries (“the Group”) as at and for the year ended 31 December 2009. THE GROUP The Group consisted of KDC and its subsidiaries and associates as follows: KDC is a shareholding company incorporated under the Law on Enterprise of Vietnam pursuant to the Business Registration Certificate (“BRC”) No. 4103001184 issued by the Ho Chi Minh City Department of Planning and Investment on 6 September 2002 and the following Amended BRC: Amended BRC: Date: The first amendment The second amendment The third amendment The fourth amendment The fifth amendment The sixth amendment The seventh amendment The eighth amendment The ninth amendment The tenth amendment The eleventh amendment 26 November 2002 22 September 2003 11 December 2003 3 August 2004 7 October 2004 11 May...
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...Czech Republic Total population: 10 554 000 ➤ Population aged 15 years and older (15+): 86% ➤ Population in urban areas: 74% ➤ Income group (World Bank): High income ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION: LEVELS AND PATTERNS Recorded alcohol per capita (15+) consumption, 1961–2010 Recorded alcohol per capita (15+) consumption (in litres of pure alcohol) by type of alcoholic beverage, 2010 Data refer to litres of pure alcohol per capita (15+). Litres of pure alcohol 20 n n n n n 15 10 Beer Wine Spirits Other All 26% SPIRITS 5 0 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 54% 20% 2010 BEER WINE Year Alcohol per capita (15+) consumption (in litres of pure alcohol) Average 2003–2005 Average 2008–2010 Change Recorded 11.8 11.8 Unrecorded 1.5 1.2 Total 13.3 ➙ ➘ ➙ 13.0 Total males / females WHO European Region 18.6 11.9 Total alcohol per capita (15+) consumption, drinkers only (in litres of pure alcohol), 2010 Males (15+) 20.2 Females (15+) 9.0 Both sexes (15+) 14.6 7.8 10.9 Abstainers (%), 2010 Males Females Both sexes Lifetime abstainers (15+) Prevalence of heavy episodic drinking* (%), 2010 Population Drinkers only Males (15+) 53.5 58.4 Females (15+) 24.9 28.8 Both sexes (15+) 38.9 43.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 Former drinkers* (15+) 5.8 10.8 8.4 Abstainers (15+), past 12...
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...[书书屋]http://www.shushu5.com/ -所做的,人能善用之,就可成大圣大贤。试举例言之,胡林翼曾说:“只要于公家有利,就是顽钝无耻的事,我都要干。”又说:“办事要包揽把持。”所谓顽钝无耻也,包揽把持也,岂非厚黑家所用的技术吗?林翼能善用之,就成为名臣了。 王简恒和廖绪初,都是我很佩服的人。绪初办旅省叙属中学堂和当省议会议员,只知为公二字,什么气都受得,有点像胡林翼之顽钝无耻。简恒办事,独行独断,有点像胡林翼之包揽把持。有天我当着他二人说道:“绪初得了厚字诀,简桓得了黑字诀,可称吾党健者。”历引其事以证之。二人欣然道:“照这样说来,我二人可谓各得圣人之一体了。”我说道:“百年后有人一与我建厚黑庙,你二人都是有配享希望的。” 民国元年,我在成都公论日报社内写《厚黑学》,有天绪初到我室中,见案上写有一段文字:“楚汉之际,有一人焉,厚而不黑,卒归于败者,韩信是也。胯下之辱,信能忍之,面之厚可谓至矣。及为齐王,果从蒯通之说,其贵诚不可言,独奈何于解衣推食之私情,贸然曰:“衣人这衣者,怀人之忧,食人之食者,死人之事。”卒至长乐钟室,身首异处,夷及三族,谓非咎由自取哉!楚汉之际,有一人焉,黑而不厚,亦归于败者,范增是也。……”绪初把我的稿子读了一遍,转来把韩信这一段反复读之,默然不语,长叹一声而去。我心想道:“这就奇了,韩信厚有余而黑不足,范增黑有余而厚不足,我原是二者对举,他怎么独有契于韩信这一段?”我下细思之,才知绪初正是厚有余而黑不足的人。他是盛德夫子,叫他忍气,是做得来,叫他做狠心的事,他做不来。患寒病的人,吃着滚水很舒服;患热病的人,吃着冷水很舒服;绪初所缺乏者,正是一黑字,韩信一段,是他对症良药,故不知不觉,深有感触。 中江谢绶青,光绪三十三年,在四川高等学堂与我同班毕业。其时王简恒任富顺中学堂监督,聘绶青同我当教习。三十四年下学期,绪初当富顺视学,主张来年续聘,其时薪水以两计。他向简恒说道:“宗吾是本县人,核减一百两,绶青是外县人,薪仍旧。”他知道我断不会反对他,故毅然出此。我常对人说:“绪初这个人万不可相交,相交他,银钱上就要吃亏,我是前车之鉴。”有一事更可笑,其时县立高小校校长姜选臣因事辞职,县令王琰备文请简恒兼任。有天简恒笑向我说道:“我近日穷得要当衣服了,高小校校长的薪水,我很想支来用。照公事说,是不生问题。像顺这一伙人,要攻击我,我倒毫不睬他,最怕的是他廖圣人酸溜溜说道:‘这笔款似乎可以不支吧。’你叫我这个脸放在何处?只好仍当衣服算了。”我尝对人说:“此虽偶尔谈笑,而绪初之令人敬畏,简恒之勇于克己,足见一斑。”后来我发明《厚黑学》,才知简恒这个谈话,是厚黑学上最重要的公案。我尝同雷民心批评:朋辈中资质偏于厚字者甚多,而以绪初为第一。够得上讲黑字者,只有简恒一人。近日常常有人说:“你叫我面皮厚,我还做得来,叫我黑,我实在做不来,宜乎我作事不成功。”我说:“特患你厚得不彻底只要彻底了,无往而不成功。你看绪初之厚,居然把简恒之黑打败,并且厚黑教主还送了一百银子的贽见。世间资质偏于厚字的人,万不可自暴自弃。” 相传凡人的颈子上,都有一条刀路,刽子手杀人,顺着刀路砍去,一刀就把脑壳削下。所以刽子手无事时,同人对坐闲谈,他就要留心看你颈上的刀路。我发明厚黑学之初,遇事研究,把我往来的朋友作为实验品,用刽子手看刀路的方法,很发见些重要学理。滔滔天下,无在非厚黑中人。诸君与朋辈往还之际,本我所说的法子去研究,包管生出无限趣味,比读四书五经、二十五史受的益更多。老子曰:“邦之利器,不可以示人。”老夫髦矣,无志用世矣,否则这些法子,我是不能传授人的。 ...
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...Pengertian Budaya Organisasi | Budaya Organisasi | Budaya organisasi adalah norma, nilai-nilai, asumsi, kepercayaan, filsafat, kebiasaan organisasi dan sebagainya (isi budaya organisasi) yang dikembangkan dalam waktu yang lama oleh pendiri, pemimpin dan anggota organisasi dalam memproduksi produk, melayani para konsumen dan mencapai tujuan organisasi. Robbins (1996:289) mendefinisikan budaya organisasi dengan suatu sistem makna bersama yang dianut oleh anggota-anggota yang membedakan organisasi itu dengan organisasi-organisasi lain. Tika (2006:4-5) menjelaskan beberapa pengertian budaya organisasi, yaitu : 1. Druicker dalam buku Robert, Organizational Behavior in Education. Budaya Organisasi adalah pokok penyelesaian masalah-masalah eksternal dan internal yang pelaksanaannya dilakukan secara konsisten oleh suatu kelompok yang kemudian mewariskan kepada anggota-anggota baru sebagai cara yang tepat untuk memahami, memikirkan, dan merasakan terhadap masalah-masalah terkait seperti di atas. 2. Amnuai dalam tulisannya How to Build a Corporation Culture dalam majalah Asian Manajer (September 1989) mendefinisikan budaya organisasi sebagai seperangkat asumsi dasar dan keyakinan yang dianut oleh anggota-anggota organisasi, kemudian dikembangkan dan diwariskan guna mengatasi masalah-masalah adaptasi eksternal dan masalah integrasi internal. Unsur-unsur Pembentuk Budaya Organisasi Deal & Kennedy (1982) membagi lima unsur pembentuk budaya yaitu : 1. Lingkungan...
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...Heat Capacities The generic heat capcity c 105 bT Å Cp = a + ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ + ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ ; T2 103 The heat capacities of various elements and compounds are CpAgs = Cp ê. 8a Ø 21.30, b Ø 8.54, c Ø 1.51 8.3144 , Rla -> 0.082057 < ; The number of moles can be calculated from the starting state: P 1 V1 nmols = ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ ê. nums ; Å Rla T1 subs = Append@nums, n -> nmolsD 8V1 Ø 10, T1 Ø 298, P1 Ø 10, P2 Ø 1, R Ø 8.3144, Rla Ø 0.082057, n Ø 4.08948< Finally, this constant will convert liter-atm energy units to Joule energy units. All results are given in Joules: laToJ = 101.325 ; ü 1. Reversible, Isothermal Process In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, DU = 0 ; DH = 0 ; thus heat and work are equal and given by: P2 q = w = n R T1 LogA ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ E J ê. subs P1 -23330.9 J 16 Notes on Gaskell Text ü 2. Reversible Adiabatic Expansion In an adiabatic expansion q = 0; and P V g is a constant. Thus the final state has 1êg g P2 V2 i P1 V1 y Å ; T2 = ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ ê. g -> 5 ê 3 Å V2 = j ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ z j z n Rla k P2 { P1 V 1 P2 I ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ M P ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ2 ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ Å n Rla 5ê3 3ê5 For an ideal gas cv = 3R/2; thus 3 DU = ÅÅÅÅ n R HT2 - T1 L ê. subs 2 -9147.99 or we can use 3 DU = ÅÅÅÅ HP2 V2 - P1 V1 L laToJ ê. Append@subs, g -> 5 ê 3D 2 -9148.02 For some numeric results, the final temperature and volumes were ad2 = N@8V2 , T2 < ê. Append@subs, g -> 5 ê 3DD 839.8107, 118.636< The work done is dw = -DU 9148.02 For an ideal gas c p = 5R/2; thus the enthalpy...
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