The purpose and problem of the study were to determine the attitudes of non-professionals in affectionate touch provided by nurses, especially male nurses.
The literature review was to research how the patient was touched by nurses and its effect. Several terms were used such as protective, expressive, and instrumental touch. “Protective touch, as when a nurse moves a patient’s hand away from the ventilator tubing, prevents a potentially dangerous, even and isn’t often discussed in the literature” (Krautscheid & O’Lynn, 2011). “Expressive touch is usually applied to the arms, hands, shoulders, and knees, some patients report that they find this kind of touch physically comforting” (Krautscheid & O’Lynn, 2011). And, “Instrumental or necessary …show more content…
Within the sample, 12 were males and 12 were females. The samples were from an ROTC (Reserves Officers’ Training Corps) unit, a Catholic church and a Protestant church. “The sample was 83.3% white and ages ranged from 19 to 76 years” (Krautscheid & O’Lynn, 2011). The sample had a shortage of cultural aspects of the study. For example, “Patients who aren’t white Americans or who have recently immigrated to the United States may express stronger preferences about touch and nurses’ gender” (Krautscheid & O’Lynn, 2011). Furthermore, “Rashidi and Rajaram report on Muslim women immigrants from Asia and the religious restrictions on exposure of a woman’s body that practitioners should be aware of” (Krautscheid & O’Lynn, …show more content…
This type of sampling is used with small sample sizes in qualitative research and it offers assorted explanations about the attitudes of touch. The factors that were established is, if you can speak English, but if the samples were Nursing students or a prior nurse, this would not be included in the study. The adult samples were interviewed with opening questions not relating to gender, then as the interview went on, the question was more direct, such as, would the adult samples prefer to be touched by male nurses of female nurses, and most of the adults preferred to be touched by female nurses. The interview lasted about an hour to an hour and a half and it was recorded and transcribed. The interview was reliable and valid because, the researchers took notes during the sessions and significant points were summarized with the adult samples to make sure everything was