...Assimilation of native canadians Submission to the UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: the role of languages and culture in the promotion and protection of the rights and identity of Indigenous peoples. The State of Indigenous Peoples’ Languages and Cultures in Canada Submission by Kontinónhstats - The Mohawk Language Custodians Submitted by: Kontinónhstats – The Mohawk Language Custodians 14A Sóse Onahsakenrat (Joseph Swan Road) Kanehsatà:ke, Quebec Canada J0N 1E0 Phone: 450-479-1651 Email: Ellen Gabriel kontinonhstats2@hotmail.com Hilda Nicholas kononkwe@inbox.com Table of Contents Page Executive Summary ………………………………………………………. 3 - 6 Introduction ……………………………………………………………….. 6 – 7 Current Situation ………………………………………………………..... 7 – 9 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………. 9 - 11 Recommendations ……………………………………………………….... 12 End Notes …………………………………………………………………...13 - 14 Annex 1………………………………………………………………………15 -16 Annex 2………………………………………………………………………17 Suggested Questions ………………………………………………………..18 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This submission on Indigenous languages, culture and identity demonstrates the manner in which Canada continues to practice institutionalized racial discrimination and assimilation against Indigenous peoples’ human rights and fundamental freedoms through the imposition of their policies...
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...history of Canada has gone through various events, some of which produced a nightmare for the country and from which the people as well as the leaders are still trying to awake, while making sure that such events do not take place ever again. In this essay I discuss the Canadian Ethnic problems and it's multiculturalism by mainly focus on two typical examples :the aboriginal people and the Chinese who have suffered injustice through out the history in different aspects such as politics and cultural. And later ,by looking at the current situations of the Canadian ethnicity in general and going over the past decisions that the government had made, I try to suggest the possible solutions. Introduction: As we all know, Canada is a country with large immigrants. Therefore , the history of Canada is largely the history of the meeting of different cultures. As its early settlers are mostly immigrants from Central and Western Europe, European culture is playing a dominant role in Canada's culture. Since the eightieth of the twentieth century, as the number of immigrants from different parts increased significantly, the new immigrants brought in their own culture with them as well. Thus, people are now feeling more of the tensions between those cultures and of prejudice felt among these groups toward one another. For this reason, how to deal with the relationship between the different nationalities became a big problem for the Canada government...
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...Collective rights are an important part of the Constitution of Canada. Six groups in Canada have collective rights, which includes, Aboriginal peoples, First Nations, Métis, Inuit peoples and Francophones and Anglophones. Francophone and Anglophones have benefited the most from the collective rights in Canada. How do we know that Francophones and Anglophones have benefited the most from collective rights? We can compare how Francophones and Anglophones got their rights, what rights they have and how secure their rights are compared to the other groups in Canada who have collective rights. How did the Francophones and Anglophones get their rights? It all started in 1608 when Samuel de Champlain founded the city of Quebec; one hundred and...
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...Defining the issue Aboriginal families all across Canada were affected by the residential school system. The two main objectives of residential schools were to remove and isolate indigenous children from their families and cultures and to assimilate them into the Western cultures. From the mid-1800s to the mid-1900s it was mandatory that Aboriginal children went to residential schools by the federal government, to try to make them more like “children in mainstream society” (Kevin, Beeds, and Filion 340). Aboriginal values were looked down upon. Schools were operated by a staff that consisted of nuns and priests. They focused on teaching children Christianity. This event was significant in Canadian history because it represented the loss of culture, language, and family connection due to long separations and the hardships faced at school. The experience at residential schools continue to affect generations of Aboriginals still to this day. History of the Issue Prior to the Canadian government’s involvement in the education of Aboriginal children, traditional education effectively sustained Aboriginal cultures for decades of years (340). Early in the 1600s French missionaries came to North America to convert Aboriginals to Christianity (340). They established mission schools in New France. By the 1800s the government focused on educating First Nations children in a way to indirectly assimilate them into Canadian society (340). In 1879, Prime Minister John A. Macdonald commissioned...
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...The Residential school system in Canada was a system devoted to providing a disciplined based ideal that promoted the rejection of the aboriginal culture in favor of the then dominant white European population. The teaching strategies that were encouraged ranged from pulling children as young as six away from their parents to mental, physical and sexual abuse. The Residential schools were run by a variety of participating church organizations, which received funding from the Canadian government. The funding was based on a per aboriginal basis therefore it was in the best interests of the churches to enroll as many aboriginal students as possible. The schools were run in almost every province in Canada from 1860-1884 and claimed to be promoting religious and cultural assimilation. However, the cruelty that was experienced by many young aboriginals in the residential schools emphasizes the differences between the aboriginal societies and the European dominant society making complete assimilation impossible. The imposition of residential schools on First Nations children has led to significant loss of indigenous languages, and this language loss has led to further cultural losses for traditional First Nations cultures in Canada. The earliest known date opening of a Residential school was in 1840, located in Manitowaning, Ontario. The school was the Wikemikong Indian Residential School, it closed in 1879. The last Residential school to close was La Tuque Indian...
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...According to INAC, the term for Aboriginal peoples is defined as: “a collective name for the original peoples of North America and their descendants. The Canadian constitution recognizes three groups of Aboriginal people: Indians (commonly referred to as First Nations), Métis and Inuit. These are three distinct peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs. More than one million people in Canada identify themselves as an Aboriginal person, according to the 2006 Census.” (Indigenous Nationhood) Although many Aboriginal peoples in Canada identify as being Aboriginal, many Aboriginal peoples struggle to maintain or gain a sense of cultural identity due to the Canadian Governments assimilation policies. Throughout this paper I will discuss how the Indian Act, the Canadian Residential School System, and the Sixties Scoop assimilated Aboriginal peoples into a European way of life, by attempting to integrate them into society by abolishing their Aboriginal identities. This assimilation process impacted Aboriginal peoples in negative ways throughout the generations socially, culturally, and economically. The negative impacts within child welfare system, educational institutions, and the socio-economic status of Aboriginal peoples today, prove assimilation and the total integration of Aboriginal peoples within mainstream society is unacceptable. Decolonization techniques should be applied within those areas in order combat the long lasting effects of...
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...significant positive impact in Canada is the entrenchment of Charter of Rights and Freedom in the Constitution as improves the society. The Charter protects a wide variety of individual rights. Every individual has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law. People will not be discriminated based on their races, national or ethnic origins, colours, religion, sexs, ages or mental or physical disabilities. It helped shaped a equal and free Canada as all individuals are being treated equally and have equal opportunity. The Charter of Rights and Freedom also guarantees collective rights. Collective rights are held by a group. The Charter guaranteed the rights of English- or French-speaking populations to be educated in their own language where numbers warrant. The Charter also guaranteed Aboriginal people both Aboriginal and treaty rights. It improves the society by helping to protect language and cultural identities of these people....
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...History reveals that many communities from different parts of world migrated and settled in Canada, this communities brought their culture and values along with them. As the time elapsed new trends were introduced for the progress of the nation but Canadian government thought that this aboriginal communities cannot accept the changes taking place in the society because of their cultural values, language and traditions. As a result of which “Canadian government developed a policy called aggressive assimilation” (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-residential-schools-in-canada-1.702280). This policy was mainly introduced to assimilate the aboriginal communities to Canadian culture by killing their culture, language and traditions. This policy directly affected the role of women in the society. As a result of this policy even today the aboriginal communities are suffering from poverty, addiction, alcoholism, violence activities and many other social issues which is becoming a barrier in the progress of nation in correct means. The first reason that led to all other issues was that the role of women was affected in the society because of the residential schools, born because of the “aggressive assimilation” policy implemented by the government. On June 11, 2008 Beverley Jacobs the president of Native Women’s Association of Canada relating the present situation and the situation before residential schools says that “Prior to the residential schools and prior to colonization...
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...Pennsylvania whose intention was to alienate entire generations of Indian children from their language and culture. Indian children were taken away from their parents, relatives, friends, and communities to residential schools where they lost their culture and ability to communicate in the native tongue. This system of residential school has been equated to cultural genocide. The 1876 Indian Act gave the government the responsibility for native education and residential school...
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...Canada From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For other uses, see Canada (disambiguation). Page semi-protected Canada Vertical triband (red, white, red) with a red maple leaf in the centre A shield divided into four rectangles over a triangle. The first rectangle contains three lions passant guardant in gold on red; the second, a red lion rampant on gold; the third, a gold harp on blue; the fourth, three gold fleurs-de-lis on blue. The triangle contains three red maple leaves on a white background. A gold helmet sits on top of the shield, upon which is a crowned lion holding a red maple leaf. On the right is a lion rampant flying the Union Flag. On the left is a unicorn flying a fleurs-de-lis flag. A red ribbon around the shield says "desiderantes meliorem patriam". Below is a blue scroll inscribed "A mari usque ad mare" on a wreath of flowers. Flag Coat of arms Motto: A Mari Usque Ad Mare (Latin) "From Sea to Sea" Anthem: "O Canada" Royal anthem: "God Save the Queen"[1][2] Projection of North America with Canada in green Capital Ottawa 45°24′N 75°40′W Largest city Toronto Official language(s) English and French Recognised regional languages Chipewyan, Cree, Gwich’in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, Slavey (North and South) and Tłįchǫ[3] Demonym Canadian Government Federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy[4] - Monarch Elizabeth II - Governor General David Johnston - Prime Minister Stephen...
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...Chapter One Canadian Constitution * THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCUMENT IN CANADA!!!!!!!!!!! * Has the roles of ALL levels of the government and describes how they work together * Governor General * Executive * Legislative * Judicial * Also has things like ooooh, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms British Monarch * The governor general is the Queen’s representative here in Canada * They are the formal head of state * So no real power… * Considered part of the executive and legislative branch The Executive Branch * Prime Minister and the Cabinet are part of the executive * To become PM, you have to lead a political party and win the most seats in the HofC * The cabinet is chosen by the PM and they come from his political party * Makes most laws and goes through the process to enact them * Basically runs the government through the days * Cabinet ministers are given portfolios that they are responsible for * They research issues and help to propose laws from their portfolio * Ex. Agriculture, justice, foreign affairs are types of portfolios * Each cabinet runs their own affairs which is the day to day activity of the government. * Each cabinet minister has their own staff to help them Political Parties * Whoever has the most seats leads the government * Candidates run for election, party with most votes form government * Are considered organizations...
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...As an Aboriginal of the age of four to sixteen living in the 1800’s until the 1990’s, life was not diverting due to the Residential School systems. Canada has been struggling to gain the forgiveness of the Residential School attendants and gladly, they had finally accepted our apologies, but will they ever forgive themselves for not being one of us? During the twentieth century, Residential Schools became widespread in all Canadian provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Newfoundland. Aboriginal children had been seized from their homes and had been placed into these ‘boarding schools’. They had to do labour work, live with complete strangers, and also study the Canadian culture just to kill the Indian in the Child. The young children had to do all of this for the government while being abused. Sexually, physically and mentally. About one hundred and fifty thousand children were placed into this horrid living and only eighty thousand made it out alive as in two thousand and eight. In order for us to be forgiven, we did two acts that will never make up for what our country had done to them. We wrote a state of apology that was read in front of a crowd of survivors. We had also given each of them a generous amount of money as a materialistic apology. But how did the aboriginal community act upon the materialistic goods and apology? Has Canada as a whole done enough to heal the wounds of aboriginal students that had attended the Residential...
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...conflict). High expectations of accountability in the formal legalities. The government must retain the confidence of the house (budget proposals) -legislative process: see above -party discipline: is linked to the idea of confidence, it operates through out the system. The general expectation is that members will vote along party lines. Pros: Accountability meaning that you know who is power and responsible for certain parts of the government, higher level of efficiency, fiscal and budgetary concerns, Cons: Can not always vote according to beliefs and values, inefficiency Federalism: Important driver of politics within Canada. To what extent are the types of different conflicts between the different levels of conflicts. Another reason why federalism exists is due in large part to the question of Quebec and the allocation of powers between french canada and the rest of the country. The Canadian State: Sovereignty 1867: Constitution Act, 1867 (BNA) 1926: The King-Byng Thing 1926: Nadan v. The King: criminal cases could be heard by the JCPC still The Balfour Declaration 1931: The statue of Westminster (formalize the separation of British and Canadian Government) 1949 Abolition of appeals to JCPC 1982: Constitution Act, 1982: Passed by the British Government (formally ammeter any requirement for the Canadian government to have to go to the British government for any...
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...CANADA - Before Confederation, the Canadian government was not concerned about the education of the Aboriginal people. However, once the government policy changed in 1830 and it was required to provide Aboriginal youth with education and merge them into Canadian society, the Canadian government and various religious institutions formed church-run residential schools in every province besides Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. The Aboriginal leaders and elders anticipated that these schools would let their children learn the skills of the Canadian society and help them easily transition into the dominated society of Canada but the residential schools were of nothing they imagined or hoped for (). RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS: THE DARK SIDE Continued Currently, residential schools are still running and forcibly taking Aboriginal children from the ages five to sixteen from their families and communities and forcing them to attend the schools where they are deprived of their...
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...The Aboriginal people of Canada hold significant importance to Canadian history and our country today, yet as a whole, the Aboriginal people of Canada differ from non-aboriginals in access to health care and overall health outcomes. Although the overall health of Aboriginals has been improving over the past 20 years (Health Canada, 2013), as a group, Aboriginal people still have the shortest life expectancies and poorest health (HCC, 2012). Literature and antidotal research as cited several factors they negatively affect health outcomes. An important barrier that this paper will discuss the concept of cultural safety as a barrier to access health care by Canadian Aboriginals. It will then define cultural safety and discuss the evolution of...
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