...Chapter 01 1.1 Introduction: A storage device may be used to store energy from renewable energy source in DC form which can be converted to AC power by using power inverter. Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) technique may be used to control output rms voltage of the inverter. As the load is variable, the power consumed by the load (PL) may be smaller than the power generated from the renewable energy source (PR). Therefore a Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Controller may be used to supply the additional power (PR – PL) from the renewable energy source to the grid. On the other hand if the power consumed by the load (PL) is greater than the power generated from the renewable energy source (PR) therefore the same FACTS controller may be used to absorb the additional power (PR – PL) from the grid to the load. In this case the FACTS controller must allow bi-directional power flow. If all the active houses are connected to the grid in the same way (proposed way), the active houses that generate more power than the load can be supplied to the active houses that generate less power than the load. Therefore a suitable FACTS controller should be designed in such a way that it can control the power flow in both directions. The idea is illustrated in the following figure. 1.2 Objectives: • Study on different FACTS controllers • Study on different renewable energy sources • Study on different...
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...or omissions contained herein. First Edition: August 2008 Document Part Number: 469058-001 MSG revision history Revision A Publication date October 2009 Description The audio/infrared board spare part kit does not include an audio/infrared board cable. The audio/infrared board cable is included in the Cable Kit, spare part number 480474-001. The information was updated in the following locations: Computer major components on page 18, Sequential part number listing on page 37, and Removal and replacement procedures on page 47. iii iv MSG revision history Safety warning notice WARNING! To reduce the possibility of heat-related injuries or of overheating the computer, do not place the computer directly on your lap or obstruct the computer air vents. Use the computer only on a hard, flat surface. Do not allow another hard surface, such as an adjoining optional printer, or a soft surface, such as pillows or rugs or clothing, to block airflow. Also, do not allow the AC adapter to contact the skin or a soft surface,...
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...2020. Currently in development, Light Peak is being developed as a single universal replacement for current buses such as SCSI, SATA, USB, FireWire, PCI Express and HDMI, in an attempt to reduce the proliferation of ports on contemporary computers. Bus systems such as USB were developed for the same purpose, and successfully replaced a number of older technologies. However, increasing bandwidth demands have led to higher performance standards like eSATA and DisplayPort that cannot connect to USB and similar peripherals. Light Peak provides a high enough bandwidth to drive these over a single type of interface, and often on a single daisy chained cable. As a single universal replacement for current buses such as SCSI, SATA, USB, FireWire, PCI Express and HDMI, Light Peak aims to remove some of the problems in the computer industry that are now apparent such as the limited transfer speeds and multiple connectors, many of which must be supported and then are often fated to go completely unused. A major problem in single-cable connection is the maximum length of electrical cables – DC power and electrical signals diminish rapidly over more than 5 meter distances. In theory, a device under 5m away could be easily served by either a 10Gb DC PoE or 4.8Gb USB 3 interface on a single cable for both power and data. However, if the device must be more than 5m away it will be separately powered by AC and must necessarily rely on an optical cable anyway to achieve sustained 10Gb speeds...
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...investments in projects that increased customer service and improved operational efficiency.” This comment is aligned with the predictable operator company practices and is evidence that in order to gain a competitive advantage in the Canadian insurance industry it is vital that operational efficiencies are realized through better IT solutions at Canadian Shield and its parent company, Assurance Centrale Inc. (AC). In the key decision going forward, is this Seamus' call? If not, whose decision is it? Who should make the decision? Under what decision area(s) in the Weill & Ross governance model does this decision fall? As the leader of Information Systems at Canadian Shield, one of many subsidiaries of Assurance Centrale, Seamus Reynolds was tasked with piloting a new information system that could potentially replace the IS’s at all of Assurance Centrale’s regional offices. Five years after starting this project he was feeling the weight of the responsibility for a project that could eventually transform the entire enterprise. The executives at Canadian Shield and AC should have put together a team of knowledgeable IT professionals, business unit heads, and executives to make sure that the new IS would be selected, budgeted, and implemented properly. Instead they allowed one IT leader in a Calgary-based subsidiary to essentially determine the course of the entire...
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...Electric Vehicle Conversion Literature Review Southern Illinois University Carbondale College of Engineering Senior Design Project Brocton Barras Joshua Day Matthew Griffin Andrew Phegley Nathan Smith Alex Turek 1 ORIGINALITY STATEMENT This paper conveys research pertinent to the design and construction of a unique electric vehicle in a form that is easily understood. Unique characteristics include dual, independently controlled A/C drive motors, elimination of traditional mechanical power transmission devices, and traction control software with the ability to make changes several thousand times per second. These original ideas make for an environmentally responsible vehicle with few moving parts. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Brocton Barras – Wrote a brief recap of the history of electric vehicles. Joshua Day – Responsible for originality/acknowledgments page, as well as abstract and conclusions. Matthew Griffin – Provided research for innovative control methods section of paper. Andrew Phegley – Wrote a brief description of A/C vs. D/C motors. Nathan Smith – Provided research for the construction of battery packs. Alex Turek – Responsible for introduction, section on the CAN bus, and editorial duties. ABSTRACT The objective of this project is to design and build an electric vehicle that exhibits unique qualities not found in any production vehicle in its class. The vehicle will operate in a similar capacity to the average automobile so as to maintain familiarity...
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...These trucks had wrap around windshields and several bed size choices. If you have restored yours and added a Gen IV AC unit, then add a bit of chrome to the dash. H&H Classic carries restoration parts for your truck. Adding AC to your classic truck makes it much more comfortable to drive when going to shows or even driving around town. You can add a deluxe control upgrade to your Gen IV AC unit. This is a chrome control that will add a lot of class to your dash. It fits any model truck from 1955 through 1959 with a Vintage Gen IV air conditioning unit. It will bolt into the dash without modification and it connects directly to the AC unit. It is manufactured by Vintage Air and is shipped directly from the manufacturer. Vintage Air has been in business since 1976 and is owned and operated by hot rodders who know what you need in your hot...
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...Chrysler AC Evaporator Core If you have an AC evaporator core failure in your Chrysler vehicle you're not alone. A quick search will reveal thousands of drivers dealing with the same exact problem. The scope of the air-conditioning malfunction is amazing. Evaporator core failure on a 93 Dodge Intrepid is as common as it is on a 2007 Dodge Caravan or a 2001 300M luxury sedan. One thing these models have in common is a high cost to replace the difficult to access component. On some auto repairs you can save money by going to a privately owned shop instead of a dealership. However, nobody wants to replace the evaporator on a Dodge or Chrysler product. Therefore, both independent and dealership shops will come in at a high estimate. They’re...
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...locations know how important it is to have a running, operable AC unit, especially for the hot summer months. Since temperatures often climb to over 100 degrees, the thought of a broken air conditioning system can strike fear in the hearts of those living in the extreme heat. Thankfully, there are some reliable signs to look for when evaluating whether a unit can make it through the hottest days of summer. Take a look at the following to stay prepared: 1. The system is constantly running. In most HVAC systems, the unit is triggered when the temperature in the home reaches a certain point. When the house is too warm, the unit will turn on and work to cool the rooms. Once a desired temperature is achieved, the...
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...There are two dimensions to consulting CONSULTING DIMENSIONS Process Consulting Tools Frameworks Analysis Tools seniority Project structuring Roles and responsibilities Execution Sequencing - Workplan Client management 0 Typical Elements of Consulting Process Problem Structuring : Key Issue Identification Team formation and Work-plan creation Problem Solving Data collection and analysis Option generation and evaluation Recommendation Syndication Implementation The process is not sequential but iterative 1 Frameworks and Tools 2 Different frameworks / tools are available to address specific questions TOOLS Question Theory Framework / Tool Which industry will be globally competitive in the long term? How attractive is this industry? What is the demand likely to be? Porters Diamond Porters Five Forces Demand Estimation How is the industry evolving Value chain analysis International Case Studies Which business to focus on? Which to divest? GE-McKinsey BCG matrix SWOT 3 Different frameworks / tools are available to address specific questions TOOLS Question Theory Framework / Tool What are the broad competitive strategies? What are the opportunities for growth? Discipline of market leaders Generic strategies Ansoff Matrix 7 degrees of freedom Market segmentation ...
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...Solar power as away of providing heat and electrical energy from heat The Sun the heat of the sun is about equivalent to burning a billion trillion tons of coal an hour. Even though only a small fraction of that heat ever reaches the earth it is still more then enough to power the whole world. People seemed to realize the importance of the sun around 30,000 BC. This was when people first started planting crops of wheat. They realized plants did better when planted in the sun over the shade. This caused them to worship the sun as a God. Many cultures built large and extravagant temples to worship the sun in. Other cultures built places to observe the sun in, such as Stonehenge in England. Different Types of Solar Panels There are three main types of solar panels. They are flat plate collectors, focusing collectors, and solar cells. The first kind is a flat plate collector. Flat plate collectors are fastened on the top of the roof of a house. They usually either heat the house or its water. A flat plate collector consists of a black rectangular frame, two or three sheets of glass, and copper plumbing. A flat plat collector uses the greenhouse affect. The sun rays go through the glass but can’t get out through the glass. The sun rays heat the water-filled copper tubes. Then the water is used to heat the home or water. Another type of a solar panel is a focusing collector. They consist of a mirror or mirrors...
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...support and services through the camera. The second function is based on security consideration. The cameras monitor all the classroom and are controlled by the IT department. The video tapes of monitor are collected and stored by an outsourcing company from Richmond on a weekly basis. The finance market classroom is located on the first floor. The classroom is equipped with more technical installments. If the computer and televisions are impaired by a flood or other water-related damage, all the impaired equipment should be recorded and reported even if they could still function. Another room equipped with high technical installations is Brinkley Commons. Two projection walls and two podiums are installed. Some of the audio and sound systems are installed into the high ceilings. Brinkley commons is often accessible to the public,...
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...PRACTICE NO. GSE-3009 PAGE 1 OF 10 PREFERRED RELIABILITY PRACTICES Practice: Uninterruptable Power Supply Systems (UPS) Enhance system, subsystem, and component reliability by providing an uninterruptable power supply (UPS) system. Benefits: Enhances mission reliability and prevents catastrophic mission failure. Use of UPS can prevent equipment damage by giving personnel time to safe a system or to provide power to critical equipment such as oxygen analyzers or emergency lighting until personnel can move to another area. In addition, UPS can be used to provide filtered AC power to equipment and eliminates disturbances in the power such as spikes, undervoltages (dips and sags), outage flicker, and transient noise which can affect system performance. This significantly increases reliability of electronic equipment using AC power. Programs Which Certify Use: Crawler Transporter, Orbiter Processing Facilities, Launch Processing System. Center to Contact for More Information: Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Implementation Method: UPS can be used where loss of power during an operation is considered critical or where loss of power may cause extensive equipment damage or data loss. Technical Rationale: An UPS typically does two things: (1) It either provides power to enable the safe shutdown of equipment and saving data to a nonvolatile medium, or (2) it provides power to equipment over the duration of fault/failure, enabling equipment to operate continuously. Safe shutdown is completed...
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...Getting Started Guide for HOMER Version 2.1 April 2005 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle HOMER Getting Started Guide 2/30 About this Getting Started Guide This Getting Started guide introduces you to HOMER by walking you through eleven steps. You will start by providing HOMER with information, or inputs, about power system designs that you want to consider. HOMER will simulate system configurations, create a list of feasible system designs, and sort the list by cost-effectiveness. In the final step, you will use HOMER to perform a sensitivity analysis. By going through each step in the guide, you should become familiar with the software, and develop enough experience to start using the model on your own. It should take about an hour to complete this exercise. The online version of this guide You can open an online version of this guide by choosing Getting Started on HOMER's Help menu. Checking your work as you go Throughout the guide are illustrations that show how HOMER should look as you use the software. Be sure to compare what appears on your computer screen to the illustrations to make sure that you have correctly completed each step. About Tips and Notes: Throughout this guide, tips and notes provide additional information to help you better understand...
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...INTERRUPTIBLE AND UNINTERRUPTIBLE AC POWER BACK-UP SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION Fermilab utilizes a variety of emergency AC power systems to provide back-up power to critical loads in the event of power outages. Larger such systems are gas or diesel powered motor-generators. This chapter does not specifically cover these larger systems. Smaller systems are normally powered by the AC electrical distribution system and employ DC batteries for energy storage of sufficient capacity to back-up the protected load for a specific time period. A first version of the smaller type tolerates an interruption of power to the load and is commonly known as an Interruptible Power Supply (IPS). The IPS type system is typically used for emergency egress lighting. The requirements for testing, documenting and repairing emergency egress lighting are specifically addressed in FESHM Chapter 6011 - “PERIODIC TESTING OF EMERGENCY LIGHTS’. The more common version of the emergency power back-up system is the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) which provides continuous uninterrupted AC power to selected loads. The UPS finds use in backing up computer related systems, critical loads (such as the Comm Center), and also emergency egress lighting systems. The voltage output of IPS and UPS systems are typically 120 or 277 VAC. The ampacity of these systems, rated in KVA, and time of being able to provide emergency power vary from system to system. Both the IPS and UPS type systems employ Direct Current (DC)...
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...Gas District Cooling | Ref | : | PJH/GDC/GMPDD/2000(B)-2/ /2014 | Date | : | August 2014 | Subject | : | REPLACEMENT OF NITROGEN AUTO CHANGEOVER ALARM PANEL POWER SUPPLY UNIT at GAS DISTRICT COOLING PUTRAJAYA PLANT 3 for GAS DISTRICT COOLING (PUTRAJAYA) SDN BHD.- Contracting Strategy for Purchase Order to Single Source Bidder. | 1.0 OBJECTIVE 1.1 To seek your kind approval on the contracting strategy for REPLACEMENT OF NITROGEN AUTO CHANGEOVER ALARM PANEL POWER SUPPLY UNIT at GAS DISTRICT COOLING PUTRAJAYA PLANT 3 for GAS DISTRICT COOLING (PUTRAJAYA) SDN BHD. 2.0 BACKGROUND & ARISING ISSUE 3.1 The PJP3 Nitrogen Auto Changeover Alarm Panel is purposely to indicate the operation status of Nitrogen Bank A or B normal, Bank A or B empty and common alarm. 3.2 The alarm and buzzer will trigger when the tank empty or common alarm. The buzzer can be reset by push the reset button, but the alarm will still remain until the empty cylinders have been replaced and the pressure resume normal. Other than that, the operation status also can be viewed at the DCS monitoring system. 3.3 Currently, the power supply unit for the alarm panel was found faulty and there is no indication being shown at the alarm panel either in the DCS system. 3.4 A power supply unit (PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the operation of the alarm panel. 3.5 Based on the Operation & Maintenance Agreement...
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