...Accutane, A Cure and a Problem Every day a young person opens their eyes to another blemish or a fiery breakout and wishes there was a magical cure to the most hated disease by teenagers and some adults,acne. There are face washes,wonder creams and complete systems on the market such as Proctive or Clear or Aveeno. People with the most severe cases of acne have tried every one ,spent hundreds of dollars and found they do not work. People are visiting Dermotologists more frequently to find answers to the perplexing problems of acne and the question of,"Why me?" The truth of the matter is the gene pool is a complex system and everyone's DNA ladder is completely different. Some people escape the horrors of acne completely, others have the typical two year horror story and then it clears up. There are a select amount of people that have occasional flare ups which subside on their own. Then there are the unfortunate people that are diagnosed with cyclic acne. For these people the treatment of course turns out to be accutane. Accutane is a cure but is it over prescribed and is this being done haphazardly without real consideration for the consequences? Acne vulgaris, the medical term for typical acne, is the most common skin disease. It is so common that nearly eighty-five percent of the population will develop some form of acne at some time between the ages of twelve and twenty-five years. Although there are several theories about what causes acne, medical doctors...
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...BUS884 Hoffmann-la-Roche and Accutane Controversy Stakeholder Analysis Team 1: Whitney Lettin Yuliya Kaliada Yafei Wang Savan Mandalia Executive Summary Embracing the ideals of CSR has become imperative for Roche in order to maintain its competitive advantage. The controversy around Accutane, one of the company’s best performing and most powerful drugs, only reinforces this fact. When Accutane appeared on the market, it became a “miracle drug” for those who were suffering from the most severe types of acne. At the same time its powerful side effects, including teratogenicity, clearly outweighed the “miracle effect” for many patients. Roche’s failure to implement an effective risk management program (RMP) concurrently with the release of the drug triggered frequent pregnancy exposures, severely deformed babies born as a result and following lawsuits. Our analysis shows that Roche wasn’t proactive enough in managing its stakeholder relationships – namely, with the FDA, its main customers (doctors and patients) and various pressure groups. Had the company been more responsive to their needs, it probably wouldn’t have had to eventually remove Accutane from the U.S. market. We believe that Roche needs to make pregnancy prevention its #1 priority when disbursing Accutane in other countries (and if it is ever released in the United States again). We recommend creating a comprehensive RMP with effective compliance enforcement mechanisms attached to it, such as requiring...
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...Reading and Interpreting Drug Labels: Lipitor and Accutane Lipitor: The actual name of the drug is “atorvastatin”. The name suggests that it is a “statin”, which is a type of medication which blocks an enzyme in the liver, preventing it from creating cholesterol, in order to lower the cholesterol level in the body (Pfizer, 2010). By lowering the cholesterol, atorvastatin helps to prevent heart disease, heart attack, stroke and vascular disease by preventing the hardening of the arteries (EMedicine Health, 2010). Along with proper diet and exercise, Lipitor is proven to lower bad cholesterol by 39-60% (Pfizer, 2010). Certain things such as alcohol and grapefruit should be avoided while taking Lipitor to avoid disruption of the drugs designated duties. Accutane: This drug is Vitamin metabolite class as first generation of retinoid (Isotretinoin, 2007). Its main mechanism is to inhibit sebaceous gland differentiation and decrease sebaceous gland size. The main indication for administrating this medication is mainly treat severe nodular acne, reduces the amount of oil released by the oil glands in your skin and helps your skin renew itself quickly (Isotertinoin, 2007). It is usually given after other acne medicines or antibiotics have been taken without beneficial results. According to the nursing drug guide, Isotretinoin can cause side effects so before one begins taking it one should discuss with a doctor how severe the condition is. The main adverse effect and side effects...
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...Biological Science in the News #3 Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160425141528.htm Title of Article: Birth defects, pregnancy terminations, miscarriages in users of acne drug 1. Define: What is article about? This article talks about Canada’s program that aims to prevent pregnancy in women who use Accutane, a powerful acne drug, and how it is not effective. Accutane, or Isotretinion, is a drug used for acne treatments, and can severely harm a fetus, causing craniofacial, cardiac, and central nervous system defects as well as the likelihood of a miscarriage or medical termination. I study has shown that 30-50% of the women who are on the drug do not comply with the program’s requirements. In order to prevent fetal risk from the drug, the article says that Canada is using pregnancy termination rather than pregnancy prevention. This means that not all the doctors are sticking closely to the guidelines to prevent pregnancy during acne treatment. The Canadian program recommends an informed written consent, two negative pregnancy tests before beginning treatment, and the use of two reliable birth control methods during treatment. Studies have shown that many woman were still getting pregnant while on the drug and many weren’t even taking birth control. 2. Analyze: Discuss salient ideas or points. What impact do you think this news has or will have on you or the world we live in? The main idea here is that it is extremely dangerous for a fetus...
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...about ethics. They have an established group, the Roche Scientific Ethics Advisory Group (SEAG), which offers advice and counsel on a broad range of ethical matters. The group is comprised of independent, multi-cultural experts from all different fields in the pharmaceutical industry. The SEAG helps Roche follow set global standards involving research and testing. Every physician involved in pharmaceutical development must take the following vow: “The health of my patient will be my first consideration”. (2nd General Assembly of the World Medical Association, 1948). Although Roche goes to such lengths to ensure that they make quality products, dangerous pharmaceuticals do get through. One such drug is isotretinoin, more commonly known as Accutane. The...
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...Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B5 for Acne Virtually everyone remembers the frustrating experience of acne with small inflamed dots called pimples or blackheads. For the young woman concerned about self-image, skin complexion is important. One or two strategically placed pimples can be intolerable. For some, acne can progress, leading to scarring and disfigurement, with pitting and nodularity called Acne Vulgaris. While some are spared this chronic ordeal, others endure many years of ineffective treatments by a succession of dermatologists. Although some treatments such as Accutane™ may offer success, there is a price in terms of serious adverse side effects. What Causes Acne? Acne is caused by excess oil called sebum which originates in the sebaceous glands at the root of the hair follicles. This oily build may occlude the duct in the skin causing blockage and infection. "Popping the pimple” is a home remedy which forces the occluding plug to pop out of the pore, providing drainage and temporary relief. Common Causes of Acne Acne is a common adverse side effect of synthetic birth control pills which mimic testosterone. Elevated testosterone levels in males and females are associated with increased oil production in the skin resulting in acne. A common genetic mutation called atypical CAH (congenital adrenal hyperplasia) causes increased testosterone in females resulting in acne. PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) syndrome is associated with increased testosterone...
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...*CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: *THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MARKETING Introduction The study of consumers helps firms and organizations improve their marketing strategies by understanding issues such as how The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and select between different alternatives (e.g., brands, products); The psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment (e.g., culture, family, signs, media); The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other marketing decisions; Limitations in consumer knowledge or information processing abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome; How consumer motivation and decision strategies differ between products that differ in their level of importance or interest that they entail for the consumer; and How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach the consumer. One "official" definition of consumer behavior is "The study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society." Although it is not necessary to memorize this definition, it brings up some useful points: Behavior occurs either for the individual, or in the context of a group (e.g., friends influence what kinds of clothes a person...
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...DEPRESSION AND WORK FUNCTION Throughout the nation and our world people are suffering from this disease.Depression effects people of both genders, all ages, and any background. People once believed that teens never went through any form of severe depression. Some still believe this to be true, but if it were why are teens homicidal and suicidal? This report should give support for the fact that a teen’s depression deserves attention, not the shrug of the shoulders or the turn of a back. Depression is defined as the point or points is ones lifetime when they are mentally unstable and the emotional state marked by sadness, discouragement, and loss that can occur during the teenage years. Depression causes changes in behavior, thinking and especially changes in ones everyday life. “Depression amongst teens generally starts when a child hits puberty, but could possibly begin the day they were born if chemically inbalanced (heredity).” Dr. David Kalkstein, psychiatrist at Penn Foundation. Depression can effect anyone, anytime, and anywhere. Teens, children, and adults are all effected, some even have the same problems in common, the causes too. Depression is experienced mostly by teens even though it is mistakenly classified as an “adult illness”. “Twenty percent of high school students are deeply unhappy or have some kind of psychiatric problem.” The causes for depression in teens are sometimes more harsh than the causes in adults. In a teen’s lifetime they have to face many problems...
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...wrinkles, pigmentation, and sun damaged skin. There are three different types of peels: superficial, the lowest level, medium depth, and deep peeling. Estheticians can only perform superficial peels anything that is more invasive has to e performed by a physician. So in the salons the parentage that can be applied is between 15 and 30 percent. These peels include Alpha Hydroxy Acids, Beta Hydroxy Acids, and 1 to 2 layers of a Jessner’s peel. All of these peels can be performed every two weeks. When performed they may tingle or feel a little hot and will most likely turn the skin pink. Contraindications to these peels include: allergies to aspirin or salicylic acids, pregnant or nursing, current use of topical or internal antibiotics, Accutane use within the last year, open cold sores, wounds, or other infections, cancer, and autoimmune disease. Any of these would make the client an unfit candidate for a superficial peel. The next level of chemical peels is the medium-depth, Trichlooaceticc Acid or TCA; a dermatologist or plastic surgeon should only perform these peels. TCA can go as deep as the dermis so it should be used with care. The percentage that is used is between 35 and 50. TCA can cause scarring even when just a couple of layers are applied. Contraindications are the same as superficial peels but as include clients that smoke because their skin will be asphyxiated. Phenol peels are the most dangerous and can only be performed by a dermatologist or...
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...Each day that overflowing confidence I once had dwindled down more and more, as insecurity and anxiety grew. Eventually, my anxiety lashed out panic attacks whenever I encountered others. Public appearances were no longer an option for me. The insecurity was so extreme that some days I was unable to go to school. It was than when my mother stepped in and knew this was out of control. On graduation day of middle school, I went to a dermatologist. Accutane was the drug prescribed to me, a potent but extremely effective cure for acne. It only took a couple months over the summer for my skin to completely clear. Even after the treatment, I was still not the same person I was growing up. Months past before I felt even a fraction of what I had before. Through friends, family, lifting weights, and basketball I’m currently at the point where I’m happy with how I feel in my own skin. This experience was one of the biggest growing points in my life. Respectfulness became something I pride myself on greatly. Since middle school I’ve tried to be as respectful and caring for others as I can be. I also notice situations where I can be helpful and lighten people’s moods much more. There were situations...
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...Every year, babies are born all over the world with all kinds of malformations, which are mostly caused by outside forces acting upon it. These outside forces can include alcohol, smoking, illegal drugs, and other things; however, for the malformation, cleft lip, doctors have not found the exact cause (WebMD). Cleft lip is a malformation of the lip where there’s not enough skin to attach one side of the upper lip with the other. According to WebMD, a medical information website, there’s a “psychical split or separation of the upper lip and [it] appears as a narrow opening or gap in the skin of the upper lip” (WebMD). Cleft palate, along with cleft lip, are often called “orofacial clefts” (cdc.gov), and is common as well, and can occur alongside cleft lip. Cleft palate is where the roof of the mouth has a split due to not enough tissue being there, and both cleft palate and cleft lip can split on both sides of the mouth (WebMD). Each year, according to the CDC, there is approximately 2,650 babies that are born with a cleft palate and 4,440 babies born with cleft lips or cleft palate in the United States....
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...Product Liability and Legal Ramifications Christopher M. Branch MBA 5861 New Product Marketing 08/13/2013 Christopher Branch MBA 5861 Term 1A Dr. David Castle 08/13/2013 Product Liability and Legal Ramifications The next time you walk into a retail store like Wal-Mart, Target, Home Depot, Office Depot, Babies R’ Us/Toy R’ Us, you will see a board, typically in plain sight of the viewing public, with sheets of papers titled “Product Recall” or Safety Recall or something of the like. Recalled items run the gamut of consumers good and are generally recalled because of a safety or health concerns. The Food and Drug Administration regularly issues recalls or public safety notices for Medical Products, Pharmaceuticals, Tobacco, and contaminated food items. Product Liability is the responsibility of manufacturers, distributors and sellers, they are expected to act in the best interest of the public; to deliver a product free of defects which can harm an individual or persons; and to make good on that responsibility if their products are defective. These can include faulty auto brakes, contaminated baby food, exploding bottles of beer, flammable children's pajamas, or lack of label warnings. The key element in products liability law is that a person who suffers harm from a product need not prove negligence, since the negligence is "presumed" and the result is "strict liability" (absolute responsibility) on the seller, distributor and manufacturer. An injured person...
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...Eboni Goodrich Research Paper 1 Project 3; (400 hours) February 17th, 2014 Tennessee Academy of Cosmetology Michele Byers didn't have any skin problems. She just wanted to do something nice for herself as she approached her 50th birthday. Byers went to an at-home esthetician for microdermabrasion, a nonsurgical procedure that polishes away dead skin. After a session, bumps started to appear on Byers' face. Her cheeks were covered in indentations. "It looked like a railroad track on my forehead and nose," says Byers of Castro Valley, Calif. "Here I was trying to do something nice for myself and I ended up looking worse than I ever had in my life." Contrary to popular belief, darker skin is not tougher; in fact, while extra melanin does have its benefits - sun protection and slowed signs of aging - it makes the skin more sensitive and vulnerable to injury. The side effects are common for people with darker skin. Most skin care is only marketed to white people (lacking tone), not even Asians, Hispanics and darker-skinned Europeans. Education of the skin is geared to white skin, and it's still not considered to be a prestigious career here in the United States as with beauty advisers in Europe. If the skin is darker it is prone to scarring and hyper-pigmentation, so we have to be more careful with skin of color. Latin, Asian, Indian, Mediterranean or African-American descents skin requires special skin care. Even acne or laser hair removal should be handled differently on...
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...BIOS275 Week 6 Homework 12. What serious adverse effect has been linked to the drug Accutane? The serious adverse effect that has been linked to the drug Accutuane is depression and suicide. This drug is only used to treat severe acne and not common acne. 15. What is a herpes zoster infection and what drugs are used to treat it? Herpes zoster infection or shingles occur from the reemergence of the same virus that first caused chickenpox in the patient. The virus remains dormant in the body until later in life, when stress or illness triggers it to emerge. The following drugs are used to treat this infection: acyclovir (Zovirax), famciclovir (Famvir), and valacyclovir (Valtrex). 17. What is unusual about the origin of the popular drug Botox? The toxin in Botox is the same toxin produced by Clostridium Botulinum, the bacterium that causes food poisoning. The trade name Botox comes from the letters botulinum toxin. 2. Discuss the use of silver nitrate versus erythromycin to prevent newborns from developing eye infections due to gonorrhea. When babies are born, most states require a topical anti-infective drug be applied to prevent possible infection or blindness due to gonorrhea. Silver nitrate is less expensive but has drawbacks like conjunctival irritation and swelling. This drug also is ineffective in preventing eye infections due to Chlamydia. Erythromycin is more expensive but will treat and prevent what silver nitrate cannot. 4. Name three categories of drugs that...
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...Little-Known Causes of Depression There are many well-known depression triggers: Trauma, grief, financial troubles, and unemployment are just a few. But if we are depressed and none of these apply to us, it can be hard to pinpoint a specific cause. In truth, there may not be a concrete reason for depression. But here are some little-known causes to consider. * Poor sleep habits It's no surprise that sleep deprivation can lead to irritability, but it could also increase the risk of depression. A 2007 study found that when healthy participants were deprived of sleep, they had greater brain activity after viewing upsetting images than their well-rested counterparts, which is similar to the reaction that depressed patients have, noted one of the study authors. If we don't sleep, we don't have time to replenish [brain cells], the brain stops functioning well, and one of the many factors that could lead to is depression. * Face book overload Spending too much time in chat rooms and on social-networking sites is a very harmful activity especially for youngsters. A number of studies now suggest that this can be associated with depression, particularly in teens and preteens. Internet addicts may struggle with real-life human interaction and a lack of companionship, and they may have an unrealistic view of the world. Some experts even call it "Face book depression." In a 2010 study, researchers found that about 1.2% of people ages 16 to 51 spent an inordinate amount...
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