...Unit 1 Individual Project HCM620-1501D-01 American InterContinental University Online Raenecia Gordon April 12, 2015 How does the external environment (stakeholders, regulations, accrediting agencies, etc.) affect the policymaking process? The policymaking process is actions taken by the government, with the intentions to solved problems and improve the quality of life for the citizens. Policymaking at the federal level, public policies are enacted to regulate industry and business, to protect citizens at home and aboard, to aid state and city governments and people such as the poor through funding programs, and to encourage social goals. A policy established and carried out by the government goes through several stages from inception to conclusion. These are agenda building, implementation, evaluation, and termination (cliff notes). According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) stakeholders is define as persons or group that have vested interest in a clinical decision and the evidence that supports that decision. Stakeholders may be patients, caregivers, clinicians, researchers, advocacy groups, professional societies, businesses, policy makers or other, also each groups has a unique and valuable perspective. Consumers, patients, caregivers, and patient advocacy organization has a different perspective on stakeholders, to them it is vital to research answer the question of the importance to those experiencing situation that...
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...September 17, 2012 Healthcare has become a major issue within recent years. “In spite of its long history and common years the US healthcare system has a complex puzzle to many Americans” (Sultz and Young, 2010, pg XVII). Obama has tried recently to provide access to every individuals they can have some kind of medical care. His new healthcare bill says that everyone has to have medical insurance. This was done because so many Americans are without health care coverage. Now that is mandated we have healthcare coverage what our options? One of the major concerns that we face and always have faced is the quality of care we received. Anyone deserves quality out of the healthcare system. Fortunately there are ways to measure healthcare quality. These tools are mostly used by the professionals. Some questions that will be answered here are how does the quality of healthcare in the United States compared to the quality of care and other industrialized nations; how can an acceptable quality of healthcare be assured for all; will providing data in areas such as patient outcomes, compliance with national standards for preventive and chronic care, and comparative cost to the public be an acceptable measure of healthcare delivery outcomes; the physicians believe that only physicians could and should judge the quality of medical care, they found participation in such hospital peer review activities and most disagreeable obligation, so what were the problems with the process, and how does medical...
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...relationships, a sense of purpose in life, and resilience to stress, trauma, and change. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as physical, mental, and social well-being (WHO &UNICEF, 1978). The Determinants of Health There are a many factors that determine what health an certain area is within a society. Thus a society would know what health polices to enforce when certain determinants are recognize. So, below there will be a brief elaboration on some influential factors. Social Environment It’s evident that extreme stress or burn out can caused a person to become unhealthy. It’s apparent that some stress is natural and necessary such as a women giving birth, she has to experience some level of stress during the delivery process. Another example could be a person suffering from depression thus she or he also, will deal with pain or exhaustion .The depression could be caused by a social issues such as poverty or non- active social life. Are there available resources in his or her social environment? Is it a matter of lack of social support and social interactions? One example that could lead to this stress is working...
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...1) Distinguish the marketing approach that a health care marketer would take to handle products and services to a marketer of consumer goods. An approach to marketing is important to know and analyze the different views that marketers have about the future. This vision of the future will strongly condition the entire strategic planning of marketing for healthcare. In order to continue to thrive, companies must acquire and keep customers. As a result, marketing and sales has become an area of increasing focus for companies of all sizes. Marketers create an effective marketing strategy is based on a five-step process: 1: Understanding the market climate and marketing strengths and weaknesses 2: Developing a marketing strategy 3: Building a marketing plan 4: Implementing the plan 5: Monitoring the success of the plan (Burgemeister, 2003). A solid marketing strategy provides a roadmap to creating and delivering true value to distinct groups of customers. All successful marketing strategies must begin and end with the customer, they cannot be an afterthought or taken as a given, so marketers must test their assumptions about their customers constantly. These are the thing that goes into a marketing strategy. A cohesive combination of: Targeting—to whom are you going to market your products and services? Positioning—how are you going to differentiate yourself from competitors? Product/Service Attributes—what attributes/features will the product/service have? Marketing Communications—how...
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...PRO Resolved: On balance, the Supreme Court decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission is undemocratic. We affirm. To better the round, we clarify the following: First, the definition of “election process” ELECTIONS are based on three organizing concepts: equal respect, free choice, and popular sovereignty are the building blocks of fair and just elections. The democratic process should treat all citizens as free and equal persons. As applied to the electoral process this requires that each citizen equal opportunity to have his or her vote equally counted. Contention 1: Super PACs decrease voter turnout Subpoint A: Voter turnout is a pre-requisite to the election process A flourishing democracy presupposes citizens who care, who are willing to take part, and who are capable of helping to shape the common agenda of a society. Participation through the act of voting, is always seen as an essential prerequisite of stable democracy. Subpoint B: Super PACs decrease voter turnout by 25% “Unlimited spending by supposedly independent super PACs is creating widespread perceptions of corruption and undermining public confidence that elected officials serve in the public interest, The perception that super PACs are corrupting government is making Americans disillusioned, and an alarming number say they are less likely to vote this year. Americans say they are less likely to vote because big donors to super PACs have so much more influence over elected officials...
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...1. A. What is the role of congress in the policy making process? Congress is the designated lawmaking body of the federal government. Policies (laws) pass through congress via a long process. A member of congress will introduce a bill which is then referred to committee(s) in the Senate and House. The committee refines, approves, and sends the bill on to the Chamber of congress where it originated. The bill could also die in committee from lack of support. The House or Senate will vote on the bill and either approves it and sends it to the other chamber or it will die. The other chamber can approve, revise, or let the bill die. If both the House and Senate move a version of a bill forward, then a committee made up of both chambers come to agreement and send the bill back to the two chambers for a vote. The bill, if not approved, dies. If the chambers approve it, then it goes to the President to sign. If the President vetoes the bill, congress can override it if they have a two-thirds majority in both the House and in the Senate [ (Teitelbaum & Wilensky, 2007, pp. 13-18) ]. 1. B. What is the difference between mandatory and discretionary spending? “Mandatory spending programs are those where the federal government is obligated to provide funds for an expense” [ (Fay, 2008) ]. The allocation of this money is based on existing laws. Congress does not have to vote to approve spending the money each year, it will happen automatically. There are several examples of mandatory...
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...Budgetary Analysis Angel Lowe HCS/550 March 2, 2015 John Dean Budgetary Analysis Medicaid counts as one of the largest sources of public health insurance in the United States, and also in the whole world. It provides essential medical cover to vulnerable population within the United States. This population includes elderly individuals, expectant mothers, children, low income families and individuals with different physical disabilities and the disadvantaged in the American society. In 1965 President Johnson signed into law under the Social Security Act to improve the health care of the elderly with Medicare. Medicaid would provide improved health care for the poor, unwed mothers, children, and the disabled. The program involves a joint initiative between the states government and the federal government hence the two governments jointly fund the program and ensuring its success through putting up laws to guide its implementation. President Obama’s legacy will be protecting the health of the individual American. The health care policy rules, regulations, and legislations are the consequence of the policy procedure which involves legislators, all the decision-making branch leaders, and public also. The budget for Illinois starts when the Governor submits a bill each January to the House of Representatives. After the bill has been submitted by the Governor then the house is responsible for ways and means review then they budget and develop their own recommendations...
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...Canadian public administration in a capitalist world has changed dramatically from its beginnings many years ago. The expectations of public management and public managers in the new millennium are more diverse than ever before. Important issues such as regulatory reform, public sector budgeting, human resources management, strategic policymaking, ethics and corruption are taking a front line. The concepts of rational administration, accountability, planning, control, budgeting and financial management are major factors in the future of Canada and some believe privatization of the government’s delivery of services will improve these crucial aspects of government. Some public service organizations have already attempted to make privatization the major method of handling certain tasks such as building maintenance, methods of transportation and administrative work. A well managed public sector will ensure Canada functions at peak efficiency and this is the goal of the public service. This paper will discuss what may happen in public management within Canada in the future and why a global capitalist society is largely the basis for the transition we are seeing today. Globalization is a factor in the new millennium that must be included in almost any discussion concerning the future. At the click of a finger, a businessman making financial transactions in Toronto can transfer dollars to any country where he is doing business. Globalization has allowed for cheaper and faster transfers...
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...Describe the characteristics and signs of high-quality education in elementary school. Describe the U.S. No Child Left behind Act, and discuss the pros and cons of high- stakes testing. High quality education in elementary schools depends on different things, first the class size, a class of no larger than 18 is the perfect size so that each child can get the quality education that is needed. The physical setting of the class is also important such as an activity center, for reading, writing, games, working on computers and playing the child needs that perfect setting to learn. The curriculum is also important; it plays a part in helping the children achieve their academic standards and helps them to understand what they are learning. Daily activities is also important, it helps the children become independent while having small group with their class mates. Groups are put together based on the children’s learning needs. The children are evaluated regularly and given a progress report through written observations that help children and parents decide on how to improve in what areas that needs improvement. Seeking information on from parents on how they children are learning includes the parent’s view’s in evaluation and the teacher parent relationship , such as holding conferences to encourage parents and encouraging parents to visit the classroom anytime and become involved. The attitude of the staff is very important, when you walk into a school...
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...Health Campaign Part 1 Lisa Moran University of Phoenix HCS/535 Dr. Michelle Ross July 13, 2015 Health Campaign Part 1 Health Campaign- Part One In the United States obesity has become a chronic condition over the years, and has grown in epidemic proportions. Defining obesity as the weight of the body which is excessive to healthy people and is the greatest public health challenge currently in the United States. The World Health Organization has stated that 2.8 million adults will die due to obesity in the world (World Health Organization, 2012). This paper will discuss the resourcefulness of Healthy People 2020 to fight obesity, discuss federal, state, and local agencies assigned with managing this problem, will discuss simulations to determine and analyze obesity, define the community, and describe the epidemiologic surveillance systems and tool for monitoring obesity. Obesity in America In the United States obesity amounts have accelerated to levels greater than before. In the United States one-third of all adults are categorized as overweight (Center of Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). The initiatives started in 2000 and were restructured in 2010 and 2020. Healthy People 2000 was established in 1990 by the Department of Human and Health Services as an approach to develop healthy Americans (Center of Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). The priority areas recognized were physical fitness and nutrition. Objectives for Healthy People was republished...
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...communitybased nurses in health promotion Dean Whitehead Dean Whitehead is Lecturer, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, University of Hull, East Riding Campus, Hull art of the ongoing process of National Health Service (NHS) reforms involves bringing about fundamental change in the way that primary health care is delivered in the UK (Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS), 1987; Department of Health (DoH), 1989a, 1996; Standing Nursing and Midwifery Advisory Committee (SNMAC), 1995). A considerable amount of discursive and legislative documentation has accompanied these reforms, which served to provide a ‘springboard’ for debate on current and future directions of health-related policy (DoH, 1989b, 1993a,b, 1997, 1998). There has also been a concerted and longstanding request for community nurses to adopt and incorporate both health promotion and educational activities into their workload. In the late 1980s, in its document Promoting Better Health: the Government’s Programme for P ABSTRACT It is the responsibility of all nurses to incorporate health promotional and health educational activities into their professional roles. Much of the literature around this issue relates to the specific role of community-based nurses in the primary healthcare team, and identifies their unique position and responsibility for pioneering the universal acceptance and adoption of health-promoting practices. Community-based nurses are in a good position...
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...Age Related Healthcare Discrimination (Ageism) in Healthcare Student Name Professor Name DHA-865 July 14, 2013 | Age Related Healthcare Discrimination (Ageism) in Healthcare While the “Greatest Generation” is a title often given to those Americans who lived and died during the era of the Great Depression and World War II, their offspring, the “Baby Boom” generation, significantly shaped and improved the American landscape as well if for no greater reason than the sheer number of people who make up this population (Steinhorn, 2006). Today, based predominantly on that very same reason, the baby boomer population is now making a very different, yet equally as profound impact on American society. More specifically, this impact is being made on the healthcare system of the US, and the discriminatory practice of “ageism” that older patients currently face. The purpose of this paper is to explore, analyze, and evaluate both the practice of age discrimination in healthcare and the federal policy issues and efforts that are involved with it. The work begins by providing background information on the current demographics of the aging American population and forecasts for the impact this will likely have on the healthcare industry in the near future. It then transitions into a discussion on what ageism is, where its historical roots come from, and where it fits into the federal Fair Labor Act. A review of the literature is then presented, documenting the discrimination...
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...GOVERNMENT “My Administration is committed to creating an unprecedented level of openness in government. We will work together to ensure the public trust and establish a system of transparency, public participation, and collaboration. Openness will strengthen our democracy and promote efficiency and effectiveness in government.” —President Barack Obama, January 21, 2009 TRANSPARENCY. PARTICIPATION. COLLABORATION. Table of Contents Let the Sun Shine In : Welcoming a New Era of Open Government Creating an Open Government in Practice The Open Government Directive: Hardwiring Accountability Open Government: Committed to Changing How Things Work Appendices Appendix 1: The Open Government Initiative: The Unprecedented Consultation Process that Shaped the Open Government Directive Appendix 2: Cabinet Department Open Government Projects in Service of National Priorities Appendix 3: Select Transparency Milestones Appendix 4: Select Participation Milestones Appendix 5: Select Collaboration Milestones 1 2 8 9 12 12 13 18 19 21 Let the Sun Shine In : Welcoming a New Era of Open Government For too long, the American people have experienced a culture of secrecy in Washington, where information is locked up, taxpayer dollars disappear without a trace, and lobbyists wield undue influence For Americans, business as usual in Washington has reinforced the belief that government benefits the special interests and the well connected at the expense of the American people But...
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...Shifts: The Future of Pensions and Healthcare in a Rapidly Ageing World Interim Report World Economic Forum, January 2008 The World Economic Forum would like to express special thanks to Mercer (Marsh & McLennan Companies) for its strong contribution to the Financing Demographic Shifts Initiative and the development of this document. In addition, the World Economic Forum would like to thank all active contributors from a broad range of Industry Partners, international organizations, leading academia and policymaking institutions for their ongoing support and guidance. All names of the members of the Advisory Board and Expert Group of this initiative will be included in the final scenarios report (to be published in the second half of 2008). The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Economic Forum. World Economic Forum 91-93 route de la Capite CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva Tel.: +41 (0)22 869 1212 Fax: +41 (0)22 786 2744 E-mail: contact@weforum.org www.weforum.org @ 2008 World Economic Forum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproducted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system. Contents Introduction Executive Summary Demographic Shifts Key Challenges for Pensions and Healthcare in Developed and Less Developed Countries Key Driving Forces Shaping the Future of Pensions and Healthcare Globally Some Key Insights from the...
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...FIFTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES First Regular Session ) ) ) '1~ JUN-6 P7:56 SENATE S. B. No.2865 RECEIVi~,!1 gy:-~_ (In substitution of SB 2378 and 2768, taking into consideration PSR 238) \;--- Prepared Jointly by the Committees on Health and Demography; Finance; and Youth, Women and Family Relations with Senators Defensor-Santiago, Lacson and (P.) Cayetano as authors AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A NATIONAL POLICY ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "The Reproductive Health Act of2011." SEC. 2. State Policies. - The State recognizes and guarantees the human rights of all persons including their right to equality and non-discrimination of these rights, the right to sustainable human development, the right to health which includes reproductive health, the right to education and information, and the right to choose and make decisions for themselves in accordance with their religious convictions, ethics, cultural beliefs, and the demands of responsible parenthood. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 The State shall comply with all its international obligations under various human rights instruments relative to reproductive health and women's empowerment including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights...
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