...Big Horn Medicine Wheel in Wyoming and the Caracol temple in Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula, though the association of these structures with astronomy is more controversial • A more certain candidate for a North American calendar is the Sun Dagger in New Mexico, a rock formation structured such that a sliver of light passes through a carved stone spiral at noon on the summer solstice • There are several sites similar to the Sun Dagger found throughout the American southwest • The ancient Chinese also kept detailed records of astronomical events for astrological purposes; modern astronomers still refer to their records for information on ancient astronomical phenomena • After the fall of Rome, Muslim astronomers kept the knowledge of the ancient Greek astronomers alive during the European Dark Ages, as well as adding their own findings • Many mathematical techniques were developed by Muslim astronomers to deal with astronomical problems, and many of the terms used in modern astronomy -- including...
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...Discussion on Canadian Ethnic problems and multiculturalism Abstract: The history of Canada has gone through various events, some of which produced a nightmare for the country and from which the people as well as the leaders are still trying to awake, while making sure that such events do not take place ever again. In this essay I discuss the Canadian Ethnic problems and it's multiculturalism by mainly focus on two typical examples :the aboriginal people and the Chinese who have suffered injustice through out the history in different aspects such as politics and cultural. And later ,by looking at the current situations of the Canadian ethnicity in general and going over the past decisions that the government had made, I try to suggest the possible solutions. Introduction: As we all know, Canada is a country with large immigrants. Therefore , the history of Canada is largely the history of the meeting of different cultures. As its early settlers are mostly immigrants from Central and Western Europe, European culture is playing a dominant role in Canada's culture. Since the eightieth of the twentieth century, as the number of immigrants from different parts increased significantly, the new immigrants brought in their own culture with them as well. Thus, people are now feeling more of the tensions between those cultures and of prejudice felt among these groups toward one another. For this reason, how to deal with the relationship...
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...the century of the United States. I think we can claim that Canada will fill the twentieth century.” (Suzuki) Many Canadians would come to believe this and feel secure and prideful of their country. However, this statement would be proven wrong by the harsh unforgiving way the Aboriginal peoples were treated.Canada would not belong to the Twentieth century due to how the Government's treatment of first nations people, through the title of Status Indian, Reserves and Residential Schools. The Indian Act was put in place in the late nineteenth century as a means to calm down the First Nations people violent response to western settlers. (Coyler 176) The indian act would give the title of Status indian to certain people who met certain qualifications such as having Aboriginal ancestry or being an Aboriginal. This act would neglect the Aboriginal peoples to certain rights and freedoms, as well as eventually turning into a title of humiliation and prejudice. Anyone who had the title of status indian, were not given the right to vote. The final group of people to gain suffrage would be the Aboriginal peoples in the 1960’s. (Colyer 356 )Along with the inability to vote, the Indian Act would neglect Aboriginal people from receiving Old Age Pension. A pension that was established within the time of the roaring twenties; and was created in order to...
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...Aboriginal Education: Has It Improved? Xiangli, Li (Bill) Student No. 214022362 AP/ESL 1450 R Thinking about the Contemporary Canada Mansour Safdari January 2015, Winter Outline Introduction: Ⅰ. Attention grabber: quotation back by the statistics. Ⅱ. Intro: With the progress of Canadian education, There is an increasing attention to the needs of Aboriginal children. Focusing on present-day Aboriginal education can reflect the status quo more precisely and will also bring benefits in overcoming the current obstacles for that Aboriginal students faced by native students. Ⅲ. Thesis: Through historical analysis and current situation, the paper will show that those some improvements have been made by the Canadian government, further changes are necessary to meet the requirements for the Aboriginal school-children. Body paragraph: Ⅰ. First and foremost, Along with the changes in Aboriginal education, I would like to ask “Has it improved?” And then I will start with the historical obstacles and gaps between Aboriginal children and native children. Ⅱ. Secondly, I would like to briefly show the difference between the past and present Aboriginal education and tell the readers what they are like. Like residential schools and educational system.More importantly, I would like to discuss the influences on the Aboriginal kids now. Ⅲ. Finally, I would like to demonstrate the progressions in education that the Aboriginal people...
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...Government Ministries and Agencies Short Assignment Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada February 24th, 2015 I Responsibilities Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada is one of the federal government departments responsible for meeting the Government of Canada's obligations and commitments to First Nations, Inuit and Métis. Through these responsibilities, AANDC helps to maintain and strengthen the relationship between the Government of Canada and Aboriginal people. Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada role is to support Aboriginal people (First Nations, Inuit and Métis) and Northerners in their efforts to: * improve social well-being and economic prosperity; * develop healthier, more sustainable communities; and * participate more fully in Canada's political, social and economic development – for the benefit of all Canadians. Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada funds five social programs. It aims to assist First Nation individuals and communities to become more self-sufficient; protect individuals and families at risk of violence; provide prevention supports that allow individuals and families to better care for their children; and support greater participation in the labour market. Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC) supports First Nation communities in the implementation of strong, effective and sustainable governments. Research has shown that effective governance is the single...
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...Aboriginal people • Aboriginal people are four times more likely to be living in crowded housing than non-Aboriginal Canadians. • Life expectancies of Aboriginal peoples are five to 14 years less than the Canadian population, with Inuit men and women showing the shortest lives. • Infant mortality rates are 1.5 to four times greater among Aboriginal Canadians than the overall Canadian rate. • Rate of numerous infectious and chronic diseases are much higher in the Aboriginal population than the non-Aboriginal Canadian population. • Suicide rate are 5 to 6 times higher. • Aboriginal peoples have high rates of major depression, 18% of the total Aboriginal peoples • 27% of them have problems with alcohol • 34% of them have sexual abuse during childhood. • Canada was one of four nations to vote against the adoption of the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which include the improving economic and social conditions, the right to attain the highest levels of health, and the right to protect and conserve their environments. Policy Implications • In 1996 Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples made a number of recommendations, virtually all of which have not been implemented. 1. Recognition of an Aboriginal order of government with authority over matters related to the good government and welfare of Aboriginal people and their territories. 2. Replacement of the federal Department of Indian Affairs with two departments, one to implement a new relationship...
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...Aboriginal Land Claim Issues Canadian Aboriginal people have been fighting for land claims for many years. It is not often that Aboriginal people get their land reclaimed but just before Christmas it was announced that Ipperwash Provincial Park would be restored to the Kettle and Stony Point First Nations. Many people know this as the land where Dudley George was shot and killed by a police officer fighting for Aboriginal rights. This triumph is considered to be a historical event because Aboriginal people do not usually get land back instead of a cheque. The land was once an ancient burial ground and was surrendered in 1928 under suspicious circumstances. In 1936, after residents had requested for a park by the lake, the reserve was sold to the government. The government made the 2200-acre reserve into an army training camp in 1942. This forced the Stony Pointe people to move to an uncomfortable place where they now had to live. In 1993, the government still disagreed to return the reserve. This made Dudley George and some people from the Stony Pointe community move back onto the base hoping to get it back. On September 4, 1995, a few people moved into the park to notify people about the ancient burial ground. Police arrived on the scene two days later with force. It was that day an Ontario Provincial Police officer shot and killed Dudley George. First Nations have claimed that there had been many lies going around after that day. Such as the province disagreeing with...
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...Aboriginal Spirituality ORIGINS Key Terms Aboriginal: Of native ancestry, inhabiting or existing in a land from the earliest times and before colonists. Animism: The attribution of a living soul to plants, animals, inanimate objects and natural phenomena. Elder: A person (male or female) venerated for age and wisdom. Faith keeper: Member of a nation selected to maintain the traditional ceremonies and rituals. First Nations: An aboriginal band, or a community functioning as a band, but not having band status. Does NOT include Inuit or Métis. Genesis: The origin, the beginnings, the formation of something. Indigenous: Originating naturally in a region, belonging naturally to an environment (of people) born in a region. longhouse: Iroquois home, cigar-shaped, about fifty metres long and ten metres wide, a dwelling shared by several families. Longhouse: The religion of the Iroquois. Monotheism: The belief in one God. Polytheism: The belief in or worship of more than one God. Oracy: The ability to express oneself fluently in speech and to understand a spoken language. Powwow: A gathering of Aboriginal people with ritual dances, drumming and chanting. Reincarnation: The belief in the rebirth of a soul in a new body or form Sachems: The supreme chief of a clan. Shaman: Medicine man or spiritual leader. Smudging ceremony: A purification ritual that includes the burning of sweet grass and drawing smoke ritually over body. Tipi: Cone shaped tent and dwelling found in...
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...feeling threatened. Events, whether a large public occurrence such as the one identified above, or an individualistic personal episode, can result in the development of PTSD. PTSD is characterized by a variety of symptoms that last for at least one month, or longer, following a traumatic event (Brady 2004). It can be defined as the trauma itself and an individual’s response to that trauma. It effects the psychological, emotional, social, and physical states of the affected individual and can act as a pathway for other psychological disorders, the most common being major depressive disorder (MDD)(Van Ameringen, 2008). The purpose of this paper is to; examine PTSD and its causes, its ties to substance use/abuse in Canada, focusing on the Aboriginal population, and the reasons why traumatic...
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...Canada Global Cultural José A. Rivera Osorio GRST 500 Research Paper Prof. Jared Mink April 8, 2014 Abstract Canada is the second largest country in the globe with population of over 32 million, the largest and most important industry Canada has is oil and logging. For businesses who want to expand towards Canada they are eight dimensions of business culture that will be detail in this analysis, and how NAFTA was formed. The agreements between U.S. and Canada with provisions that will benefit both countries, Canada also has bilateral agreements in trade with European Union and Asia, however we will only analyze U.S.-Canada cultures in business. Canada’s History The first inhabitants of Canada were native’s Indian people, primarily the Inuit “Eskimos. The Norse explorer Leif Eriksson reaches the shores of Canada at Nova Scotia in the year 1000, but the country actually begun 1497 with the introduction of the white man, John Cabot Italian at the service of King Henry VII of England reaches Nova Scotia. Canada was lost to the English in the year 1534 by Jacques Cartier which was the settlement of New France 1604, but was then was Nova Scotia in 1608. Quebec was founded, France’s colonization were not successful and ended at the end of 17th century. They penetrated beyond the Great Lakes to the western prairies and south along the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. The English Hudson’s Bay Company in 1670 establishes themselves because of the abundance of fisheries...
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...The Aboriginals are an important and impactful group of individuals in Canadian history. They show how Canada has come a long way but also represent how we have a long way to go as well in ensuring the protection of Aboriginals and their culture. Aboriginals have been oppressed by the Canadian government for many years and continue to fight against restrictions in order to preserve their traditions. The mistreatment of Aboriginals is significant to Canadian history because of the mental and physical abuse they endured from Residential schools, the progressive changes from the Indian act, and the lack of basic needs being deprived on the reserves. The creation of residential schools is significant to Canadian history due to the physical and...
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...SEVA FOOD BANK: INTAKE FORM Preamble Sikhs Serving Canada (SSC), operating as Seva Food Bank, will be collecting your information to determine your eligibility into the program. All information collected will be kept on your client files. SSC is committed to respecting the personal privacy of our service users and safeguarding your information. SSC employs reasonable administrative and technical measures to ensure the security of personal information. DEMOGRAPHICS ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Last Name First Name ___________/___________/___________ Date of Birth (dd/mm/yy) Gender: Male Female Transgender Marital Status: Single Common-law Separated Married Divorced Widowed _______________________________________________________|__________________ Street Address Postal Code Housing Status: Band Owned Own Home With Family/Friends Emergency Shelter Private Rental Youth Home The Street Social Housing (subsidized/co-op/non-profit) __________________________________ ( )________________________ E-mail Phone Languages Spoken At Home (please circle all that apply) English French Urdu Polish Punjabi Arabic Chinese Spanish Mandarin Cantonese Tagalog Portuguese Gujarati Tamil Hindi Vietnamese Italian Ukrainian German Russian Malayalam Hungarian Other: ____________________________ Ethnicity: Visible Minority Metis N/A First Nations...
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...were to civilize native people, mange reserve activity and control Indian Status. With all this power over the aboriginal peoples the treatment towards aboriginals was inhumane. Many Aboriginal peoples were mentally traumatized in residential schools, discriminated against and neglected in residential school. The Residential schools left many aboriginal peoples mentally traumatized. For example “Some children experienced… psychological…abuse” (Quinlan etal 66). Being exposed to such a horrifying ways of life students begin to develop low self-esteem throughout the years. Having...
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...In the 19th century, the Canadian government believed it was responsible for educating and caring for Aboriginal people in Canada. The government believed that the best chance to be successful was for them to learn English and adopt Christianity and Canadian customs. In an ideal world, these new customs would be passed onto their children, meaning their native traditions would diminish and completely disappear within a few generations. The Canadian government developed a policy called “aggressive assimilation” to be taught at these new church-run, government-funded schools, called residential schools. It was believed that children were easier to influence that adults, so the idea of sending these children to a boarding school to learn new values would be the most effective. These schools were created based on the belief that aboriginal culture was unable to adapt to a rapidly modernizing society. Students were discouraged from speaking their first language or practising native traditions and were faced with severe punishment if they did not comply. Most students lived at these schools 10 months a year, away from their parents, segregating them from opportunities to see examples of normal family life. Siblings at the same school rarely saw each other, as all...
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...devastating impact of colonialism on first nations. Reconciliation is attainable only with some degree of restorative justice. First nations need some form of compensation from the federal government for its policies of injustice and racism. However, the commission is yet to discuss the issue of restorative justice. Instead of exploring ways of compensating the affected for the abuse they went through the residential schools, the commission is recreating what was happening, and this further traumatizes the victims and subjects them to mockery by their tormentors. The impact of the colonization and cultural genocide against the aboriginal people is evident in the form of higher levels of employment, homelessness, poverty on the reserves, and other social ills. The most important work of the commission should be to create a mechanism for restoring aboriginals at par with the rest of the Canadian and mitigate the enduring influences of past oppressive policies. Importance of a truth...
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