...prohibition. -child welfare Child welfare was a reform that people didn’t see to clearly because they would leave their kids to do the work of a grown person. There were many problems with that parents would have very tired kids that have been working all day which cause them to miss school and other kid things. A few people and places that helped make this better were Lillian Wald on Henry street settlement in New York. The federal children’s boreal helped keep the children out of these sweat shops. -Prohibition Alcohol was a major part of woman getting beaten up by there husbands. The woman’s christen temperance union (wctu) were one of the main people to help stop the sell buy and producing of alcoholic beverages. Frances Willard was the head of the wctu from 1879 to 1898 which made the wctu force for temperance and for the rights of women -civil rights Many people were not allowed there rights such as being a girl and being able to work. African Americans fought for some of the same rights as white people such as ending poverty expanding child welfare. The national association of colored women was one of the largest organizations of African American women which were founded in 1896. By the 1916s the organization had more than 100,000 members and campaigned against poverty and segregation and, lynching. To conclude my presentation of one of the three most important reforms Id like to state that the prohibition reform was the worst one because people would get abused...
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...intelligent well educated athletes. There are just as many athletically talented academics. Either/Or 3. Any change in healthcare will lead to socialism; we don’t want to live in a socialist country, so we can’t reform health care in any way. To say that reforming healthcare would completely change how society operates is a giant leap. There can be healthcare reform without creating a socialist United States. Slippery Slope 4. All teenagers’ text while they drive, therefore we should raise the driving age to 21. To say all teenagers is an inaccurate generalization. To raise the driving age to 21 would solve the problem of teen texting while driving is not logical. Hasty Generalization 5. If we don’t all drive hybrid cars, the world will end in the next decade of environmental damage. There is no evidence to support a claim that the world will end in 10 years if we do not all switch to hybrid vehicles. The statement goes straight to the most dramatic result conceivable however unlikely it is. Slippery Slope 6. Senator Range has been seen entering a strip club; therefore his economic reforms are not plausible Though perhaps immoral to some, such action has no bearing on the ability of the Senator to create plausible economic reform. One of these actions is part of personal life, the other is an action specific to professional life. Red Herring 7. Everyone else is getting rid of TV therefore we should too. The only argument presented is...
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...influential ways to make a difference, and there truly is a way for everyone to express their feelings. There’s art, literature, videos, photography, giving each person a way to be artistically heard. Media gives an individual who may feel like a speck in the world, a bullhorn so they can be heard by millions. Media doesn’t just reach to the people who it was originally directed to, it can reach to many different groups of people and eventually the world, making it an empowering way for your opinion to be heard. It seems like whenever there is a political debate or the news is on, issues regarding schools are constantly brought up. School reform is something that our government is always trying to regulate, but are these politicians always the best qualified to make the decisions about schools? Students are never asked their opinions on the reforms and laws that are directly impacting their education and consequently their lives. Documentaries are frequently made regarding issues in schools, but they are from the point of view of people not directly involved in the issue, giving it an outside clear view on what the issue truly...
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...During the turn of the 19th century, Toronto became part of the industrialization and urbanization phase. With that came the migration of single women to the city, women who left their small towns in order to find paid jobs in the city of Toronto. These were young single women who broke free from the unpaid working women of the past, although their freedom to work came with a price. While these young working girls were trying to make into the world, many discouraged such notions of working in the city factories and shops due to the idea that these women would jepordize their shift into a housewife or motherhood. This idea was known as the girl problem, a delimma that needed to be dealt with because of the cross between exploiting women for cheap labor or creating women who would be healthy, respectable mothers someday. While these women worked to stay alive, they were given low wages, while men who worked were paid much higher. Their freedom as working women who spent their time working during the day and shopping and entertaining themselves was looked upon as suspicious. Due to suspicions of women working, the police developed a way of monitoring what women did in the public sphere. Also an oganizaiton known as YWCA became over-seerers of women, they began to deecide wh was a retspectable women or who was a deviant in society. Many of these women just wanted to have the same freedoms that a single man might have, they face discrimintation in the workplace and were serverly...
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...Maitri A Shah English 4/12/2016 Should immigration laws be reformed Promising freedom and opportunity, the United States attracts individuals to come to the USA. But the current immigration system in the united states is broken: families are isolated, immigration workers are exploited, people die trying to cross the border, and there is rampant discrimination. The government should be for reforming immigration laws because it keeps families together and creates rational process of citizenship for new Americans etc. The first reason why immigration should be reformed is economy benefits by immigration reforms. Immigration reform would increase U.S. GDP by at least 0.84 percent. According to the American immigration council, “This would translate into at least a $1.5 trillion cumulative increase in GDP over 10 years, which includes approximately $1.2 trillion in consumption and $256 billion in investment”. Second, immigration system can uphold children’s basic human rights and ensure access to critical public services, programs, and economic supports for children and their families. It can ensure that children receive legal representation before all immigration authorities and, for all unaccompanied children, the appointment of an independent child advocate from the moment of detention throughout the course of any immigration or other related court proceedings. The other reason is it keeps family together Under today’s broken immigration system, many...
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...Chances to adopt ADR in administrative disputes (Explaining on tax dispute instance) Chuluuntsetseg Ochirjantsan* (Member of Mongolian Bar Association, Senior teacher at Law school of NUM) I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Introduction The origin and development of ADR in Mongolia Concept and stages of administrative proceeding Necessity to adopt mediation procedure on Mongolian tax case and dispute Conclusion References Abstract Tax law covers a significant presence in administrative law sectors. Tax dispute and cases are part of the administrative law disputes and resolving tax dispute and cases through ADR is much peaceful mechanism. Despite the mediation procedure on tax cases and dispute is occupying great position in the national legal systems of countries, international level dispute resolution based on the principles of mutual trust is a flexible and effective method. Countries tend to implement mediation procedure on tax cases in accordance with their legal culture, consciousness level and characteristics of the population regardless of their legal family. Reconciliation and mediation on tax cases and dispute is system which settling cases by parties making dialogue to find mutual consent that can fit to the actual situation without getting restricted by a tight law regulation. Therefore the necessity to resolving tax cases through reconciliation and mediation is seen as a pressing problem in many countries. Key words: Reconciliation And...
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...and its member countries or of the beneficiary countries participating in the Sigma Programme. ALBANIA GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE LAW FRAMEWORK ASSESSMENT MAY 2008 Preface This report updates the assessment report prepared by SIGMA on the same topic in June 2006. We use the notion of general administrative law to denote those parts of administrative law that are applicable – fully or partially, primarily or supplementarily – to all administrative settings, public bodies, administrative activities and administrative relationships. In other words, general administrative law would be the part of administrative law that is not only applicable across the whole administration, but also contains principles and norms that give rise to special regulations or specific organisational functioning. Administrative law is the refined product of the pursuit in the course of history of the liberal goal to submit public powers to the law by ensuring that any action of the state is subject to the law or ruled by law. Modern democratic states derive their administrative law from their constitutions. The study of administrative law in a country cannot be dissociated from that of constitutional law. The general legal framework for the administration is nevertheless comprised, first and foremost, of administrative law. A first approximation of the definition of administrative law is that it is a part of national public law (in EU Member States it is also now a part of the supranational...
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...1. State the administrative agency which controls the regulation. Explain why this agency and your proposed regulation interests you (briefly). Will this proposed regulation affect you or the business in which you are working? If so, how? The subject of immigration is well known among students, workers, and employers, and in fact, to most everyone residing within the United States. For me, this topic is especially significant as I myself was once a foreign student who went through the immigration process. However, from the promulgation of the first immigration law in the 1950s, these laws have evolved and have affected all individuals in one way or another. In 2000, a proposal for immigration reform was brought to Congress due to the shortages of workers in the food industry (Robin, 2000). Immigration laws have changed several times since then. What is the relation between the 2000 and 2008 laws? In February 2008, the Department of Homeland Security proposed amendments to its immigration regulations. More specifically, The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and U.S. Customs and Border Protection presented a proposal affecting all H-2A nonimmigrant workers. Businesses in particular needed to understand what was changing and how it affected them and their employees. 2. Describe the proposal/change. The proposal offered various new regulations and limitations imposed on U.S. employers and H-2A nonimmigrant workers. Some of the proposed changes included the limitations...
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...relations. Laws also are put forth to have ethical standards in business, and expectations are supplied through these laws. Therefore, so that no one takes advantage of another individual, which in turn leads society to follow the rules and regulations. Classification of laws There are abundant kinds of laws these include; constitutional, administrative, and common law. The constitutional law exits in the state and federal level. Each state has its particular structure that maximum basis of law within the state’s limitations (Melvin, 2011). Administrative law is made by the government agencies with ordinances to local statute distributed by local legislature. Administrative law is the foundation of law that approves the implementation of power by the executive branch, and independent government agencies. Common law is based on similar facts from a previous case, and has particularly not distributed by the legislature. Congress passed the Whistleblower Protection Act in 1989 (Whitaker, 2007). Legislation intent was to increase security for the principles of federal employees, and to help abolish any improper doing within the government. Administrative Law Nursing home facilities are rated a five star quality rating, which they are essential to meet more than 180 regulatory standards. The ratings consist of resident protection from mental abuse, physical abuse, safe food preparation, and medication management. If the facility considers an error has...
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...examples! The complex governmental structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina (“BiH”) makes legal reform very difficult to achieve and hinders commercial transactions. Capital markets, corporate governance and concessions are generally regulated at the level of the country’s two “Entities,” whereas insolvency, secured transactions and telecommunication in the country are regulated through unified bodies of law at the national level. In some areas of commercial law, BiH legislation complies with international standards to a great extent. For example, the law on bankruptcy and insolvency has a score of “high compliance” with international standards. However, in practice the insolvency regime has weaknesses in delivering appropriate regulation of insolvency office holders. Similarly, the legal and regulatory framework for secured transactions is modern, but enforcement is slow and sensitive to obstruction due to the inability of courts to cope with demands. Areas of commercial law regulated at the Entity level, such as securities markets, corporate governance and concessions, receive a score of “medium compliance” with international standards . The poor quality of legislation is still a common problem. Major reasons for insufficient quality of legislation include: a fragmented governance system with multiple veto points; deficient law drafting capacity in ministries and administrative bodies; inadequate consultation with regulated communities; poor translations of European...
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...advisory service in partnership with BETTER REGULATION FOR GROWTH GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS AND TOOLS FOR EFFECTIVE REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY QUALITY AND COMPETITION POLICY INVESTMENT CLIMATE ADVISORY SERVICES WORLD BANK GROUP ©2010 The World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org All rights reserved Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. About the Investment Climate Advisory Services of the World Bank Group The Investment Climate Advisory Services (IC) of the World Bank Group helps governments implement reforms to improve their business environment, and encourage and retain investment, thus fostering competitive markets, growth and job...
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..._____________________________________________________________ Introduced by PUBLIC SERVICES LABOR INDEPENDENT CONFEDERATION (PSLINK), PHILIPPINE RURAL RECONSTRUCTION MOVEMENT (PRRM), NATIONAL UNION OF JOURNALISTS OF THE PHILIPPINES (NUJP), FOI YOUTH INITIATIVE (FYI), ALLIANCE OF PROGRESSIVE LABOR (APL), CAUCUS OF DEVELOPMENT NGO NETWORKS (CODE-NGO), SOCIAL WATCH PHILIPPINES, FOCUS ON THE GLOBAL SOUTH - PHILIPPINES, TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY NETWORK (TAN), PEACE WOMEN PARTNERS, PHILIPPINE AIRLINES EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION (PALEA), PRUDENTIALIFE WARRIORS PILIPINAS, FILIPINO MIGRANT WORKERS GROUP (FMWG), AKSYONG KABAYANIHAN PARA SA ORGANISADONG PAGBABAGO (ANGKOP), CENTER FOR MEDIA FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY (CMFR), ANG KAPATIRAN PARTY, ACTION FOR ECONOMIC REFORMS, PHILIPPINE CENTER FOR INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM (PCIJ), (COLLECTIVELY, THE "RIGHT TO KNOW. RIGHT NOW! COALITION") EXPLANATORY NOTE The people's right to information held by government is expressly recognized in no less than the Constitution. Article III (Bill of Rights), Sec. 7 of the 1987 Constitution states: The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law. Complementing the Bill of Rights provision...
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...or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-5222422; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. Additional copies of Doing Business 2012: Doing Business in a More Transparent World, Doing Business 2011: Making a Difference for Entrepreneurs, Doing Business 2010: Reforming through Difficult Times, Doing Business 2009, Doing Business 2008, Doing Business 2007: How to Reform, Doing Business in 2006:...
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...LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF LAW COURSE CODE: Law 443 COURSE TITLE: Administrative Law I 1 LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I Course Code: Course Title: Course Developer/Writer: Administrative Law I Law 443 Simeon Igbinedion, LL.B., LL.M., B.L., PH.D., Faculty of Law, University of Lagos. Professor Animi Awah Ifidon Oyakhiromen, LL.B, LLM, M.Phil, Ph.D, BL Course Editor: AG. Dean,/Programme Leader: Course Coordinator: Mr. Ayodeji ige, LLM, BL 2 LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ……………………………………………………………………….. 1 What You Will Learn in this Course …………………………………………….... 2 Course Aims ………………………………………………………………………. 3 Course Objectives ………………………………………………………………… 3 Study Units ……………………………………………………………………….. 3-4 Tutor-marked Assignment ……………………………………………………....... 4 References/Further Reading ……………………………………………...……. 4 3 LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I Introduction Consider a situation where your residential property in which you have lived for decades has been demolished by the authorities of the FCT, or the Lagos State Ministry of Environment for allegedly being located in an industrial area. Suppose some customs officers at a checkpoint found you in possession of items which they claim to be contraband and, therefore, seized pursuant to the new Customs policy of zero-tolerance of goods likely to endanger the economic growth or contribute to the...
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...policy decisions, another rule was that a reviewing court may not substitute it’s opinion for that of the administrative body, unless the official has acted mala fide or in bad faith. This is supported by case of Shidiack v Union Government , where it was held that, if the administrative organ has duly and honestly applied himself to the question which has been left to his discretion, it is impossible for the court of law either to make him change his mind or to substitute it’s conclusion for his own. It is true that for any government to function effectively, it must be bestowed with discretionary powers, discretionary powers involves the exercise of a choice between two or more options on the part of the decision maker. The exercise of these discretionary powers must be checked and controlled by other branches of government, but this was not the case in South Africa. In the past the only manner in which those powers could be controlled was common law basis, but as a result of a narrowly defined grounds of judicial review of government action and decisions, the system of Parliamentary supremacy allows the government to easily exclude the courts power of review via the so-called ouster clauses. The promulgation of the interim and the final constitution has brought about dramatic changes in the field of administrative law, specifically with regard to administrative actions. The changes brought by the interim constitution , with...
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