...course of the previous two decades, growing admittance to medical care, rising excellence of care, and health developments in general have led to a extensive life distance and later revolt personal and career growth in the over 65 demographic assimilations. To a greater extent, seniors are effectivemaintain their jobs into their 70s and yet their 80s, and the feasibility of the labor force is not longer reliant on reviews of age. Simultaneously, arguments have been waged concerning the effectiveness of an aged personnel and the value of the elderly in the era of high technology. Aging emphasize the involvement of the aging or elder individual in social activities and engagement in society. The social conflict perspective criticizes these approaches because they don't take into account the effect of social structures, social stratification, and class on patterns of aging. Individuals from the upper classes have better health and vigor and less likely to be dependent in later years than are individuals from the lower classes. Affluent persons have greater or even better access to healthcare, consistent access to food and medication, and can afford to have the help they need for everyday activities than less affluent persons. Society has linked incidence of physical disease in older...
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...The term "solidarity" was developed by Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist, to describe a state of unity and cooperation among social groups, based on a shared desire for justice and equality (Szelenyi, 2009). The word is often used in a political context to refer to the effort to bring various groups with conflicting interests together to resolve their differences and support each other in achieving their goals (examples include the Solidarity Movement in Poland to support the civil rights of workers in the 1980s, or the International Solidarity Movement currently working to resolve conflicts in the Middle East). In political settings, solidarity movements attempt to bring groups together by emphasizing their shared interests, values, and experiences. Intergenerational solidarity functions in a similar way by establishing connections between older and younger adults in an effort to strengthen the bonds between them and resolve differences. In a family context, intergenerational solidarity can be used to explore the behavioral patterns that parents and children use to maintain connections over time (Harwood, 2007, p. 120). Intergenerational...
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...Adult Aging and Development 1.) One specific example of aging would be physical changes during adulthood such as outward appearance. Weight and body composition changes as a pattern over adulthood. It first starts to rise in our 30s and 40s and then levels out in the 50s and 60s but then it declines by the time you hit your 70s. The MIDUS (Midlife in the United States) graph shows the weight curve for men and women in figure 2.1 of our book on page 37. One specific research example that demonstrates this would be that weight and body composition can affect the person to not be able to exercise as needed which can cause the body to breakdown in muscle form and tissue. This can cause excessive weight gain which leads to other medically related problems. Over two thirds of the adults in the United Sates are overweight in their BMI range as per the BMI (Body Mass Index Table) on page 39. This affects the social or physiological aspect of adulthood by causing depression, less exercising, unhealthy eating and greater health risks such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, knee replacement surgery, cancer, fatigue and other health risks. An example would be the study that was done by the health and retirement survey of almost 8000 adults between ages 51 and 61years of age over a time of 4 years in which the results showed the effects of BMI on health related quality of life for aging adults. 2.) Functional Age means that the individual is physical able to perform desired tasks...
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...Activity 1. Factors influencing prenatal development? Drugs (street or over the counter) ‐ Alcohol ‐ Cigarettes ‐ Disease ‐ Poor nutrition ‐ Stressors ‐ Chemicals ‐ Almost anything can impact a developing fetus. Physical: Birth defects or congenital defects are present at birth. They result from heredity, environmental influences, or maternal illness. Such defects range from the very minor, such as a dark spot or birthmark that may appear anywhere on the body, to more serious conditions that may result in marked disfigurement, impaired functioning, or decreased lifespan. Chemical: Birth defects have a variety of causes. What causes birth defects and how to prevent them has been researched for years by the world's top scientists, particularly those involved in genetic testing and engineering. Birth defects, however, and their origins and cures, still seem to elude us. Mechanical : Thalidomide is perhaps the most notorious example of a drug that caused defects. It was brought on to the market without being tested on animal models, and it was specifically marketed for pregnant women. Congenital disorder, also known as congenital disease, birth defect or anomaly,[1] is a condition existing at or before birth regardless of cause. Of these diseases, those characterized by structural deformities are termed "congenital anomalies" and involve defects in a developing fetus. Birth defects vary widely in cause and symptoms. Any substance that causes birth defects is known as...
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...Written Assignment #3 1. Explain Erikson's psychosocial model and Levinson's theory as they relate to adulthood. What is successful aging? Erikson is a theorist who focused his work on the psychosocial development of individuals throughout their life. He found interest in social change, cultural diversity and psychological crises through life (Berger, 2008, p. 36). According to his model, Erikson believed that individuals go through eight specific stages of development that help one achieve their ego identity (Hooyman, N. R. & Kiyak, H. A., 2011). In each of these stages, an individual has a major task that is to be accomplished as well as a conflict that requires being resolved. Each of these conflicts is a foundation for the successive stages of this model; therefore, the outcome of the crisis presented infers how the individual will advance to the next stage. Erickson’s concept explained how during development individuals proceed through these various stages as they grow and become more capable of dealing with issues and relate with society overall. The stages of Erikson’s psychosocial model are as follows: Stage I is basic trust vs. mistrust. The goal of this stage is to establish a basic trust of the world via trust of parent(s). Stage II is autonomy vs. shame and doubt. Here the individual is to establish a sense of autonomy and self from the parent and to establish self-control vs. doubt of one’s abilities. Stage III is initiative vs. guilt. Individuals are...
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...Abstract The health care system is a complex part of the economy that emphasizes cost efficient methods of addressing the dynamic health needs of today’s population. The baby boomer generation is aging, and the cost of health care is at the forefront in the news. Case managers facilitate the process of navigating through the health care system to attain the proper treatment necessary for the patient, thus integrating a complex multidisciplinary health care system. Preparing new nurse case managers in this specialized field requires an advanced professional background based on education and experience. Keywords: case management, case manager, health care system The Growing Need for Case Managers The 65 years and older cohort in the United States will reach 20% of the population, reaching an estimated number of 80 million by the year 2050; while by the year 2020, a severe professional nursing shortage of two hundred and eight hundred thousand nurses is projected to occur. The discrepancy between the supply of nurses and the demand of health care services for an aging population is driving much emphasis on issues related to health care coverage, health promotion and prevention, and treatment of escalating chronic diseases that afflict this country, such as diabetes and dementia. The underlying message of this emphasis is the containment of health care cost, a burden patients will have to face when undertaking medical services, and revisions in...
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...economic globalization is the most important factor causing the plight of European welfare state. And analyse this factor from two aspects, political and economic. Politically, because of the higher social welfare spending, the common sense formed between different parties no longer exists. Conservatism still believes that well-developed welfare system is the foundation of a fair and decent society, while the liberal argues that the welfare system is the enemy of enterprise and economic development, they also advocate the cut of welfare spending. Though welfare-cutting policies have lots of benefits, it cannot get the support of citizens. So, in order to get votes, avoid dissatisfying people, the policies cannot be conducted and the conflicts between welfare and economic development cannot be solved. Economically, from the view of product and service globalization, it is likely to cause the social dumping. There is no advantage for western countries’ products to compete with cheaper products from oversea countries. Secondly, capital globalization will affect European countries’ tax sources. Big companies tend to invest in some places with lower tax around the world. The European countries have to attract investment by lower tax. Thirdly, the labor globalization directly influence the social redistribution. People come to developed European countries for jobs, so local people are at a...
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...And looking at how burnout affects particular populations and various aspects of life is essential as well. Given all of this information, the next step is to address ideas as to how burnout can be addressed. With the field of social work having such a high rate of turnover due in part to burn out, developing treatments and methods that can help prevent harm to employees and clients is important. At the practice level, it is necessary to develop structural mechanisms to support worker engagement at all levels. Policies and practices that may foster workers to burnout should be evaluated based on the impact on job performance of the employee, client outcomes, and business results. At the same time, it would be wise to develop ways to deal with the conflict of work-family at the organizational level. This could include encouraging workers to express their concerns and emotions and teaching coping skills as a way to increase engagement and deal with stress (Travis, Lizano, & Barak,...
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...Content Content 0 1. Introduction 1 2. History 1 3. Reason for the Large Scale of Immigration 3 4. Policy and Regulation 4 5. Problems 7 5.1. Illegal Immigration 7 5.2. Religious and Cultural Conflicts among Immigrants and Natives 9 5.3. Social Unrest 11 5.4. Affecting the Education System 12 6. Solutions 14 7. Concession 17 7.1. Alleviate the Pressure of Aging Problem in EU 17 7.2. Boost the economy in Europe 18 8. Conclusion 19 9. Bibliography 19 1. Introduction The issue of immigration has been the hot debated topic in the European Union for a long time. And there is obvious evidence that the upsurge of immigration into the Europe will not be calmed down within a short time. The European Union has developed its competences in the fields of policies and regulations regarding the immigration issue. But the problems still exist and more things need to be done for creating a better balance. The report will first quickly go over the history of human migration and reasons for the recent large scale of immigration into Europe will be analyzed. After, the policies and regulations implemented by nations of Europe and the European Union will be introduced before going deep into the problems brought up by immigration. Then some solutions as to how to settle the current problems will be provided and concessions will be made to maintain a balanced and objective knowledge of the influences of immigration. 2. History While there...
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...Running Head: ELDERLY LESBIANS AND BREAST CANCER 1 Elderly Lesbians and Breast Cancer California State University, Dominguez Hills School of Nursing MSN 533-08 Theoretical Aspects of Aging Running Head: ELDERLY LESBIANS AND BREAST CANCER 2 Elderly Lesbians and Breast Cancer Cancer health disparities have been documented in specific populations in the United States. Elderly lesbians are one such population, with factors related to lifestyle, socioeconomic status, healthcare practices, and access to services (Brown & Tracy, 2008). There is a pressing need for understanding of the health care disparities faced by elderly lesbians, so that the needs of this group can be adequately met. In the United States, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Several risk factors for breast cancer are at least partially modifiable, and are present more among the lesbian population than heterosexual women (Brown & Tracy, 2008). Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer among women worldwide, with rates significantly higher in developed nations. Over 80% of all female breast cancers occur among post-menopausal women. Breast cancer is not primarily found to be hereditary, but women who have the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes (which can be inherited) have a considerably higher breast cancer risk (Miller, 2012). Lesbian elders have particular well-being requirements, but often suffer from subpar care and reduced access to services. Fear of discrimination, low rates of health...
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...There are three categories of time that are fundamental to the life course theory. Individual time, historical time and generational time. Individual time is attributed to the number of years that an individual has lived. One assumption is that life stages such as childhood, adolescence, adulthood (early, middle and late), societal roles, family roles, freedoms, and influence are largely based on culturally shared interpretations. Historical time is attributed to environmental changes such as socioeconomic change, technological advancement, or international conflict. Generational time is attributed to generational groups such as “the lost generation”, “the greatest generation” or “ generation x”. Time can be interpreted as a sequential transition of events and influences that come into effect over a timespan. Transition is an adjustment within an array of related states in a socially explicit behavior. Transition typically associated with cultural formalities such as weddings, funerals or religious worship. Transitions are short term adjustments within a long term trajectory regarding developmental trends in establishments such as work, familial or educational. (Giele, J. 2009, p.10) Life course theory places much attention to the means in which transition are socially structured. Most importantly...
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...Developmental Stage Analysis The two clients that I have selected for my analysis are two year old Ben who is beginning the toilet training process. And my second client Jake who is forty- five years old and is feeling unappreciated, Jake has recently purchased a corvette after driving a truck for the last twenty years. Ben is going through the Preoperational stage. During this time, children start using language to explore and understand their worlds (rather than relying primarily on sensory and motor activities). In this stage, children ask questions and use symbolic thinking. They may, for example, use words and images to refer to concepts. This is a time for pretending and magical thinking. Children in this phase are somewhat limited by their egocentrism. They can only imagine the world around them from their own perspective. Ben is going through that “the world stops when I say so” phase right now. He expects everyone around him to stop and listen to what he is saying. If he gets the attention he desires, all is well; if not, a screaming fit may ensue. According to Piaget (1936/1952), children in this stage have not yet mastered operations (hence, it is called the preoperational stage), which are the logical reasoning processes that older children and adults use to understand the world. . Licht,D (2014) For example, these children have a difficult time understanding the reversibility of some actions or events. They may have trouble comprehending that ...
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...Respond Given Their Principles and Doctrines 7 The anti-aging therapies are raising controversies in science and religion 12 Conclusion 13 References 14 Abstract People figured out early on that living longer would be beneficial if they had the chance to do so. They would be able to spend more time with their friends and family, have more time in life to accomplish things they set out to do, and they could simply enjoy more of what life has to offer. This is a great mindset for anyone to have since life is a beautiful thing and worth living. With all of the advanced medical technology on this specific subject and the new findings that are constantly being done to prolong the human lifespan, we start to enter into the area of what is ethically right and wrong and wonder how much is too much? There are many different forms of medical treatment that can save someone’s life. This will vary from medicine to surgery and many things in between. Not everyone will agree on some of the techniques used, but most people understand why someone would want to save their life. Since people will try to save their own lives if they are dying, many scientists believe that there is no difference in trying to extend a life through medicine, or trying to create a life from another person through a cloning system. This is where the tables turn from helping mankind, to hurting what God has created for us. There are many conflicts between prolonging life and Christianity. Some people...
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...Alfred Prufrock is a lonely, awkward man, who struggles to relate to other people. In social situations, he is very nervous and constantly questions himself. This is because he is worried about how other people will view him. This internal scrutiny becomes clear when Profrock attempts to socialize while eating toast and tea: “Time for you and time for me,/And time yet for a hundred indecisions/And for a hundred visions and revisions,/Before the taking of a toast and tea.” For Prufrock it is quite clear that social events don’t come naturally, and cause him a great deal of discomfort and anxiety. His mind is constantly racing with doubts, and fears, which creates this devastating internal conflict. It is also important to note, that Prufrock...
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...lowers productivity and lowered emotional and physical health such as chronic headaches, fatigue, depression and malaise” 2, 6 III. Interpersonal conflicts within role sets A. “Problems and difficulties that arise within complementary role sets, such as wife-husband, parent-child, and worker-supervisor” 1, IV. Interrole conflict A. “Occurs when demands of two or more roles held by a person are incompatible and the demands cannot simultaneously be met.” 1 B. Employees face balancing demands of work and family responsibilities 3 V. Role Captivity A. “An individual is in an unwanted role and feels an obligation to do one thing but prefers to do something else.” 1 B. “ One is an unwilling incumbent of a role like housewives or retirees” 4 VI. Role Restructuring A. “Occurs in situations in which long-established patterns or expectations undergo considerable restructuring.” 1 B. “New expectations such as adult-child adjusting to the demands of caring for aging parents” 5 VII. Conclusion References: 1. Weiss, G.L., & Lonnquist, L.E. (2009). The Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness. 7th Ed. 2. Idris, M. (2011). Over Time Effects of Role Stress on Psychological Strain among Malaysian Public University Academics. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2 (9), 154-160....
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