...In 1787, the framers signed the Constitution “in Order to form a more perfect Union” (US Const. Preamble). They intended to establish a central government without granting it too much power. To ensure that, the framers both, limited and empowered the government in certain ar- eas. But since the original seven articles of the Constitution are over 200 years old, the framers could not foresee the expansion of the government’s power that has happened until the present day. With the “war on terror” being one of the governments priorities, questions arise if the gov- ernment has become too powerful, especially with regard to practicing surveillance. This essay aims to analyse the limits and powers given to the government by the framers in the seven Arti- cles of the Constitution, and finally apply these Articles to the government’s practice of sur- veillance today. The most essential points limiting the government’s power is the separation of power and the system of checks and balances. The federal government itself consists of three branches, the legislative, executive, and judicial branch; in other words, Congress, the President, and the Supreme Court. The power is divided between these three branches in order to keep any of them from becoming too powerful. Thus, the framers intended to prevent a corruption of power and tyranny over the states by imposing controls on each branch. The legislative branch, for in- stance, is kept in check by the President, who has the power to veto...
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...explain what you think were the best reasons against ratification. • Would you have voted to ratify the Constitution as written in 1787? Explain your answer. • How were the disagreements over slavery solved at the Convention? • Do you think there were any other ways to resolve these disagreements about slavery? • What kinds of people were represented at the Philadelphia Convention? What people were not represented? • Why were the meetings of the Philadelphia Convention kept secret from the American people? Do you agree with this decision? • What basic ideas about our government are included in the Preamble to the Constitution? • Why were the framers so hesitant to give the president and the executive branch any powers? UNIT 4 PRACTICE Follow-up Questions for Congressional Hearing • Explain what a federal system is. • Explain some of the advantages and disadvantages of a federal system of government. Which responsibilities would you give to the federal government? Which responsibilities would you give to the...
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...people would accept was a Republic. Which was probably true given a direct democracy was associated with mob rule at the time. The second immovable limitation was that there were thirteen states with different agendas. Lastly, the framers were limited by many compromises which had to be made, in order to pass the constitution. The compromises are as follows, the framers failed to abolish slavery in the constitution. Women, African Americans, and Natives were all unable to vote when the constitution was passed. Senators would be chosen by state legislatures and would be numbered proportionate two per state. Lastly, the framers had powers limited in ways that prevented them from regulating the economy. The U.S. Constitution has remained since 1787 but the truth is, we have not been seriously exposed to consider any alternative...
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...• What were some of the basic ideas included in the Magna Carta? • Parliament won a struggle with the king in 1689, when the English Bill of Rights was adopted. Which parts of the English Bill of Rights do you think the Framers might have included in our Constitution? Explain. • Four ideas that were very important to the Framers were limited government, representative government, the balance of power, and separation of powers. Give examples of these ideas from English government. • Colonial governments illustrated English ideas of good government. Describe the similarities between the colonial governments and the English government? • For most of the colonial period, the colonists considered themselves to be loyal subjects of Great Britain. Why do you think they felt this way? What happened to change the feelings of many colonists? • What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence? • What is the purpose of government as described in the Declaration of Independence? How is this purpose similar to or different...
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...Formed George Washington Political Science 201 Professor X August 24, 2012 Introduction The Greatest Constitution and Democracy on earth, these are my heartfelt feelings concerning the country that I live in. Why do I feel this way, because of the freedoms that we naturally have as citizens of the United State. Freedoms that are sometimes ignorantly ignored by the average citizen instead of being cherished and utilized. U.S. citizens have rights thanks to the original Bill of Rights, for example the right to free speech and the right to bear arms. The framers of the U.S. Constitution which is the basic structure of the American system of government. The U.S. Constitution is a written constitution, "it is the world's oldest written constitution still in force, drawn up in 1787, ratified in 1788 and inaugurated in 1789" (Powell, 2015, p. 687). Our constitution was developed to be a working document, meaning the framers created a document that can be edited and corrected through the political processes put in place that merit changing or amending by using our three branches of government, the executive, legislative and judicial. The Constitution The U.S. Constitution has several strengths and weaknesses that definitely make for it to be the keystone of our political system and the pillar for democracies throughout the world. A major strength to our Constitution is that it makes for a strong Central government with checks and balances. The system of checks and balances and...
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...Monday 6pm April 15, 2013 The Costitution A.K.A the "supreme law of the land," Is the most important Developement in American Constitutional thinking to take place during 1776-1787. The constitution was concerned in developeing a new way of government. In 1776 a constitution was not in place, And simply calling a document a constitution did not make it legally distinct from any ordinary legislation. A constitution is the body of rules in accordance with which the powers of a government are distributed and excersised. How did the U.S. come to have writen the constitution? There are three Charters that influenced this. Firstly, the influene of the colonial charters. Secondly, was the church covenants, and Thirdly the influence of english precedent, these developed a habit of drawing up constitutional documents for purpose of placing limitations on the king or the government.(Hutchinsons,2) The general court later wrote a new constitution to replace the Royal Charters. The general Court agreed to a convention, Which purpose was only to write a constitution. After the writing of the constitution a Convention was then set up to allow the people of Massachussetts to overlook this set up a two part process, Framing and ratification by the people that the writers of Constitution followed. The preamble was revised up until the last days...
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...national survival. In fact, Presidents seize crisis in domestic and foreign affairs as the opportunity to expand executive power. This paper provides a brief history on powers in the Constitution, examines use of executive power in domestic and foreign affairs, and concludes with an argument on how the issue should be interpreted. Framers of the Constitution believed separation of powers and a system of checks and balances would keep one branch of government from having more power then the others. Noah Feldman (2006) writes “nothing is more basic to the operation of a constitutional government than the way it allocates power” (Our Presidential Era, para.2). Constitutional Framers created three separate branches of government independent of each other. According to Cornell University Law School (2012), the first three articles of the “Constitution outlines the branches of the U.S. Government, the powers that they contain and the limitations to which they must adhere” (Executive Power: An Overview, para.1). All branches of government, legislative, executive, and judiciary, outlined in the Constitution play a role in executive power. Framers of the Constitution believed Congress, the legislative branch, should be the first branch of government. Article I of the...
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...The Right to Keep and Bear Arms: A Right to Self-Defense Against Criminals and Despots by Robert Dowlut[*] If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. -- James Madison[1] INTRODUCTION A written constitution is a reminder that governments can be unreasonable and unjust. By guaranteeing that "[a] well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed," the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution provides the citizens a means of protection against the unjust excesses of government.[2] The Framers placed this guarantee in the Bill of Rights because they considered the right to keep and bear arms peculiarly important and also uniquely vulnerable to infringement. The Amendment's command protects individuals against even popular conceptions of the public good. In addition to this protection within the United States Constitution,[3] the constitutions of forty-three states guarantee the right to keep and bear arms.[4] Despite the constitutional authority for this right, legislators and judges have consistently attempted to devalue it. Methods such as giving misleading labels to select firearms like "assault weapons"[5] or "Saturday Night Specials"[6] have been used to justify incremental disarmament.[7] American jurisprudence has deliberately devalued the right...
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...declare wars, control imports and exports, and printing money is done by the federal government. On the other hand, state and federal governments share responsibilities such as taxation, business regulation, environmental protection, and civil rights. At the Constitutional Convention of 1788, the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists were undecided on which style of government would suit America best. They debated over the actual scope of national authority versus the protections of individual rights. While under the Unitary government arrangement, states retain the final authority, the Confederation gives all formal authority to the national government. Since both these experiments had not worked successfully due to obvious drawbacks, the framers selected Federalism as the system of government in America. Federalism provided the necessary autonomy to the central and the state government, while...
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...almost everyone in the country gained from the economic advantage that came with the evil institution. Some even believe that our constitution allowed slavery to go on due to these advantages. To combat this, the federal government enacted 3 compromises in order to slow the growth of slavery in America. These compromises were the 3/5th’s compromise, the foreign slave trade, and the ability to re-capture slaves who have crossed state borders (Fugitive Slave Clause). These compromises were the first steps to getting slaves rights; although it may seem that these compromises didn’t help slaves, it was the first time they were given rights across the country. The first compromise was the 3/5th’s compromise and was put into effect in 1787. Southerners looked for House of Representatives...
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...Mera Feygin POLSC 110, Section 4 First Exam, Question 1 Framing the Constitution The framers of the constitution wrote the document with a set of goals in mind. They sought to increase the power of the central government while simultaneously trying to separate and control and limit power. They also wanted to limit popular influence while allowing popular sovereignty. Through a long process of conventions, amendments, and later some ratifications, the framers mostly succeeded, and although changes have been made, the main ideas constructed in the constitution are used to this day. The ideas written in the constitution were greatly influenced by philosophers and enlightenment thinkers. Popular sovereignty, the principle that the government is run by the people through representatives that they elect and may later revoke, was first introduced by English philosopher John Locke, and influential political theorist. Sir Isaac Newton, an English physicist, introduced...
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...The Electoral College was fundamentally created for the support of the people when electing their preferred electee during the presidential election. However, as already evaluated, the Electoral College causes more disadvantages as it does create advantages. The few positive aspects compared to the negatives create a very powerful and chronic controversy argued upon the American people every four years. These disadvantages influences the author to agree more with those people who believe the Electoral College should be repealed. The author essentially believes that the effects of the Electoral College when expressing their inevitable civil rights of free speech is unfair. Similarly, the author believes the Electoral College goes against the “government run by the people” basis that the Founding Fathers of the United States of America strived...
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...- Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory Join Search Browse Saved Papers Home Page » Social Issues Rh Bill: an Insight Fom the Ignorant In: Social Issues Rh Bill: an Insight Fom the Ignorant Lola Toyang Reproductive Health Bill: Another Religion versus Science Encounter Disadvantage | Advantage | The disadvantage of the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines is the undue focus being given to reproductive health and population and development, when many more urgent and important health problems need to be addressed in the country, those that cause a significant number of deaths across the country such as cardiovascular diseases and infections. | The advantage of Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines is that hopes to provide midwives for skilled attendance to childbirth and emergency obstetric care, even in geographically isolated and depressed areas. Thus, the one of the causes of maternal mortality, that arising from unattended births, will be addressed. | Catholic Church teaches that married couples may take advantage of the natural cycles of the reproductive system and use their marriage precisely those times that are infertile (natural family planning); in which case the RH Bill provided otherwise. | The RH Bill can greatly alter the increasing percentage of victims of sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, Syphilis, Gonorrhea and more. | INSIGHT: It is not fair for me to make...
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...Habeas Corpus Melvin Gresham 30 March 2013 American National Government A writ of Habeas Corpus as the book definition has it is that of a writ (legal action) that requires a person under arrest to be brought to a judge or into a court for a hearing to basically determine they are guilty of alleged crimes or not. It is a right given to every American so they can know that they are being treated fairly and that they are being given a fair trial. I am going to discuss in my paper how habeas corpus has been taken in some cases and how I can both agree and disagree with those reasons. Habeas corpus emerged in the middle ages in England as an instrument of royal prerogative. The King of England wanted to know why any of his subjects were being detained and if they were being detained for lawful reasons or not. It was a further attempt at formalizing and streamlining the legal process that emerged as the English monarchy was trying to wrest power away from feudal lords and barons. In 1679, the right was secured in the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, which expanded it after several previous court cases that lessened its effect and availability (Halliday, 2010). The tradition as codified by this law travelled over the Atlantic and to the New World, where it became an integral part of American legal tradition as well. It was preserved both in Article One of the United States Constitution and in the Judiciary Act of 1789 (Wert, 2011). Habeas Corpus has been around for hundreds...
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...Lola Toyang Reproductive Health Bill: Another Religion versus Science Encounter Disadvantage | Advantage | The disadvantage of the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines is the undue focus being given to reproductive health and population and development, when many more urgent and important health problems need to be addressed in the country, those that cause a significant number of deaths across the country such as cardiovascular diseases and infections. | The advantage of Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines is that hopes to provide midwives for skilled attendance to childbirth and emergency obstetric care, even in geographically isolated and depressed areas. Thus, the one of the causes of maternal mortality, that arising from unattended births, will be addressed. | Catholic Church teaches that married couples may take advantage of the natural cycles of the reproductive system and use their marriage precisely those times that are infertile (natural family planning); in which case the RH Bill provided otherwise. | The RH Bill can greatly alter the increasing percentage of victims of sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, Syphilis, Gonorrhea and more. | INSIGHT: It is not fair for me to make a firm stand on the issue of institutionalizing the Reproductive Health Bill for the very fact that I, like most of us, have not read the entire provisions of the Bill. And I know for sure, that most of those who continuously blabber about the negativity of the...
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