... The actions that were taken and not taken from both parties (Iraqi troops, and allied forces) had a negative implication on the resources, and ecosystem of the Gulf. There were three reasons as to why the Gulf war came about. First, Iraq had long claimed that Kuwait was a part of its own country. This claim led to many confrontations and hostility between the two countries. Along with Saddam Hussein’s defeated invasion attempt of Iran, it can be argued that he sought to find a weaker foe in order to conquer which happened to be Kuwait. Second, rich deposits of crude oil had straddled the borders of the ill-defined desert area, and Iraq claimed that Kuwaiti oil riggers were illegally tapping this rich reserve that was claimed to be part of Iraqi fields. The Middle Eastern deserts make it so that border differences between local countries are hard to distinguish, thus leading to conflicts. Finally, the fallout of the First Persian Gulf War between Iraq and Iran had strained the relationship between Baghdad and Kuwait. Iraq at first invaded Iran by Saddam’s will, but the war lead to a bloody form of trench warfare, and Saddam’s army was soon held off and pushed back into Iraq. Many Arab countries including Kuwait supported Saddam’s attempts fearful that his defeat in the war will...
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...when Iraqi forces from Iran under the leadership of Saddam Hussein decided to attack the small state of Kuwait for oil because the country was well known for its supply of oil. EVentually Iraqi forces began to stumble into the border of Saudi Arabia. American troops were immediately sent there to help protect people from the attacks. Bush led the United Nations coalition deciding to give a deadline of June 15, 1991 to the...
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...The Effects of Alternative & Renewable Energy The Effects of Alternative & Renewable Energy The United States has massive dependency fossil fuels. Based on the US Department of Energy 2010 information, an incredible eighty five percent of the U.S total energy needs are directly related to the use of fossil fuels and seventy percent used for transportation needs. As stated by Lefton, R. & Weiss, D.J. the U.S accounts for three percent of the world’s population, however the U.S gulps down twenty three percent of the world’s oil. To satisfy its thirsty needs the U.S imports fifty seven percent of its oil needs. Fossil fuels come in three different forms, coal, oil and natural gas. This is a result of fossil remains of prehistoric plants and animals that have been in place for millions of years and trapped in sediments and rocks well below the earth surf. The leading exporting of crude oil are Canada, Mexico, ……..(Name top 5) Alternative/renewable energy are common “water cooler” conservation at work and dinner parties, they were also major discussions about alternative/renewable during the last presidential race. As we go about our everyday lives we constantly hear about the subject, from the evening news and our local to national print media. The increased use of alternative/renewable energy can ease the dependency on foreign oil from unstable counties and improve national security. Alternative/renewable would play a key in our efforts to also aid in reversing...
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...the free services that nature provides. This population growth is viewed as the fundamental cause of environmental decay. While it is an important source of development, it can also be devastating to the environment. (Variety 3). In many places throughout the world population is exceeding its means in which the environment cannot sustain a healthy habitat for all. The ratio of humans to resources is becoming unbalanced, thus causing the scarcity of nature before it can replenish itself. Take China for example, overpopulation has become a serious concern since the end of World War ll. An article by Riviera relays her experience in Beijing in 2013 during its worst pollutant pandemic since 1954. She describes, “The acrid smell of pollution permeated the air.” Another Article by Gioietta Kuo reveals a startling statistic from a study led by scientist Mathis Wackernagel that concluded “...it would take 1.5 earths to sustain our current consumption” (24). Poverty When people are poor and unable to obtain the proper means of dealing with the resources around them it can be destructive to the environment. Poor...
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...Natural Resources Fossil fuel is crude hydrocarbons like coal, fuel, oil, and natural gas which is created from the remains of dead plants and animals. Found in countries like Kuwait, Iraq, and Venezuela (that have low demand for the material) and larger countries like Western Europe and India (high demands). The organic materials of living things sink into the ground and form combustible geologic deposits which then turn into these fuel sources. This happens due to the heat exposure or pressure in the earth’s crust in a process that lasts hundreds to millions of years. Fossil fuel extraction is a tedious job, though less than it used to be. Instead of wildly picking an area where we think there might be fossil fuel we now have the technology to more accurately guess. People looking for the recourse will use geophones which receive reflected sound waves from an explosion that is also conducted by the people searching. Since sound waves travel through solids, liquids, and gases and different paces people are able to detect what is beneath them using this technology. Most of our sources are found in the ocean floor and thus we must drop the drill and container which will extract and hold them to the floor in that certain spot. A platform is then created on water allowing for the process to continue. After the oil is detected rotary drilling rigs are used to extract the oil or natural gas below the earth’s surface. The drill sinks into the earth while heated metal in the center...
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...WARS NATO After the WW II States of Western Europe and North America watched the expensive policy of the USSR. They found out that the Russian system, especially the dictatorship of the Communist Party, could become dangerous for independent democratic states. This threat stengthened with the events of years 1947-1949 (the putch in Czechoslovakia in February 1948, blockade of Berlin in April 1948). In March 1948 Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the UK signed the TREATY OF BRUSSELS. By this act they decided to build up a system of collective security defence. The negotiation about establishing the NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANISATION was started with the USA and Canada. The Five Brussels‘ states also invited Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Norway and Portugal to participate in these talks. On April 4, 1949 the TREATY OF WASHINGTON was signed and so the states founded the collective security system. In 1952 Greece and Turkey entered NATO. The Federal Republic of Germany joined in 1955, Spain in 1982. In July 1997 three Middle European states were appealed to enter. They were the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland and they entered in 1999. Since the foundation the main interest of NATO has been to ensure the security of the member states. In the Washington Treaty it is said that a military attack against one of the member states is against all of them. Nowadays NATO cooperates with many East and Middle European countries in the field of safety. NATO also participates...
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...reuse…………………………………………...…………………9 6.0 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………9 7.0 Recommendation…………………………………………………………………10 8.0 Bibliography……………………………………………………...………………11 1.0 Introduction Water is one of our most critical resources. However, as climate change warms the atmosphere and alters the hydrological cycle, around the world it is under threat (EPA, 2013). In addition, the high population and excessive development lead to the water consumption has a significant increase (Zhang, et al. 2010). As a result, a variety of countries are facing water shortage problem, which has became a global issue. This report will compare desalination and water reuse extraction as methods of water provision in Kuwait considering cost, environmental impact and sustainability. 2.0 Background Kuwait, which located in the Arab Gulf, is one of countries that have the lowest level in renewable fresh water (Al-Mudhaf, et al.), with 0.02 km3/yr (Gleick et al....
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...7: Iraq-Kuwait conflict Causes of conflict Factors: Economic problems, oil production and dispute over territoryEconomic problems: Iraq had previously fought a war with Iran, which drained its reserves. As aresult, Iraq’s economy was severely weakened. Iraq also had debts to other countries such as the USand France. For example, Iraq owed about US$80 million in debts. Iraq thus had to find ways to payoff its debts and saw Kuwait as a potential solution. Thus the economic problems of Iraq are animportant cause of conflict between Iraq and Kuwait.Oil production: Iraq’s main source of income is through the sale of oil. Oil production wasmaintained by OPEC, to prevent a decline in oil prices. However, Kuwait ignored its quota, thus theprice of oil dropped from US$18 to US$7 per barrel. This loss of revenue for Iraq meant that it wasunable to pay off its debts through the sale of oil. This prompted Iraq to look for alternative ways tosettle their debts and looked to Kuwait as a potential solution. Thus oil production is an importantcause of the Iraq-Kuwait conflict.Territorial dispute: Some borders in the region were not well defined as both Iraq and Kuwaitinherited their borders from the British. There were thus clashes between the two countries as theyboth wanted certain territories for themselves. An example is the Rumaila oilfield. The Rumailaoilfield was shared between both countries as its borders were not clearly defined. However in 1990,Iraq claimed that Kuwait had drilled...
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...ISWA – The International Solid Waste Association Introduction and Perspectives on Integrated Waste Management, Recycling and Recovery of Energy from Waste Dr. Helmut Stadler Vice-President of ISWA International stadler.helmut@utanet.at www.iswa.org Table of Content l l l Introduction of ISWA International and ISWA Austria Problems and Challenges Perspectives on Solutions Sources: Franz Neubacher, David Newman, and others ISWA‘s Mission ISWA – the International Solid Waste Association – is a global, independent and non-profit making association, working in the public interest to fulfil its declared mission: “To Promote and Develop Sustainable and Professional Waste Management Worldwide“ ISWA achieves its mission through: Promoting resource efficiency through sustainable production and consumption Support to developing and emerging economies Advancement of waste management through education and training Promoting appropriate and best available technologies and practices Professionalism through its program on professional qualifications. More than 1,400 Members in More than 90 Countries WWW.ISWA.ORG ISWA Membership Benefits ISWA members have access to a variety of benefits as for instance access to: • Waste Management & Research • Waste Management World • ISWA Newsletter • ISWA Working Groups • ISWA's Job Exchange Platform • Large International Network • Discount on Registration Fees • Member Discount Program ISWA Membership Categories •...
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...current trend in prices will undeniably be short term. For most of us the prices of petroleum is only apparent at the gasoline pump, but there are multiple products affected such as diesel and heating oil. The intent of this paper is to focus more on gasoline prices, supply and demand of gasoline, and elasticity demand of gasoline, externalities, regulations, and taxes that have put into place regarding gasoline. Also, explaining the underlying origin of such a histrionic change will give a better perspective to all consumers. Let’s start by explaining what OPEC is and their involvement in the petroleum market. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), is an intergovernmental organization consisting of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, and Angola ( Brief History, 2015). OPEC was established in 1960 with five original countries and has since added numerous more. The initial and current objective of the OPEC is to maintain prices that are both consistent and protected for the producers of petroleum. OPEC intends to supply the consuming nations with petroleum while gaining a just return on capital to those investing in the industry ( Brief History, 2015). How have changes in supply and demand affected oil’s equilibrium price and quantity recently? How would that affect the market for gasoline? Amplified oil supplies leads to a smaller price and a higher quantity of oil. Since oil...
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...Should humans add themselves to the endangered species list? The planet Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old. Modern humans have only existed on this planet for 200,000 years, or .004% of the Earth’s lifetime. In this short period, humans have made a greater impact on the environment than any other species. Humans not only consume most of Earth’s resources, but destroy them as well. Without these resources, humans would not survive. Human survival is also threatened by their tendency to destroy each other. Humans have colonized every corner of the planet and are very territorial. Conflicts are started for numerous reasons including power, wealth, politics and resources. In early human history, conflicts were between neighboring tribes. In the modern world, these “tribes” consist of large human populations – China being the largest with just over 1.3 billion people (World Bank, 2008). Due to such large groups of people, larger, more destructive weapons were developed by humans for conflicts. These weapons, aptly named “weapons of mass destruction;” include chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear weapons. Also included are any weapons which may be developed in the future with similar destructive capacity (Prawitz & Leonard, 1999).Lastly, the Earth is becoming increasingly populated by humans at an exponential, or hyperexponential rate (Varfolomeyev & Gurevich, 2001). This overpopulation is yet another threat to the survival of humans. Ecocide Ecocide...
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...IRAQ-KUWAIT War Negotiation Style and Frameworks by Steven Roberts A case study that shows how important it is to consider whether or not to accept concessions (nhượng bộ đất đai) by taking a reasonable perspective and framework. | Bottom of Form On a scorching (nắng cháy) summer day in August, 1990, the citizens of Kuwait stared in puzzlement (tình trạng rối bời) at the encroaching (xâm phạm), dusty streams of what appeared to be a pending desert sandstorm, creeping ominously (đáng ngại) towards them from across the forbidding dessert. To their dismay (mất tinh thần) and horror filled eyes, the quaking (kinh hãi) citizenry (toàn thể công dân) had become helpless witnesses to the advancing units of Saddam Hussein’s Iraqi army, relentlessly engaged in the illegal invasion of their homeland. There had been no warning of this pending disaster. Kuwaiti resistance was swept aside much like one casually brushes away a crumb from one’s lapel. (sự kháng cự của Kuwait đã bị đánh bật như phủi sạch hạt bụi trên ve áo) After six days, Hussein declared that he had annexed (thôn tính) Kuwait. The world was stunned (sưungr sốt) by Hussein’s audacity(trơ trẽn táo bạo), and the Middle East became very anxious about what the future may hold for this unsettled region. By August 30, the Arab League, called by President Mubarak of Egypt, attempted to defuse (xoa dịu) this potentially explosive crisis through deft negotiation. (khôn khéo) The Arab League proposed to Hussein that if he would...
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...FINAL PROJECT CLIMATE CHANGE AND USE OF ENERGY 2012 Tomás Frías Orozco A01222872 Miguel Madrigal Hernandez A01222919 Pedro Morfin Carlos Giovanni Elizarraraz A01227576 Jorge Blass Coss y Leon Cervantes A01226870 Phase 1 1. Introduction • Energy The capacity or power to do work, such as the capacity to move an object by the application of force • Types of energy chemical energy - energy stored in fuel which is released when chemical reactions take place. kinetic energy - energy of a moving object. gravitational potential energy (GPE) - energy an object has due to its position . elastic (strain) potential energy - energy stored in an object that is being stretched. electrical energy - energy transferred by an electric current. thermal (heat) energy - energy of an object due to its temperature. nuclear energy - energy stored in an atom’s nucleus. light energy - energy transferred through waves and light particles . sound energy - energy transferred via sound waves. • Units used depending on their application * British Thermal Unit-Used in Heating and Cooling * Calorie-Science and Engineering (Raise the heat of water) * Food Calorie, Kilocalorie- Used in Nutrition * Joule-Science and Engineering – Electrical Current * Kilowatt Hour-Electrical Fields (Joule/Per second) * Therm- Home Heating Appliances(Heat) 2. Energy Problems • The distribution of the energy produced in the country, as is showed...
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...such as temperature rises and pollution. In a buildings life, the raw materials are processed; these range from steel to wood. This causes deforestation amongst other things, and currently 7.3 million hectares per year are lost due to wood consumption. Stainless steel on the other hand is 100% recyclable, and the environmental impacts that result from its use are almost non-existent. Alternatively, its processing does have a significant impact on the environment. Some of these impacts include tonnes of landfill waste, emissions of dust and particulates into the air, chemical discharges from production plants, and very high levels of energy consumption during production. The fuel intake used by transport and distribution of these raw materials to building sites and other processing plants causes 368 million gallons of fuel to be used per day in the US (US Energy Information Administration), while construction accounts for 50% of global energy usage. At the end of a buildings lifecycle, all the demolished parts of the building go into landfills. Components of construction waste such as plasterboard are hazardous once landfilled as it is broken down to release hydrogen sulfide which is a toxic gas. Along with this, construction waste may contain lead and asbestos, along with other hazardous substances. Some solutions have been found to this that can potentially be implemented in New Zealand, such as the Environmental Preservation Industries in Kuwait that was granted a Build Operate...
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...Prominent Leaders MGT 380: Leadership for Organizations Instructor Kimberly Miller May 27th, 2013 Prominent Leaders George Herbert Walker Bush was born in the year 1924 and acted as the President of United States from 1989 to 1993. He was a great leader and brought about a drastic change in the working of the U.S. government. Leadership can be qualified into two types, transactional and transformational. Transactional leadership is based on reward-punishment approach whereas transformational leadership is based on realizing the goals and visions and then inspiring and motivating your employees to work harder. Bush had qualities of both the leadership styles but he was more tilted towards transformational leadership. Bush can be considered more of transformational in nature since he worked on a long term approach. He worked to strengthen America on a long term basis realizing the mission, vision, and goals of America. He motivated his followers and those who worked under him to work hard and deal with the major problems of America, all while he inspired his fellow countrymen. When he became the president America was suffering heavily with the problems of debts and deficits. The future of America was in a bit of trouble due to the recently hit economic crisis. Imports were more in comparison to the exports that were made. Bush and his country faced many other severe problems like this; however, he fought bravely with all these problems and even inspired his teammates...
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