...M14/3/ECONO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX 22145113 ECONOMICS STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Tuesday 6 May 2014 (morning) 1 hour 30 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Do are not permitted access to any calculator for this paper. You Section A: answer one question. Section B: answer one question. fully labelled diagrams and references to the text/data where appropriate. Use maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks]. The 2214-5113 9 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 M14/3/ECONO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX –2– SECTION A Answer one question from this section. 1. Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow. Japan in first trade gap since 1963 Japan’s current account surplus fell 85.5 in November 2011 from a year earlier to % 138.5 billion Japanese yen (Japan’s currency) ($1.80 billion), the Ministry of Finance said. In 2011, Japan recorded its first deficit in its balance of trade in goods since 1963. The appreciation of the Japanese yen against the dollar has reduced Japan’s current account surplus. The Japanese yen gained 8.5 % against the dollar in the 12 months since January 2011. The currency has acquired a new and unusual status as a safe haven, reinforced by the eurozone debt crisis since international investors are concerned about the single European currency. It is estimated that a 1 % gain in the Japanese yen could reduce...
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...i GOVERNMENT OF UGANDA Ministry of Health HEALTH SECTOR STRATEGIC PLAN III 2010/11-2014/15 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD BY MINISTER OF HEALTH .......................................................................................... IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................... V LIST OF ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................. VI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ IX 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 CONTEXT AND RATIONALE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE HSSP III ..................................................................... 1 1.2 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS FOR THE HSSP III ............................................................................................................ 1 2. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 SECTOR ORGANISATION, FUNCTION AND MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................... 2 2.1.1 The Ministry of Health and national level institutions .........................................................
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...A case study of a youthful population UGANDA Uganda’s age-sex structure: [pic] [pic] The reproductive behaviour of individual families influences the nations population as a whole and the impact of population size, growth and structure is felt in the level of welfare of individuals and the family. To a great extent what families do is determined by their income earning and knowledge, factors that are not necessarily completely in their control. The high fertility rate and youthful age structure in Uganda has resulted in the build up of a population momentum. Even if fertility were to drop drastically to replacement levels, the population of Uganda would still continue to grow for at least 40-50 years. This has far reaching implications for the development of the individual within the family and the nation as a whole, particularly considering its low level of development and technology. Socio-economic and environmental implications of Uganda’s Youthful Population Uganda’s youthful population has presented its government, economy and society with a number of problems and opportunities as summarised below: i) Family Welfare • health of mothers and children is adversely affected by high fertility; • early child-bearing has a number of socio-economic and health consequences • teenage pregnancies increases the number of young mothers who lack material resources to support their children – can affect the initial...
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...A case study of a youthful population UGANDA Table 1. Uganda’s age-sex structure: % of population male female 0-14 years – 51.08% 6,150,038 6,100,880 15-64 years – 46.78% 5,613,499 5,607,526 65 years and over – 2.14% 244,216 269,553 Table 1 shows that over 50% of Uganda’s population is under 15 years of age. The dependency ratio has increased significantly over the years from 100 in 1969 to 122 in 1995. This trend can be explained by i) a very high fertility rate (7.1 children per woman in 1991) and ii) a very low contraceptive prevalence rate – 16%. [pic] [pic] The reproductive behaviour of individual families influences the nations population as a whole and the impact of population size, growth and structure is felt in the level of welfare of individuals and the family. To a great extent what families do is determined by their income earning and knowledge, factors that are not necessarily completely in their control. The high fertility rate and youthful age structure in Uganda has resulted in the build up of a population momentum. Even if fertility were to drop drastically to replacement levels, the population of Uganda would still continue to grow for at least 40-50 years. This has far reaching implications for the development of the individual...
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...unanimous in purpose and resolve to develop Busoga. Just note that both Houston and Minneapolis made Twegaite truly international. (i) New Jersey Chapter At the May 21st – 25th , 2009 Twegaite second International Convention in Minneapolis, MN, the banquet speaker Betsy Waibi Zikusoka spoke of the history and purpose of Twegaite as a concept and an organization. She also highlighted some of the achievements the organization had scored in specific projects back in Busoga. “I shall try my best to give you the history of Twegaite” she said. “Twegaite came about as a result of a meeting that was held in Princeton Junction, one Sunday afternoon, in October 1998. We figured that as a group the idea of trying to give back to our community in Busoga and Uganda at large was not a bad one. It is a non-political group and the name Twegaite means, "Let's unite." Membership is open to anybody in the world who subscribes to our cause regardless of gender, ethnic background or religious belief”. According to Fred N. Alibatya, the current chairman of Twegaite Inc. - New Jersey, the organization was informally started in October 1998 by a group of Ugandans that included Betsy & Aggrey Zikusoka, Harriet & Dennis Mugwanya, Lydia & Alexander Zabassajja, Mary & Chris Bakwesegha, and Loy & Ten Tehnhwa, among...
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...Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action Bashir Jama and Abdi Zeila Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action Bashir Jama and Abdi Zeila World Agroforestry Centre LIMITED CIRCULATION Titles in the Working Paper Series aim to disseminate information on agroforestry research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. Other series from the World Agroforestry Centre are: Agroforestry Perspectives, Technical Manuals, and Occasional Papers. Correct Citation: Jama B and Zeila A. 2005. Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action. ICRAF Working Paper – no. 1. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre. Published by the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Eastern and Central Africa Regional Programme United Nations Avenue PO Box 30677 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 20 7224 000, via USA +1 650 833 6645 Fax: +254 20 7224 001, via USA +1 650 833 6646 Email: b.jama@cgiar.org Internet: www.worldagroforestry.org © World Agroforestry Centre 2005 ICRAF Working Paper no. 1 Photos: World Agroforestry Centre Staff Articles appearing in this publication may be quoted or reproduced without charge, provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and...
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...Government of Uganda MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL INDUSTRY & FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES RESOURCES ANNUAL REPORT 2010/2011 Final Draft i Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ............................................................................................... iv LIST OF ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................... v FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................. vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. 1 1. INTRODUCTIONp .................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Vision of DFR .................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Mandate of DFR ............................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Functions of DFR ............................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Legal Policy and Institutional Framework ....................................................................... 6 2. CAPTURE FISHERIES ........................................................................................................... 7 2...
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...BIOMASS ENERGY POLICY The Policy Vision for Biomass is: To transform traditional biomass energy to modern energy in order to use the available biomass resources sustainably The policy goal for Biomass is: To increase the modern use of biomass energy from 10% to 86% of total energy consumption in Uganda by the year 2020 Table of Contents BIOMASS POLICY 4 1.0 Introduction 4 1.1 Biomass 5 1.1.1 Biomass energy flows 6 1.1.1.1 Forestry 6 1.1.1.2 Agriculture 7 1.1.1.2 Agricultural residues 7 1.1.1.4 Live stock 8 1.1.2 Biogas through anaerobic digestion 10 1.1.3 Biofuels for Transport by fermentation 11 1.1.4 Direct combustion for generation of electricity 12 1.1.5 Pyrolysis 12 1.1.6 Gasification 13 1.1.7 Transesterification 13 1.2 Benefits of using biomass 13 1.3 Barriers to efficient use of Biomass 14 1.4 Advantages of Biomass Energy 15 2.0 THE POLICY VISION, GOAL, PRINCIPLES, OBJECTIVES, STRATEGIES AND TARGETS 17 2.1 The Policy Vision 17 2.2 The Policy Goal 17 2.3 The Key Policy Principles 17 2.4 The Policy Objectives 18 2.5 The Policy Strategies 19 2.5.1 Legal and Institutional Framework 19 2.5.2 Data Acquisition, Information Dissemination (Awareness) and Capacity Building, Monitoring and Evaluation 20 2.5.3 Financing and Fiscal Policy 20 2.5.4 Poverty Eradication, Equitable Distribution, Social Services and Gender 21 2.5.5 Research and Development...
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...BUSINESS CASE: ESTABLISHMENT and OPERATION of the FIRST RATING AGENCY in UGANDA by XYZ RATING AGENCY AND CONSULTANCY | A. | TABLE OF CONTENTS | | | | | | S/NO. | | DESCRIPTION | PAGE | | | | | 1.0 | | BUSINESS PROFILE | 2 | | 1.1 | Business Concept | 2 | | 1.2 | The Company | 3 | | 1.3 | Mission | 4 | | 1.4 | Keys to Success | 4 | | 1.5 | Rationale | 4 | | 1.6 | Position for Growth | 5 | | | | | 2.0 | | SERVICE DESCRIPTION | 7 | | 2.1 | Company Performance Rating Services | 7 | | 2.2 | Online Business Information | 9 | | 2.3 | Business Management Consulting | 9 | | | | | 3.0 | | MARKET ANALYSIS | 13 | | 3.1 | Business Services Sector | 13 | | 3.2 | Strengths | 13 | | 3.3 | Vulnerabilities | 14 | | 3.4 | Unexploited Opportunities | 15 | | 3.5 | Marketing | 15 | | | | | 4.0 | | MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE | 16 | | 4.1 | Organizational Structure | 16 | | 4.2 | Significance of the Structure | 17 | | | | | 5.0 | | INDUSTRY SOLUTIONS | 18 | 6.0 | | FINANCIAL ASPECTS | 19 | | 6.1 | Start-Up | 19 | | 6.2 | Income Streams | 19 | | | | | | | APPENDIX I: TARGET INDUSTRY SEGMENTS | 21 | 1.0 BUSINESS PROFILE 1.1 Business Concept XYZ Rating Agency and Consultancy is a start-up company performance rating agency and consulting firm that aims at playing a central and critical role in collecting and analyzing a variety of financial, operational, industry and market information...
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...Human Rights and the Millennium Development Goals in Practice: A review of country strategies and reporting UNITED NATIONS Human Rights and the Millennium Development Goals in Practice: A review of country strategies and reporting UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2010 Note The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. HR/PUB/10/1 © 2010 United Nations All worldwide rights reserved Credits Photographs: Goal 1: photo by Adam Rogers/UNCDF; Goal 2: © International Labour Organization/ G. Cabrera; Goal 3: photo by Adam Rogers/UNCDF; Goal 4: © UNICEF Armenia/2007/Igor Dashevskiy; Goal 5: © International Labour Organization/E. Gianotti; Goal 6: © World Lung Foundation/ Thierry Falise; Goal 7: © International Labour Organization/M. Crozet; Goal 8: © International Labour Organization/M. Crozet. About the publication This publication builds on a series of country and thematic background studies commissioned for the regional “Dialogues for Action: Human Rights and MDGs”, which took place in...
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...Introduction The Nile River is the longest river in the world, stretching approximately 6,700 km from its remote headwaters in eastern Africa to the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile and its tributaries flow through Eleven countries and the river basin drains over three million square kilometers (one tenth of Africa’s total land mass) and is home to more than 300 million people (many of them are among the world’s poorest). Because of its size and variety of climates and topographies, the Nile is one of the most complex river basins in the world. The Nile originates from its major source, Lake Victoria forming the White Nile that flows generally North through Uganda and into Sudan where it meets the Blue Nile at Khartoum, from the confluence of the White and Blue Nile, the Main Nile River flows northwards into Egypt and to the Mediterranean Sea. The Eastern Nile includes the countries of Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt, and encompasses the sub-basins of the Baro-Akobo-Sobat, the Blue Nile, the Tekezze-Settit-Atbara, portions of the White Nile in Sudan, and the Main Nile. All flows in the Nile are the result of rainfall upon the Ethiopian highlands and the Equatorial lakes region. While this rainfall is usually plentiful, it is not always consistent from year to year. The annual average rainfall over the entire Nile basin is approximately 600 mm, ranging from 1200-1600 mm at the headwater regions to near zero at the most northern part of the basin. The seasonal fluctuations of rainfall...
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...THE IMPACT OF RURAL BANKING ON RURAL FARMERS IN UGANDA. CASE STUDY OF KABALE DISTRICT. BY NAMARA MARTHA 10/U/15158/EVE 210006079 A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF STATISTICS AND APPLIED ECONOMICS FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF ACTUARIAL SCIENCE DEGREE OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY. TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents CHAPTER ONE 4 INTRODUCTION 4 1.0 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 4 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 4 1.3 THE AIM OF THE STUDY. 5 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 5 1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 5 1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 5 1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 6 1.8 ORGANIZATION OF STUDY 6 1.9 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 6 CHAPTER TWO 7 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE OF RURAL AND MICRO FINANCE INDUSTRY 7 2.2.0 RURAL AND COMMUNITY BANKS (RCBS) 9 2.2.1 SAVINGS & LOANS COMPANIES 10 2.3 NON-GOVERNMENTAL AND COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS 10 2.4 INFORMAL FINANCE 11 2.4.1 MONEYLENDERS 11 2.4.2 TRADERS 12 2.5 GOVERNMENT CREDIT PROGRAMS 12 2.5.1 INTEREST RATES 13 2.5.2 SECURITY 13 2.5.3 THE NEED FOR THE RURAL CREDIT...
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...November 2010 [pic] Contents Executive summary 5 1. Introduction 8 2. Value chain analysis 9 2.1. The general value chain concept 9 2.2. The value chain concept applied to fisheries and aquaculture 11 2.3. Conclusions about using the value chain analysis 14 3. The international seafood industry and Africa’s place in it 16 3.1. African seafood exports and imports 18 3.2. Main destinations 20 3.3. Imports 21 3.4. Value addition in Africa 21 4. Studies where value chain analysis has been used 22 4.1. Revenue distribution through the seafood value chain 23 4.2. Lake Victoria Nile perch fishery, Tanzania 25 4.3. Pelagic fishery in Morocco 32 4.4. Value addition opportunities in the Namibian seafood industry 38 4.5. Ugandan Nile perch quality management and certification 41 4.6. The Kenya capture fisheries value chain 45 4.7. Nigerian domestic catfish production 50 4.8. Gender analysis of aquaculture value chain in Nigeria and Vietnam 54 4.9. Private sector applications of value chain analysis 60 5. On-going value chain analysis studies 68 5.1. Value chain analysis of international fish trade and food security 68 5.2. Ghana: Value Chain and Cost Earnings Analysis 69 6. Example from Asia: Analysis of the fishery sector in Sri Lanka 70 6.1. Value chain summary 71 6.2. Production 71 6.3. Ownership and collective...
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...WP/04/01 Bank of Uganda Working Paper Recognising the Role of Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda Justine Nannyonjo and James Nsubuga _________________________________ Bank of Uganda 2 WP/04/01 BOU Working PAPER Research Department Recognising the Role of Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda By Justine Nannyonjo and James Nsubuga February 2004 Abstract This paper shows that micro finance is an important part of the growth strategy in Uganda and has in the recent years gained increasing recognition. This is evidenced by initiatives and strong commitment by government, donors and practitioners towards supporting micro finance activities in Uganda, and the rapid expansion of the micro finance industry. Integration of Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) into the formal financial system has been established, while measures have been taken to build capacity and enhance coordination in the micro finance industry, as well as expand the outreach of sustainable micro finance. The paper, however, identifies a number of challenges to the development of the micro finance industry: There is need to strengthen the capacity of MFIs to build their management information systems, and to rebuild infrastructure in underserved areas as well as strengthen capacity for identifying potential market structures, which could serve as the basis on which to build sustainable micro finance services. Other challenges include restoring peace in conflict areas and strengthening...
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...African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 2(7), pp. 287-295, July, 2007 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR ISSN 1991- 637X © 2007 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Locally produced fish feed: potentials for aquaculture development in subsaharan Africa U.U. Gabriel1, O. A Akinrotimi2, D. O. Bekibele2, D. N Onunkwo2 and P. E. Anyanwu3 Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environment, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. 2 African Regional Aquaculture Centre/Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B 5122, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. 3 Aquaculture Division, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 12729, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. Accepted 30 May, 2007 1 Aquaculture development and growth in Africa have been on low ebb despite the vast aquatic resources that abounds on the continent. Since the introduction of aquaculture to Africa, some decades ago, there have been a lot of innovations, technological advancement and progress in the areas of genetics, seed propagation, pond construction and farm management in general. Despite breakthroughs recorded in these areas most farmers in Africa still rely heavily on imported feed ingredients and fish feeds from European countries, which makes fish farming expensive as fish feed account for at least 60% of the total cost of production. This has contributed in no small measure to the slow pace at which...
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