...develops quickly, requiring higher dosages or frequency. By the 1960’s Crystal Meth was being manufactured illegally in many homes. With eighty dollars’ worth of simple items that you can easily acquire from your local pharmacy and hardware store, you can turn to a profit of one-thousand dollars. It is no wonder this has become such an epidemic. With this new discovery also came the dental condition called Meth Mouth. Meth mouth is a dental condition often characterized by severe tooth decay and loss of teeth. The condition got its name toward the latter part of 2004 when it started becoming a major problem for the corrections departments and local jails. The influx of persons with these conditions prompted city officials to look for the root cause. The exact cause of the condition is unknown as of today but grinding of the teeth also known as bruxism and dry mouths known as xerostomia are believed to be involved in the condition. There are many negatives associated with Methamphetamines, the obvious being that it is illegal. Another more visible side effect is Meth Mouth. Meth mouth is a severe Dental condition that causes loss of teeth, enamel erosion and sever tooth decay. It may also be described as stained, blackened, or rotting teeth. In many cases the teeth cannot be saved due to the severity and must be removed. The carries rate for meth users is four times higher than an average non meth user. Symptoms and outward signs are rampant tooth decay, broken teeth, attrition...
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...self-efficacy? The battle against drug abuse has been a widespread problem in the United States for decades and continues to threaten its very existence. Research reveals that adolescents and teenagers are the largest majority among active drug users (CDC, 2014). Challenges in overcoming addiction lies in finding alternate things to do in order to occupy oneself that does not involve the use of drugs (Goldstein, 2001). The vast array of substance abuse treatment programs available has had no significant effect on the number of users that actually need treatment (Nationwide Trends, 2014). However, additional research suggests that once physically and/or mentally addicted relapse is inevitable and in most cases expected (Witkiewitz, 2007). Despite the numerous treatment programs available, addiction continues to dominate, having a negative societal impact claiming the lives of many of its victims every day (Reinberg, 2011). Addiction is prevalent everywhere, from the tabloids of celebrities, to television, to a close friend, or maybe even a relative. Addiction can come in many forms varying from gambling, to shopping, sleeping, working, and last but not least, drugs. For example, the following excerpt is from the disturbing Leaving Dirty Jersey: A Crystal Meth Memoir by James Salant: “I gave Doug the spoon and I tried to pull thirty units of water into the syringe. Doug hit me on the side of my head and said, ‘Your [sic]...
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...Stimulants are substances that will keep a person alert and active when they would otherwise be tired. Depressants do the opposite. They help someone calm down and relax. Both types of these drugs can be beneficial or detrimental, depending on how they are taken or on the dose. Caffeine is a stimulant and is the most widely used psychoactive drug in the world. It is used in many things, including: coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate, kola nuts, and some medicines. Caffeine can have many effects on the body's metabolism. It can also stimulate the central nervous system, which would make someone more alert and energetic. People tend to believe that the caffeine in what they are taking is actually beneficial, but that is not always the case. There...
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...a major concern of most Americans. There is speculation that this is due to a perceived association between drugs and crime (Inciardi, 1999). A good deal of the argument over government policy towards drugs centers on the least unhealthy and most socially accepted of the illegal drugs, marijuana. Marijuana, scientifically known as Tetra-hydro-cannabinol (THC), belongs to its own group among other legal and illegal drugs. It is neither a narcotic, such as heroin, nor a stimulant, such as caffeine or tobacco, nor a depressant, such as alcohol. The cannabis plant is thought to have grown originally in Asia, though it was also discovered upon the settling of North America. Its leaves, when smoked, instigate physiological reactions. When the active chemical in cannabis, THC, enters the bloodstream through the lungs and reaches the brain, it triggers the release of dopamine, a...
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...very well known are marijuana, meth, and ecstacy, these all have effects on your body that not a lot of people know about or consider when taking these drugs. The more that people know about side effects, the more they will think about the drugs they are taking before they take them. The main drug that also the most popular is marijuana, it has a lot of different side effects that not a lot of people consider at all before taking the drug. Like cigarettes, marijuana...
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...as for robusta bean have a stronger and more bitter flavor and higher caffeine content. Tea contains theophylline which is present in very small amounts in the tea. Theobromine is found in chocolate and its physiological actions are close to caffeine, but less potent to the central nervous system. Ending with a study about caffeine consumption and incidence with hip fractures among the elderly found that people who drink 2.5 to 3 cups of caffeinated coffee per day have a 69% greater risk of osteoporosis. Cons of Stimulants/Caffeine “If you are...
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...Name: Institution: Course: AMPHETAMINE USE AND ITS EFFECTS Stimulant use by humans has a very long history. The Ma-huang drug has been used by the Chinese natives for more than 5000 years (Ebadi, 2002). The active agent of Mu-huang was found to be ephedrine in 1887. First synthesis of Amphetamine proper was in 1887 as part of a program for manufacturing aliphatic amines. At first, investigations on amphetamine properties concentrated on peripheral effects and it was found that it was a sympathomimetic agent having bronchodilator properties. However, the effect on the central nervous system was not reported until 1933 which was followed closely by the first amphetamine abuse reports. Amphetamines give people a feeling of relief from fatigue and euphoria, it produces anorexia, improves performance of doing simple tasks and increases the activity levels (Ebadi, 2002). Amphetamine abuse is considered to be related primarily to the euphorigenic effects that lead to its use in high doses before the onset of the final stage which is compulsive abuse. The abuse of Amphetamines at present has been at low epidemic levels since the drug as introduced in the 1930s. During the beginning of the 1950s and 60s however, the epidemic appeared in the United States, Sweden and japan. A study of the epidemic reveals that there were several factors which contributed to its spread and these include; large population segments being introduced to the drug for recreational, medical and reduction of...
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...that love and care for them. Addicts need help, but will often deny they do. When an addict reaches out for help there are many programs that offer support and all usually start out with the twelve steps. Everyone agrees that addicts sometimes take drugs chiefly for pleasure and sometimes chiefly to escape withdrawal or other dysphoric states for example life stress. However, there are several major problems with hedonic/withdrawal theories as full explanations of drug addiction. (Robinson, T.E.,& Berridge, K.C.2003) When people start using drugs it usually results in three different stages. (Dr. Sack) The addict either starts by taking prescription drugs, participating in social drugs, or using drugs for self-medicating such as in the case of depression. When they go to the doctor for a pain, doctors will prescribe drugs to make their body feel better and the pain to go away. Many drug addicts get started through prescription drugs because they like the feeling or because they abuse the drug and take more than they are prescribed to take. Often times it requires higher doses of the prescription drug to avoid the pain because the body will adjust to the levels. Their body then becomes immune to the drug and needs it so they do not have withdraws. Another avenue for falling into drug addiction could be...
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...One afternoon last August, at a hospital on the outskirts of Los Angeles, a former beauty queen named Emma Coronel gave birth to a pair of heiresses. The twins, who were delivered at 3:50 and 3:51, respectively, stand to inherit some share of a fortune that Forbes estimates is worth a billion dollars. Coronel’s husband, who was not present for the birth, is a legendary tycoon who overcame a penurious rural childhood to establish a wildly successful multinational business. If Coronel elected to leave the entry for “Father” on the birth certificates blank, it was not because of any dispute over patrimony. More likely, she was just skittish about the fact that her husband, Joaquín Guzmán, is the C.E.O. of Mexico’s Sinaloa cartel, a man the Treasury Department recently described as the world’s most powerful drug trafficker. Guzmán’s organization is responsible for as much as half of the illegal narcotics imported into the United States from Mexico each year; he may well be the most-wanted criminal in this post-Bin Laden world. But his bride is a U.S. citizen with no charges against her. So authorities could only watch as she bundled up her daughters and slipped back across the border to introduce them to their dad. Known as El Chapo for his short, stocky frame, Guzmán is 55, which in narco-years is about 150. He is a quasi-mythical figure in Mexico, the subject of countless ballads, who has outlived enemies and accomplices alike, defying...
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...District Court Reporter Torrey W. Aiken Park University Abstract I interviewed Linda Duvall. She is a Court Reporter for Hardin County District Court in Elizabethtown, Kentucky. During our interview we discussed what her job entailed in the past, present, and what she expects in the future of the current court system. We also go in-depth on the types of sentences, and the most popular crimes that are tried at court in Hardin County. “You can't handle the truth!” Introduction I could have interviewed a judge or an attorney, but I wanted to see the perspective from someone that is often over-looked in the courtroom. My interview with Linda Duvall covered her job responsibilities, the present court system, and what she thinks the future brings. We also discussed the changes in the types of most common crimes over the years and the process for sentencing offenders. Job Description Linda has been a Court Reporter for 14 years at the Hardin County District Court in Elizabethtown, Kentucky. A Court Reporter is responsible for creating an accurate record of all that occurs during a trail, using computer-aided transcription software. Accurate records are very important in the court room, especially the verbal comments made in the courtroom, including testimonies, objections, judge’s rulings, and judge’s instructions to the jury. She also issues the fine tickets after the judge has determined the type of misdemeanor the individual committed...
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...[pic] A Study on “Yaba”: The Killing Drug for youth Submitted by WWW.ASSIGNMENTPOINT.COM Drugs have come a long way from the “mothers' little helpers” that the Rolling Stones sang about. These days' street chemists have waged a war on the senses to try and find the recipe for the ultimate drug. While it would be easy to shrug that off as a problem of the west, the truth is that here in Bangladesh the world of drugs has found a shady little corner. Whether you choose to accept it or not, there is A major drug scene in Bangladesh now, and it's infecting the minds of today's youth, the people we like to call our future leaders. | | Farah (not her real name) is 18 years old and has been using drugs since the age of 14. Her story like many others started out with Marijuana. It was through the simple use of Marijuana that she opened the doors to a much wider use of drugs. After experimenting with drugs for a bit, she soon realised that she was addicted to heroin. She says it was purely accidental, and soon enough got over the addiction. Farah suffered from severe withdrawal but eventually when she kicked the habit she knew that she could never go back to it. But after hearing about a new drug called Yaba, she decided to try it. She started using it after she entered a circle of friends who were completely immersed into it. In her opinion that is not the only reason she started hard drugs again: “Everybody is doing it...
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...Anthropology Lecture 1 introduction Common Misconceptions with Drugs . The effect of a drug is caused solely by its pharmacological properties and effects. . Some drugs are instantly addictive . The gateway/ stepping stone theory - the use of 1 drug leads to the use of other more dangerous drugs What are drugs ? Krivanek's definition : Drugs are substances that are introduced into the body knowingly but not as food. Therefore illicit drugs, legal recreational drugs and legal but regulated pharmaceutical drugs that aren't recreational at all. - Whether if a drug is considered bad and is prohibited depends on the culture of the society in a particular period. What is culture ? The definition of culture = Through Roger keesing and Andrew Strathern's definition it is a system of shared ideas, rules and meanings that underlie and are expressed in the ways that human live. - This includes : law, beliefs, political economy, media and popular culture - this perceives ideas about what is normal and abnormal to society. " Culture is always changing and contested, not unified" Enthography as a method for studying drug use It is a process of observing, recoding and describing other peoples way of life through intimate participation the community being studied". - Participation observation, involving yourself in the life of the community , taking up the life of the other person, observing their actions, asking questions and learning what questions...
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...referred to, is a dangerous substance that has most recently become the subject of great attention due to the controversy over the safety of taking Ecstasy. Ecstasy is a dangerous drug that should never be taken under any circumstance. Ecstasy is in fact a synthetic methamphetamine derivative, also known as; Meth, Crystal, or Glass. MDMA has many street names which include: XTC, Go, Ecstasy, Disco Biscuit, Cristal, X, Adam, Bean, E, M, Molly, and Roll. Ecstasy is widely used at events as dance club or "rave" parties, but is not exclusive to those events. It has been used at house parties, and in school environments. A "rave" is a large event that features what has been commonly referred to as “Dance” music with lights and special effects played by D.J.s who specialize in this form of music. Raves are held in everything from night clubs to abandoned buildings to fields. Ecstasy was first synthesized in 1912 by a German company, possibly to be used as an appetite suppressant or a weight-loss drug. However, it was never marketed due to the unusual side effects of the drug. Ecstasy produces both stimulant and psychedelic effects, enabling those who take the drug to remain active for longer periods of time with less fatigue. This, in fact, is why Ecstasy is seen as a drug of choice at such events as dance raves, and other all-night activities. There is a strong misperception that use of Ecstasy is safe unless the drug is somehow tainted with some other illicit substance. In fact, Ecstasy...
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...United States federal courts and were located in each of the federal judicial districts. The act also established the United States Supreme Court and its justices. It wasn’t until 1912, that the district courts became exercised and became the new federal trial courts replacing the circuit courts as original jurisdiction. Circuit courts became known as federal court of appeals. They no longer have the right to try a case first, which is now the district courts role in the judicial system. With 13 circuit courts and 93 federal judicial districts the two courts make up most of the judicial system in our country. That’s why it is imperative that we know the differences and the similarities between each court. After observing both courts for about 5 or so hours, I really came to understanding how both worked. When you do field research such as court observation, there are so many different factors that come into play when you are observing. Some of the things that you might be observing is the overall atmosphere of the court room, the judge, other court room actors, cases or proceedings, defendants, and legal issues. What I chose to mainly observe was the...
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...CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES ON INTRAPARTUM AND IMMEDIATE POSTPARTUM CARE 2012 A collaboration of the Department of Health and the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society 1 The mention of specific product brands is not meant to suggest that they are endorsed or recommended by the Department of Health (DOH) and the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society (POGS) in preference to other products of a similar nature that are not mentioned. All reasonable precautions have been taken by DOH and POGS to ensure that the information contained in this publication is accurate. However, this guideline is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the guideline lies with the end user. In no event shall DOH and POGS be liable for damages arising from its use. 2 ii MESSAGE The primary aim of MDG 5 is to reduce by three quarters by between 1990 an 2015, the maternal mortality ratio,especially among less developed countries. The Philippines is among those with high maternal mortality rate (MMR). In 2006, our MMR was 162 deaths/100,000 live births, however, the Family Health Survey in 2011 showed that the MMR has increased to 221 deaths/100,000 live births. It is therefore important that we mobilize our efforts together to avert further deaths of our pregnant mothers. The Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society (Foundation), Inc. (POGS) stood up to the challenge of World...
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