...DETERMINING TARGET AUDIENCE After the opportunity analysis and competitive analysis the next step is to determine the target audience. Target markets are groups of individuals separated by distinguishable and noticeable characteristics . A company may have identified its target market, but selling its product may entail identifying even smaller, better defined target groups.A target audience and a target market can be formed of people of a certain age group, gender, or marital status. Target audience is specific group of people at which product is aimed at. Target audience determination is important part of the marketing strategy and has a direct impact on the advertising efforts . Examples * CVS Caremark's target market is women since they make up 80 percent of the pharmacy chain’s customers. CVS has marketed its stores to aid women who are constantly multitasking. They recently redesigned 1,200 of its 6,200 stores to appeal to women, including shorter wait times for prescriptions, wider and better-lit shopping aisles, and more beauty products. * If a company wants to sell a diet program for men with heart disease problem the communication may be aimed at the spouse who takes care of the nutrition plan of her husband and child. The companies often develop different marketing strategies for different consumer needs . the process by which they do this is known as target marketing . and it involve four basic steps . THE TARGET MARKETING PROCESS 1) IDENTIFYING MARKETS...
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...Research of Objective-C October 9, 2012 Introduction There is little doubt in today’s dynamic and fast moving technology market that Objective-C is a powerful, high-level, flexible programming language that has been around since the early 1980s and has the staying power to last a long time. Objective-C is an extension of the programming language C developed by Brad Cox and Tom Love to support the object oriented features of Smalltalk another programming language. Objective-C is the main language from which Apple’s MAC OS X for Desktops and laptops and iOS for iPhones and iPads are derived. There have been variants to this language as well, Objective-C++ and Objective-C 2.0 which proves the sustainability of this language. Due its portability, Objective-C has shown its flexibility and the ability to adapt to the ever changing and fast moving arena of mobile devices especially from Apple. What is Objective-C? Objective-C is a reflective programming language which aims to provide object orientated concepts and Smalltalk messaging to C. GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) provides a compiler for Objective-C, however due to the rich library support on OpenStep based operating systems (Mac OS X, IPhone, GNUstep) it is typically only used on these platforms. Objective-C is implemented as an augmentation to the C language. It is a superset of C which means that any Objective-C compiler can also compile C. To illustrate what Objective-C looks like as a language I will show you...
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...Techniques in Performance Appraisal Encourage Discussion Research studies show that employees are likely to feel more satisfied with their appraisal result if they have the chance to talk freely and discuss their performance. It is also more likely that such employees will be better able to meet future performance goals. Employees are also more likely to feel that the appraisal process is fair if they are given a chance to talk about their performance. This is especially so when they are permitted to challenge and appeal against their evaluation. Constructive Intention It is very important that employees recognize that negative appraisal feedback is provided with a constructive intention, i.e., to help them overcome present difficulties and to improve their future performance. Employees will be less anxious about criticism, and more likely to find it useful, when the belief is that the appraiser's intentions are helpful and constructive. In contrast, other studies have reported that "destructive criticism" - which is vague, ill- informed, unfair or harshly presented - will lead to problems such as anger, resentment, tension and workplace conflict, as well as increased resistance to improvement, denial of problems, and poorer performance. Set Performance Goals It has been shown in numerous studies that goal-setting is an important element in employee motivation. Goals can stimulate employee effort, focus attention, increase persistence, and encourage...
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...| Peter F. Drucker is the management scholar. He is thought to be the establishing father of current management. Peter Drucker, whose life crossed the previous century (1909 – 2005), was an exceedingly instructed native of the world: an innovative soul who composed thirty-nine books including numerous fantastic chips away at business management. He was a man of numerous parts: a sharp eyewitness, a long lasting understudy, an educator, mentor of eminent corporate pioneers, and the organizer of an official school in Claremont, California, that bears his name. Peter Ferdinand Drucker was an author, management advisor and college teacher. His written work concentrated on management related writing. Peter Drucker made well known the term information specialist and is thought to have unknowingly introduced the learning economy, which viably challenges Karl Marx's reality perspective of the political economy. George Orwell credits Peter Drucker as one of the main journalists to foresee the German-Soviet Pact of 1939. Much has been said and composed of his accomplishments, but then there is a lesser-known side to Peter Drucker; that other side is the subject of this paper. He was hesitant about his own reasoning of life. He additionally emphatically protested being known as a ‘management master’ – a sobriquet frequently attached to him. As opposed to being a supplier of answers, Drucker constantly remained an examiner: his showing strategy was Socratic. What mattered most was the...
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...Peter Drucker is generally regarded as the godfather of modern management. Drucker’s major contribution to management is not a single idea, but rather an entire body of work that has one massive advantage: virtually all of it is fundamentally right. The third question in “The Five Most Important Questions by Peter Drucker” is ‘What Does Your Customer Value?’ You cannot arrive at the right definition of results without significant input from your customers. (Drucker, 1998) What satisfies their needs, wants and aspirations is so complicated that it can only be answered by customers themselves. (Economy, 2013) There are no unfair customers, at least in terms of their own reality and situation. Customer needs are material and psychological well-being. Wants are when, where and how service is supplied. Aspirations are preferred long-term outcomes. What does the customer value, is the least often asked question yet it is most important to know. Providing value to the customers includes making products or delivering services that offer solutions to their problems. The better the solution is the more value that can be produced. (Kloeber, 2011) People are so convinced that they are doing the right things. Instead of asking ‘Does it deliver value to our customers?’ they ask, ‘Does it fit our rules?’ And that not only reduces performance but also destroys vision and dedication. Methods of understanding what customers value involve collecting or analyzing customer information, gathering...
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...1. Self-Managed/ Directed Team Self-directed work teams, also known as self-managing teams, represent a revolutionary approach to the way work is organized and performed. It is a group of people working together in their own ways toward a common goal which is defined outside the team for example - James River Corporation’s Kendallville Plant ALPHA team. They manufacture cardboard boxes as defined by executive leadership. Team does their own work scheduling, training, rewards and recognition, etc. Minnesota-based 3M is among an increasing number of companies that involve employees in the daily management of their business through work teams. These teams are empowered to take corrective actions to resolve day-to-day problems. They also have direct access to information that allows them to plan, control and improve their operations. In short, employees that comprise work teams manage themselves. At 3M, the movement toward self-managed or directed work teams has been driven more by initiative and need than by corporate directive. Now most of 3M's manufacturing facilities, while at different levels of empowerment and different degrees of involvement, employ a team-based approach. In 1994, 3M's new Brockville, Ontario, facility came on-line as the organization's first "greenfield" site. It was designed and built to operate with self-directed work teams. Many work groups in line divisions and staff groups are moving more and more into self-direction. 3M's commercial office...
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...Job Analysis Deborah Fischer-Hansen PSY/435 April 16, 2013 Deborah Hesselbein Job Analysis Job analysis refers to an approach for explaining a specific job and the tacks necessary to fulfill the requirements of the job. One of the main goals is to define the requirements and characteristics of a particular job. The job analysis needs to consider who, what, where, when, and how the job might relate to an individual. Many methods provide different types of information about the jobs and human attributes needed for jobs (Spector, 2012). There are two different categories of job analysis; they are job oriented and person oriented (Spector, 2012). Job oriented emphasizes the responsibilities needed for a job, whereas, person oriented concentrates on the individual particular characteristics needed for the job. The author will further discuss a job with Trinity Teen Solutions, specifically life coach for struggling teen girls and young women. Life Coach Job Analysis Life Coaching is a profession that compliments consulting, mentoring, therapy, and counseling. According to "What Is Life Coaching?" (2012), the coaching process addresses specific personal projects, business successes, general conditions and transitions in the client's personal life, relationships or profession by examining what is going on right now, discovering what your obstacles or challenges might be, and choosing a course of action to make your life be what you want it to be. The...
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...14882: 1998. The standard was amended by the 2003 This language is an essential part of the .NET framework, so developers who use Microsoft heavily will find it critical, according to Duqaine. 2. Java An object-oriented programming language developed in the late 1990s by James Gosling and colleagues at Sun Microsystems. This “beautiful” programming language is central for any non-Microsoft developer, i.e. any developer who focuses on the non-.NET experience. It is mostly derived from C and C++ but has a more basic object model. It ranked first on TIOBE’s list of most popular programming languages. 3. Objective-C This object-oriented programming language created first by Brad Cox and Tom Love at their company Stepstone in the early 1980s, adds Smalltalk-like messaging to the C programming language. This language is most used on the Apple iOS and Mac OS X. Objective-C is the principal language used for Apple's Cocoa API as well. 4. C++ is a general purpose multi-paradigm spanning compiled language that has both high-level and low-level languages’ features. It was started as an enhancement to the C programming language, Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. It is one of the most popular programming languages, winning fourth place on the list, with application domains including systems software, application software, server and client applications, and entertainment software such as video games. The...
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...The Objective-C environment, a growing collection of tools and reusable components (Software-ICs) for large-scale production system-building is discussed. Its goal is to make it possible for its users to build software systems in the way that hardware engineers build theirs, by reusing Software-ICs supplied by a marketplace in generic components rather than by building everything from scratch. The environment is based on conventional technology (C and Unix-style operating systems), which it includes and extends. The extensions presently include a complied and an interpreted implementation of Objective-C (an object-oriented programming language based on C) and several libraries of reusable components (ICpaks). Smartphones provide applications that are increasingly similar to those of interactive desktop programs, providing rich graphics and animations. To simplify the creation of these interactive applications, mobile operating systems employ highlevel object-oriented programming languages and shared libraries to manipulate the device's peripherals and provide common userinterface frameworks. The presence of dynamic dispatch and polymorphism allows for robust and extensible application coding. Unfortunately, the presence of dynamic dispatch also introduces significant overheads during method calls, which directly impact execution time. Furthermore, since these applications rely heavily on shared libraries and helper routines, the quantity of these method calls is higher than...
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...Pre-Employment Skills Testing and the Law Karen VanKampen April 2009 Table of Contents |Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………. | | |The Laws That Apply to Pre-Employment Skills Testing………………………………….. | | |The Benefits in Pre-Employment Skills Testing……………………………………………. | | |The Controversy / Risk in Pre-Employment Skills Testing………………………………… | | |Cases / Examples…………………………………………………………………………… | | |Recommendations………………………………………………………………………….. | | |Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………….. | | Introduction When seeking the best candidates for open job positions, employers (private and public sector) use a variety of legal means to screen and select viable candidates. Many employers use tests to identify the most suitable candidate to perform the job. The types of tests used by employers may include skills tests, psychological tests, strength tests, medical tests, personality...
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...1. What is an IS steering committee? What are its major functions? Typically, who serves on such a committee? Why do these committees exits? An IS steering committee is a group that provides services for a project in an organization. For example some things an IS steering committee provides can be guidance, control, and assistance during a project. There are many functions of an IS steering committee. Some of those functions include but are not limited to resolving conflicts, monitoring the progress of a project, planning the project, and controlling the project. J.K. Choi, chief financial officer was the chair of that committee. These committees exist because they are where the final decisions are made, agendas are made, make sure all tasks for a project have been met, and they are the ones who make sure our organizations mission statement is met. 2. Where do ideas for new information systems originate in organizations? Ideas for new information systems originate in committee meetings. The committee must assess the needs of the organization, and determine what will be able to satisfy their needs best. Only then can they decide what system, computers, or databases that will work for their needs. 3. What criteria are typically used to determine which new information systems projects to develop? What arguments might Bob Petroski make for developing the proposed customer loyalty customer loyalty system? Criteria typically used to determine which new information systems projects...
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...Performance Management Byron S. Salter HRM/531 April 26, 2015 Dr. Deborah Burgess TO: Traci Goldman, Manager, Atwood and Allen Consulting FROM: Byron S. Salter DATE: April 26, 2015 SUBJECT: Performance Management Hello Traci, I am delegated with the duty of developing a performance management plan, using the current organizational strategy to increase performance and identify performance gaps. Landslide Limousine is anticipating to have a -$50,000 revenue for the first year and expecting revenue growth of 5% each year. With 25 employees, Mr. Stonefield is estimating a 10% turnover rate annually for the business. It is essential to develop a performance plan to maximize performance and minimum the turnover rate. To develop a strategic performance plan, I will expound on the alignment of the performance management framework to the organizational business strategy and the organizational performance philosophy. I will also complete a job analysis process to identify the skills needed for the employees and define the methods for measuring the employee’s skills. Additionally, the performance management plan will include a process for addressing skill gaps and develop the approach for delivering effective performance feedback. Performance Management Framework to the Organizational Strategy According to Cascio (2013), “[p]erformance management requires willingness and a commitment to focus on improving performance at the level of the individual or team every day” (p...
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...g?blogID=5649485182751853952#editor/target=post;postID=821891962334217847 LO2 Understand issues of large-scale food production Production: project design and management; product quality and saleability Packaging: role of packaging in demand and acceptance; technological developments; materials; environmental issues; distribution channels Equipment: appliances and their versatility; new equipment requirements; staff training; operating procedures Technology systems: types eg testing and evaluation equipment, analysis software and hardware, temperature controls and recording, storage monitoring, stock rotation systems LO3 Be able to investigate food quality using subjective and objective tests Subjective tests: tests eg taste, colour, texture, smell, flavour, overall acceptability. Objective tests: physical; chemical; microbiological and organoleptic techniques LO4 Understand responses of customers to new products Evaluation techniques: market research; questionnaires; focus groups; tasting panels; pilots; sampling; validity Process: identifying opportunity; selecting sample; establishing procedure; recording and analysing results UNIT 30: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN FOOD Learning outcomes...
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...Study Skills Article Topics: Learning, Reading, Skill Development, Instruction, Advocacy, Article types: General Information, Classroom Supports, Submitted By: Greg Gay View Submitter's Profile (greg) 1. Learning to Listen 2. Note Taking o Lectures notes o Text book notes o Suggestion for better outlines o Knowledge Maps o Suggestions for better mapping 3. Test taking o Attitude o Preparation o Types of tests o Suggestions for Better Test Taking ________________________________________ Learning to Listen Listening is perhaps the most difficult learning skill to master. To be an effective listener means to forego thinking and passing judgement until a lecture or speech has been completed. To think while a speaker addresses an audience means that all of what is being said is not being comprehended. In both lecture and conversation there is nothing more annoying than a person who speaks when you want them to listen. Your mind can process information about four times as fast as the average person can speak, and it requires considerable concentration to match the speed of processing with the delivery of spoken words. It also means being able to read between the lines, interpreting emotion, intonation, and body language along with that which is heard, anticipating what will be said next and what has been said in your own words. Psychologists studying the process of listening have found that a very small percentage of people recall even 50% of what they have...
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...unconscious thoughts, motives, conflicts, and feelings. This is something that may have developed or started in the early years of childhood dealing with repressed problems. To come to an assessment of the psychodynamic personality and projective tests, interviews are made personally. “This is a drive towards personal growth and higher levels of functioning” (Morris & Maisto, 2002). This is in regards to the humanistic views on the personality theories. Like the psychodynamic personality, objective tests and personal interviews are used to make this assessment. Cognitive-social learning theories deals with “past reinforcement and punishment, and by also seeing what happens to others,” as mentioned by Morris and Maisto, 2002. In the overlook of assessing social learning theories, the three main ways of going about this is to assess through personal interviews, observations, and objective tests. In discussing the test given by www.similarminds.com, this test to me was more of an objective test. The test consisted of a serious of questions that asked my own personal ratings of how I was and not what I thought I was. This was measured on a scale like a standardized test, which allows an interviewer to examine multiple subjects in a very short amount of time. This test can easily be inaccurate if the subject is not serious about their answers and does not answer true to face. The test can also be misunderstood and not read correctly causing the subject to answer...
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