...The afterlife is really uncharted territory for me. The ideals that come with death and the afterlife were given to be at a young age were I didn't really question what heaven or hell was and which one I was going to. I had always assumed that because I wasn't the best catholic I would go to hell due to poor grades and falling asleep in church even when seated in the front pew. I think that because of the time that I was given these set ideals my life had just begun and I am not one who is particularly fond of thinking of the future. But now I am left with this confusing problem of deciding to believe if the afterlife even exists. I can't just believe in something because my 7th grade religion teacher told me to right? It's hard for me to wrap my mind around my supposedly set destiny of dying and then moving on to the afterlife....
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...This semester’s research topic revolved around the Menominee Native American Chief Oshkosh the Brave, who was appointed leader of the Menominees in 1827. It expanded to include his son Chief Neopit Oshkosh, appointed in 1871, and to his grandson Reginald who was unofficially named as chief in 1913 because I needed to understand the differences in how white Americans remember and revere these individuals compared to how Menominee historians remember them but ended up finding more differences in how different white scholars remember them. Consequently, my historiographical paper is on Reginald Oshkosh (which I believe I will focus on for my Fellowship research), but I foresee my Capstone project needing to be narrowed to only include Chief...
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...Death in Its Many Forms Abstract The many forms of death will examined and discussed in this paper. From the study of Thanatology which pertains to death and how it is feared by many people of all ages. Also involving the theorists who debated and studied on this topic. Along with that there are religious perceptions of death and how one’s soul will live in the afterlife or take the form of another being. It will also discuss how people grieve over a deceased loved one and how to cope with those feelings. At the same time, this paper will give examples of how people deal with death in the movie Remember Me. Death in Its Many Forms Death is often seen as sad event or even too scary to think about. The views and traditions of death are very different around the world. Some believe there is an afterlife while others believe in reincarnation. There also many ways to mourn or grieve over the loss of a loved one. Even though there are many different ways to look at death, there three that stand out the most; thanatology, religious views, and bereavement. Thanatology The word thanatology actually comes from the Greek word thanatos, meaning death (New World Encyclopedia Contributers). Thanatology is the actual study of death and dying of the social and emotional aspects itself. Also involving the experience of the deceased’s loved ones and how the deceased’s life was celebrated. Nonetheless, Thanatology isn’t sad but it is the acceptance of dying and reaffirmation of...
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...maeSome Implications of Belief in the Afterlife and the Allocation of Time to Spirituality∗ Constantino Hevia† University of Chicago September 2004 Abstract An otherwise standard model of intertemporal consumer choice is extended to incorporate the allocation of time to spiritual activities along the lines of the human capital literature. Several testable implications are analyzed. We study exogenous and endogenous changes in life expectancy, and we argue that the traditional value of life or willingness to pay formulas for reductions in risks to life have to be modified when we account for afterlife utility. The model is then extended to rationalize the existence of suicide bombings and to discuss the complementarity between religiosity and patience. Jews, Christians, and Muslims all profess belief in immortality, but the veneration paid to the first century of life is proof that they truly believe only in those hundred years, for they destine all the rest, throughout eternity, to rewarding or punishing what one did when alive. [J.L. BORGES, ”The immortal”.] COMMENTS WELCOME!. I’d like to thank Gary Becker for his encouragement and the very helpful comments. I also thank the participants of the workshop of Applications of Economics at the University of Chicago for their comments. † E-mail: chevia@uchicago.edu. ∗ 1 1 Introduction Since the seminal paper of Azzi and Ehrenberg [1975] (AE hereafter) there has been an increasing interest in the economics of religion...
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...example, human instinct, if there is a God or divine beings, great and detestable, and different ceremonies that are imperative to perform. This paper will take a gander at all the distinctive religions that we have concentrated on and directed through the semester, yet we will be looking at one particular classification and that is of the Afterlife in these religions. The one point that I discovered the most fascinating and illuminating is the way diverse religions handle the considered passing and if there is life after death. Religion all through history has tried to lighten this worry by clarifying what happens after death while also working it into the teachings of good, malevolence, mortality, and salvation. In spite of the fact that there is a wide assortment of convictions they can be contracted down to two focal conviction designs, the thought of resurrection or the thought of the individual heading off to an alternate other worldly plane, for example, the thought of Heaven and Hell. select one (1) category from the completed World View Chart. Provide a rationale for choosing this category. The category that I thought was most intriguing was the views of the afterlife. The reason this subject was selected was to better my understanding of how various religions followed unique practices to express their loyalty in the afterlife. Resurrection can be hard to understand especially for someone who is not a participant in a specified religion however it can vary from one religion...
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...Response Paper H. J. McCloskey Article Shawna Upchurch Liberty University Summer 2015 PHIL 201-D18 H.J. McCloskey had written an article called On Being an Atheist that was publish on February, 1968. In this article he speaks about if God is real. Even though we cannot see God in person does that mean he is not real? There are some that does not have a belief in God even those there is no proof stating there is not a God. This does not mean that one should not listen to others then they try to tell you that there is not a God. But the best thing to do is listen to them and see what proof that they can show to state as to why they think that way. Then there are some that believes that there is a God but does not believe in all that is said that he had done. McCloskey stated in page 62 that, “Philosopher colleagues attribute to much importance to the role of the proofs of the existence of God as a basis for religious belief, that most theists does not come to believe in God as a result of reflecting on the proofs, but come to religion as a result of other reasons and factors.” (McCloskey, 1968) McCloskey used three arguments to support his claims; these three arguments are cosmological argument, teleological argument, and Argument from design. McCloskey had went on speaking about the cosmological argument and about the universe. McCloskey was more into the idea of a big bang. This can be broken down into three ideas from Evans and Manis on their non-temporal form of cosmological...
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...Reform Judaism Tamara Rice Instructor: Eric Speir REL 212 March 11th, 2012 Background Over a month ago when I selected the topic of Judaism as the subject for my field research paper, I thought that the outcome would be cut and dry. I knew that Judaism served as the foundation for my own faith (Christianity) and that Jews honored the Sabbath from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday. I also had in my mind the imagery of the Star of David, the Torah scroll and the male rabbi in the synagogue donning a prayer shawl over his shoulders and a kippah on the crown of his head. I believed that I had the general concepts of the Jewish faith in my mind; I just needed to witness a virtual worship service and fill in some of the minor details while gathering some additional intelligence on some misconceptions. So I decided to go over to the Ustream for “Shir Hadash” and witness a Community Shabbat (Sabbath) Service (Ustream, 2011). What I discovered watching the 2.5 hour Shabbat service followed by some additional research gave me a rude awakening. The impression of Judaism that I’ve carried with me up to this point is what is known as Orthodox Judaism. The Jews that I’ve witnessed in tight-knit communities in places such as Brooklyn, New York and Oak Park, Michigan were towns filled with Orthodox Jews. In addition to Orthodox Judaism, there is also Conservative Judaism. Conservative Judaism reverences traditional Jewish practices in America, but...
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...Scientology vs. Islam For my term paper, I chose to compare two religions that most Americans are not familiar with the principles of: Islam and scientology. I will look into the differences that these religions present and examine different parts of their them. Over the course of this paper I’ll look at seven aspects of these religions, which include their origins and histories, size, their view on the purpose of life and the roles that humans play, their beliefs of on the afterlife, specific practices they take part in, and the texts from which their religion can be applied from. First of all, the origins and histories of these two religions differ greatly. Islam is considered to be the youngest of the seven great world religions, dating back to its creation in seventh-century Saudi Arabia. The prophet Muhammad introduced Islam in 610 AD after experiencing an “angelic visitation.” Muslims believe that Qu’ran, which is the holy book of Islam, were the preexistent and perfect words from Allah. Muhammad dictated the Qu’ran. Muhammad is loosely credited with the origin of Islam, although many Muslims believe that Islam existed way before Muhammad was even alive. And although Muhammad dictated the Qu’ran, the Qu’ran states that Muhammad was not the originator. The Qu’ran instead states that God wrote the Qu’ran, who in turn had the angel Gabriel dictate it to the prophet Muhammad (“Origin”). In contrast, the church of Scientology was formed just 55 years ago, in 1954. The...
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...literature that suggests a strong relationship between spirituality and medicine. With this information, healthcare providers must ensure that all aspects of the patient’s care inclusive of the body, mind and spirit are addressed. Healthcare personnel provide care to a culturally and religiously diverse people. Healthcare personnel must take this diversity into account. This paper will examine three less known faiths- Buddhist, Hindu, and Islam and compare them with Christianity and discuss their differences and commonalities. This paper will discuss the findings and the insight the author has gained through a series of interviews with the people of these three religions. Faith Diversity and the Healthcare Provider: Final Draft Introduction Patients’ emotional and spiritual needs are not disengaged from the patients’ physical and physiological needs but are considered an integral component of their recovery. There is evidence in medical literature that suggests a strong relationship between spirituality and medicine; a survey conducted shows ninety-five percent of Americans believe in God and research shows that forty percent of patients feel that physicians should discuss pertinent religious issues; however only eleven percent of physicians do (Anandarajah & Hight, 2001, p. 81). The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare (JCHAO) has acknowledged that patients “psychosocial, spiritual, and cultural values affect how they respond to their care” (Clark, Drain, &...
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...Kent Weeks, along with other Egyptologists, leads viewers into ancient temples and tombs—including the resting place of Pharaoh Ramesses II’s lost children—some recorded on film for the first time. Epic in scope, Egypt Beyond the Pyramids demonstrates that as archaeologists uncover more about the past, their discoveries yield more questions than answers. Curriculum Links Egypt Beyond the Pyramids is appropriate for middle and high school classes in world history, ancient history, and art history. National History Standards Egypt Beyond the Pyramids fulfills the following National Standards for History: Historical Thinking 1 (Chronological Thinking), 2 (Historical Comprehension), 3 (Historical Analysis and Interpretation), 4 (Historical Research Capabilities), World History, Era 2. EGYPT BEYOND THE PYRAMIDS THE HISTORY CHANNEL CLASSROOM PRESENTS EGYPT HOUR 1: MANSIONS OF THE SPIRITS Egypt Beyond the Pyramids: Mansions of the Spirits takes the viewer on an exploration of the magnificent temple of Karnak, home to the Egyptian god Amun; the wonderfully preserved temple of Seti I, dedicated to the cult of Osiris; and the colossal mortuary temples of Queen Hatshepsut and the Ramesseum. The New Kingdom temples originally functioned as the dwelling places of the ancient...
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...Contemporary Issues in Western Religions Nerkeda Bulter, Regina Edwards Lakisha Lewis Sinceria Lewis Religion/134 October 11, 2012 Stephanie Cripps Contemporary Issues in Western Religions This paper will reflect research on contemporary issues in Western Religions. The main objective is to elaborate on Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. The other key focus is to uncover the struggles within its historical and modern times. Islam is an interesting subject because it has plenty history surrounding Islamic cultures, and the contrast between Judaism, and Christianity. Nevertheless, revealing how time has change from than to now also captivate some attention. Exploring the foundation surrounding Islam such as Abraham, and the other forefathers is rewarding when searching the history of these three religions. Historical connections Islam and Judaism share connections starting very early in history with the patriarch Abraham. Abraham had two sons, Ishmael, and Isaac, who eventually went on to lead two different groups of people. Ishmael led the Arabs who later became known as the Muslims and Isaac led the Israelites who later became Jews. These two different groups of religions grew and traditions known today in modern religion. Each religion shares a monotheistic belief and has similar...
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...The key research question is as follows: “What psychological motivation causes females to become suicide bombers?” Differences in motivations have been noted between various categories of terrorists. It would thus be insightful to determine the psychological factors that lead to female suicide bombing. In the past, it was always assumed that suicide bombers are unemployed men who have been indoctrinated into believing that they will receive rewards for their attacks in the afterlife by living in paradise. Therefore, the predominant profile has been: male, young, economically deprived, and religiously extreme. However, women have altered this perception because their emergence signifies shifting motivations. One’s motivation is tied to one’s...
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...Abstract As heath care providers we need to keep mindful of the care we provide to several different religious traditions. It is up to the health care professional to respect and understand the ideals that affect our patients and their family members. In this paper we will compare the philosophies of three diverse faiths. The faiths chosen are Islam, Christian Science and Buddhism, and how they compare to Christianity. We will learn about basic beliefs, spiritual perspectives on healing, and the components of healing such as meditation, prayer and other rituals they follow. Furthermore, addressing the importance and perceptive of how to care for a patient with a different faith and cultural view. In the field of nursing we are in constant contact with patients of several different faiths. This requires an abundance of knowledge and acceptance towards multiple beliefs and religions. The philosophies of Christian Science, Buddhism and Islam compared to Christianity have significantly diverse beliefs surrounding health, illness, death and healing. From a spiritual perspective we will learn about each of these faiths. We will place focus on their beliefs on healing, meditation, rituals, prayer and their views on afterlife. We as healthcare providers need to know what is viewed with importance in their faith in order to treat the patient with respect and dignity. Buddhism is a religion based on the teaching and traditions of Siddhartha Gautama, who is also referred to as the...
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...intend to research is how the modern religion of Mormonism shows the same qualities as a large cult. When we were choosing topics in class, we had discussed about a paper that a student intended to write about that was very broad. Does religion cause war? When we had to simplify that topic I wrote down something along the lines of why modern Mormons go on religious missions today? At home I had researched the means of why Mormonism is the only religion that continues to spread its works around and so on. But in most of my research a lot of associations of cults and secret groups kept popping up on my screen. Looking into these articles and conspiracies, I found small relationships of Mormonism and cults like forms of practice. What I found that really took my attention was the tie of Mormonism and politics. Fascinating conspiracies of cult-like ideas root from the election of Mitt Romney and Barack Obama. The issue of religion itself is included into the constitution and has many controversial issues within. My topic of religion matters because it is a very sensitive word that takes on a lot of meaning. People dedicate their lives for faith and frown upon certain human interactions like love and controls it. I chose this because I do not understand religion and for some reason it is wrong to question it. My basic research question stems from Mormonism and cults. Other key words when researching are religion and politics and cult definitions. From all of my research that...
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...Compare and contrast essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece The ancient Egyptian and ancient Greek civilizations are two of the oldest known civilizations in our history. The Egyptian civilization, based in the eastern part of North Africa, is believed to have started around 3150 BC and continued till the end of the Pharaoh rule in 31 BC. The ancient Greek civilization is believed to have been in effect from 1100 BC till about 146 BC. Many similarities and differences existed between these two civilizations, as even though they co-existed during a certain timeframe (1150 BC to 146 BC), they were located in different geographical areas. Because of these differences in geography, both these civilizations were subjected to different kinds of exposure, which included contact with other civilization and cultural inheritance. In the political sphere, we find that the Egyptian civilization had stronger emphasis on central authority, while the Greeks had a more decentralized structure, where powers were distributed over the cities and the states as well. As far as art is concerned, we find that the Egyptians were more involved in creating great monumental and gaudy structures, while the Greeks were more involved in creating smaller, more literary pieces of art. One of the biggest reasons why these two civilizations had these differences is due to their geography. The Egyptians had easy access to large stones that they could bring in to their country and use them to erect such monumental...
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