...Mongolia today? 2.2 What are the biggest changes in the environment in Mongolia? 2.3 How can we solve some of the environmental problems in UB? 1.1 What are the important environmental problems in Mongolia today? The environment is everything around us. It is the air, water, land, climates and so on. A clean, well balanced environment has far reaching effects over all life forms and mankind. However, Mongolians can’t keep the environmental balance in recent times. Thus, it is causing serious negative effects such as air and water pollution, deforestation, desertification and land degradation. I think that the worst problems now affecting Mongolia are pollution and deforestation. People say that Mongolia was called ‘A land of blue sky’ in 1970s. Nowadays, air pollution is one of the facing issues to our country, especially the capital city. Thermal power plants, ger district, and old vehicle smoke are the main factors to pollute air. Air pollution in UB is increasing year after year. Especially in winter time, smoke produced by the ger districts represents 60 percent. The present survey shows that Ulaanbaatar is one of the most polluted cities in the world and its harmful elements are 10 times higher than the Mongolian Air Quality Standards and 6-7 times higher than the World Health Organization targets. Water pollution is one of the important environmental problems in Mongolia because the water supply is so limited. According to the statistics, only 77% of city residents...
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... h. [ Technological Factors ] i. [ Economical Factors ] 15) [ STRATEGIC PARTNERS ] 16) [ Strategy’s of Kingfisher Airlines ] j. [ Functional strategies ] k. KFA’s Promotional Strategies & Marketing Strategies l. [ Financial strategies: ] m. [ Expansion strategy ] n. [ Human Resource Strategies ] 17) [ UNCERTAINTY AHEAD ] Kingfisher Airlines – has a paradoxical situation faced by the airline industry in India which experienced exponential growth in passenger volumes; but with the exception of IndiGo Airlines, all the airlines failed to make profits. However, in general, the low-cost airlines did better than the full service airlines. Other than the government-owned Air India, Kingfisher Airlines, a full service airline, was in the worst possible shape and close to bankruptcy during that period. Lack of cash forced the airline to cancel about 35 flights in a day in November 2011, disappointing customers, the only...
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...Running Head: OZONE DEPLETION Taylor Graham Ozone Depletion The Ozone Layer The ozone layer prevents most harmful solar ultraviolet light, (UV) from passing through the earth’s atmosphere by absorbing 93-99% of these UV rays. UV rays are potentially damaging to life on earth. The ozone layer is comprised of high concentrations of ozone, (03) and mainly located in the lower portion of the stratosphere (rabbitair.com). The atmosphere of the Earth is divided into 5 layers. From closest and thickest to farthest and thinnest the layers are: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. The majority of the atmosphere’s ozone resides in the stratosphere, which extends from 6 miles above the Earth’s surface to 31 miles (Sivasakthivel, 2011). The density of the ozone varies according to the season and also the location. The ozone layer has historically protected the Earth from the harmful UV rays, however in recent decades this protection has diminished due to stratospheric ozone depletion. History of Ozone Depletion Ozone depletion is largely a result of man-made substances. Humans have introduced gases and chemicals into the atmosphere that have rapidly depleted the ozone layer in the last century. The possibility of ozone depletion was first introduced by scientists in the late 1960's as dreams of supersonic transport began to become a reality. Scientists had long been aware that nitric oxide (NO) can catalytically react with ozone (O3) to produce...
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...SUSTAINABLE BANKING -AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE Abstract ------------------------------------------------- The contribution of financial institutions including banks to sustainable development is dominant, considering the crucial role they play in financing the economic and developmental activities of the world. In this context, the urgency for banks to act as responsible corporate citizens in the society, especially in a developing country like ours, need be hardly overemphasized. Their activities should reflect their concern for human rights and environment. Since banking sector is one of the major stake holders in the Industrial sector, it can find itself faced with credit risk and liability risks. Further, environmental impact might affect the quality of assets and also rate of return of banks in the long-run. Thus the banks should go green and play an upbeat role to take environmental and ecological aspects as part of their lending principle, which would force industries to go for mandated investment for environmental management, use of appropriate technologies and management systems. This paper explores the developments of environmental concern in Indian banks, their environmental impact, and their role in the economy as a driving force for more proactive policies toward sustainable development. 1Introduction Banks and financial intuitions have played major role in the economic development of the country and most of the credit- related schemes of the government...
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...CHAPTER- 1 1.1: INTRODUCTION The word 'business' is actually derived from the idea of 'busy-ness'. This idea accurately describes most organizations: they are busy organizing resources, producing, selling, managing people and keeping track of finances. The people running the business have to organize people, money, materials and machines to produce a good or service to sell or give to their customers. Organisations: Since the dawn of time, civilized man has designed and built facilities in which to present great ideas. The Concept Organization manages ideas with the same monumental approach. Few things touch our daily life as much as Organisations do. We depend on organisations for education, food, clothing, shelter, health, wealth, recreation, travel, and much more. But what are they, have they come with us? Yes, organisations are as old as the human race itself. Archaeologists have discovered massive temples dating back to 3500 BC that were constructed through the organized actions of many people. The fact that impressive monuments were built suggest that not only did complex organisations exit, but that the people in them worked cohesively for common causes. “They are groups of people who work independently towards some purpose. Organisations are not physical structure; rather they are people who work together to achieve a set of goals. People who work in organisations have structured patterns of interactions, meaning...
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...INTEGRATED ANALYSIS HOW INVESTORS ARE ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE FACTORS IN FUNDAMENTAL EQUITY VALUATION FEBRUARY 2013 Co-funded by the PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT In September 2011 the PRI Initiative convened a working group of signatories to investigate how equity investors and analysts are integrating environmental, social and governance (ESG) analysis into their fair value calculations. The members of the ESG Integration Working Group are: Neil Brown Alliance Trust Investments - Working Group Chair Bruce Kahn Deutsche Bank Climate Change Advisors Andre Bertolotti Quotient Investors Masahiro Kato Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation – observer Paul Bugala Calvert Investments Tony Campos FTSE Group Erica Lasdon Calvert Investments Cécile Churet RobecoSAM Barb MacDonald British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Leanne Clements London Pension Funds Authority Mary Jane McQuillen ClearBridge Investments Jennifer Coulson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Christie Stephenson NEI Investments Lisa Domagala Solaris Investment Management Ralf Frank DVFA (Society of Investment Professionals in Germany) Dr. Hendrik Garz Sustainalytics (previously employed by West LB) Bryan Thomson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Mike Tyrrell SRI-Connect Stéphane Voisin Cheuvreux Niamh Whooley Société Générale Robert Hauser Zürcher Kantonalbank (ZKB) Between...
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...UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND School of Electrical and Information Engineering ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES IN GASES TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. QUESTION 1 2 2. QUESTION 2 11 3. QUESTION 3 21 4. QUESTION 4 28 5. QUESTION 5 36 6. REFERENCES 45 7. APPENDIXTURE 48 1. QUESTION 1 a) Explain the processes which lead to electrical breakdown of air by the streamer mechanism. Your explanation should include a discussion of the influence of pressure, gap length and electric field uniformity The concept of streamer type of breakdown is based on the Townsend type breakdown, which requires a complete sequence of avalanches [2]. According to Reather, the streamer type of breakdown differs from the latter because it assumes that the growth of a single electron avalanche becomes unstable. The original criterion by Reather only addressed the primary ionization processes, i.e. electron collision. With increased understanding of electron processes the role of attachment became apparent and the criterion was modified to the following equation: oxα-ηdx=18 (1) Simultaneous with Raether’s work, Meek. identified the Streamer mechanism and formulated the following breakdown criterion: According to Meek the instability is caused by the space charge field from the electrons and ions in the head of an avalanche. The breakdown occurs when the space...
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...INTEGRATED ANALYSIS HOW INVESTORS ARE ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE FACTORS IN FUNDAMENTAL EQUITY VALUATION FEBRUARY 2013 Co-funded by the PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT In September 2011 the PRI Initiative convened a working group of signatories to investigate how equity investors and analysts are integrating environmental, social and governance (ESG) analysis into their fair value calculations. The members of the ESG Integration Working Group are: Neil Brown Alliance Trust Investments - Working Group Chair Bruce Kahn Deutsche Bank Climate Change Advisors Andre Bertolotti Quotient Investors Masahiro Kato Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation – observer Paul Bugala Calvert Investments Tony Campos FTSE Group Erica Lasdon Calvert Investments Cécile Churet RobecoSAM Barb MacDonald British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Leanne Clements London Pension Funds Authority Mary Jane McQuillen ClearBridge Investments Jennifer Coulson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Christie Stephenson NEI Investments Lisa Domagala Solaris Investment Management Ralf Frank DVFA (Society of Investment Professionals in Germany) Dr. Hendrik Garz Sustainalytics (previously employed by West LB) Bryan Thomson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Mike Tyrrell SRI-Connect Stéphane Voisin Cheuvreux Niamh Whooley Société Générale Robert Hauser Zürcher Kantonalbank (ZKB) Between...
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...Myanmar Imperial College Marketing Principle Assignment front sheet Learner name Min Khant Aung Date issued 06.09.2013 Qualification Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HNC Diploma in Busin ess Completion date 10.10.2013 Assessor name Mr Ronnie Kywe Thiyan Submitted on 07.10.2013 Unit number and title Unite 1 – Marketing Principle F/601/0556 Assignment title Marketing Principle In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. Criteria referenc e To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the student is able to: Task no. Evidence 1.1 Explain the various elements of marketing process Evaluate costs and benefits of a marketing orientation for a selected organization. Show macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions. Propose segmentation criteria to be used for products in different markets Choose a targeting strategy for a selected product/service Explain how buyers’ behavior effects on marketing activities for “Green Villa” hotel 1 7-9 1.2 2 10 2.1 3 11-13 2.2 5 15 2.3 5 16 2.4 4 14 MIN KHANT AUNG Pg.1 Myanmar Imperial College Marketing Principle 2.5 Propose new positioning for a selected product/service Explain how products are developed to sustain competitive advantage Explain how distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience Explain how prices...
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...WORKBOOK OF ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION ESTIMATES D. BRUCE TURNER sources Field Research Office, al Science Services Administration Env ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Office of Air Programs Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Revised 1970 The A P s e r i e s of reports is issued by the Office of Air Programs Environmental Protection Agency, to report the results of scientific and engineering studies, and information of general interest in the field of a i r pollution. Information reported in this s e r i e s includes coverage of Air P r o g r a m intramural activities and of cooperative studies conducted in conjunction with state and local agencies, r e s e a r c h institutes, and industrial organizations. Copies of AP reports a r e available f r e e of charge to Federal employees, current contractors and grantees, andnonprofit organizations - a s supplies permit from the office of Technical Informationand Publications, Office of Air P r o g r a m s , Environmental Protection Agency, P. 0. Box 12055, Research Triangle P a r k , North Carolina 27709. Other requesters may purchase copies f r o m the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. 20402. - 4th printing July 197 1 Office of Air P r o g r a m s Publication No. AP-26 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Oovemment Prlnting Offioe. Washington, D.C. 20402- Pdoe $1.00 Stock Number 5503-W16 PREFACE This workbook presents some computational techniques currently used by scientists...
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...The term Business Environment is composed of two words ‘Business’ and ‘Environment’. In simple terms, the state in which a person remains busy is known as Business. The word Business in its economic sense means human activities like production, extraction or purchase or sales of goods that are performed for earning profits. On the other hand, the word ‘Environment’ refers to the aspects of surroundings. Therefore, Business Environment may be defined as a set of conditions – Social, Legal, Economical, Political or Institutional that are uncontrollable in nature and affects the functioning of organization.Business Environment has two components: 1.InternalEnvironment 2. External Environment Internal Environment: It includes 5 Ms i.e. man, material, money, machinery and management, usually within the control of business. Business can make changes in these factors according to the change in the functioning of enterprise. External Environment: Those factors which are beyond the control of business enterprise are included in external environment. These factors are: Government and Legal factors, Geo-Physical Factors, Political Factors, Socio-Cultural Factors, Demo-Graphical factors etc. It is of two Types: 1.Micro/OperatingEnvironment 2. Macro/General Environment Micro/Operating Environment: The environment which is close to business and affects its capacity to work is known as Micro or Operating Environment. It consists of Suppliers, Customers, Market Intermediaries, Competitors...
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...Welfare Economics Economists can give very useful guidance to society on matters of efficiency, but their value judgements on matters of distribution are no better than anyone else's. When economists say that a particular government policy or an institutional change (that is, change in the rules according to which people do business with each other) leads to a gain in efficiency they mean something very specific. They mean that under the new arrangement it would be possible to make everyone better off. That is, the gainers could compensate the losers and still have something left over. Once such efficiency gains have been fully exploited and a situation has been reached where no further efficiency gains are possible, where one person's situation can only be improved by making someone else worse off; we say that the allocation of resources in the economy is Pareto Optimal or Pareto Efficient. The concept is named after Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923). The production and consumption of the various goods in the economy is Pareto Optimal when the combined rents to producers and consumers are the largest that can be obtained. Since these optimal quantities produced and consumed depend on the positions of the demand curves for the various goods, and since the demand curve for any good depends on the distribution of income between those who like the good a lot and those who do not, changes in the distribution of income will affect the demand curves for the various commodities and the...
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...MAN3025 Summer B 2016 Ch 1-4 Test Chapter 1—Managing and the Manager's Job 1. The News Corporation, Smile Train, Delta Airlines and Gucci are all examples of a. bureaucracies. b. corporations. c. organizations. d. managerial hierarchies. e. centralized units of operation. 2. Which of the following is an example of an organization? a. The Department of Education b. Princeton University track team c. Starbucks d. Swoopo, online auction site e. All of these choices 3. Amy, Frank, Puz, and Tiaro started a Bible study group. They are engaged in a. starting a corporation. b. starting an organization. c. creating a managerial hierarchy. d. creating a bureaucracy. e. creating an organizational matrix. 4. All of the following are physical resources EXCEPT a. raw materials. b. a robotic welder. c. labor used in production. d. an inventory of finished goods. e. an office building. 5. In the National Football League, the players are a(n) ____ resource. a. physical b. financial c. human d. information e. intellectual 6. Managers use all of the following types of resources to achieve organizational goals EXCEPT a. international. b. physical. c. human. d. financial. e. information. 7. In the National Football League, the stadiums are a(n) ____ resource. a. international b. physical c. human d. financial e. information 1 8. In the National Football League, the ticket revenue is a(n) ____ resource. a. international b. physical c. human d. financial ...
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...9 - 8 0 2- 0 0 3 R EV : OC TO BER 25 , 2004 LYNDA M. AP PLE GATE NEO BOON S IONG NANCY B ARTL ET T DOLLY CH ANG -LEOW PSA: The World’s Port of Call Shakkei is a Japanese landscaping strategy. It means “borrowed scenery.” If you can integrate the distant scenery into the landscape of your garden, a beautiful garden can be created . . . A good landscaper is able to bring about this kind of integration. This same philosophy is true within Singapore today. If we want to realize the full potential of Singapore as a global business hub, we must leverage global resources to overcome our constraints and limitations . . . A small country is no longer small. This is our strategy to transform Singapore for the 21st century and beyond.1 Corporatised on October 1, 1997, after 33 years as the Port of Singapore Authority (PSA), the mission of PSA was to be the “World’s Port of Call.” A favorite lunch stop for many PSA visitors was the Prima Revolving Restaurant, located just outside the Brani Gate entrance to the port. From this lofty perch, Singapore harbor, port facilities, and operations could be viewed. On a sunny day in late 2000, PSA group president and former chief executive officer for Singapore’s urban redevelopment agency, Khoo Teng Chye, was entertaining a group of visitors. The panoramic view of the sea was dotted with container ships of all sizes, flying flags of many nations. As the restaurant rotated, the massive port infrastructure came into view with its many berths...
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...STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS Master thesis within Finance Evaluating the Performance of Socially Responsible Investment Funds: A Holding Data Analysis H. Camilla Stenström* Jessica J. Thorell** Abstract: This paper investigates the performance of regular mutual funds compared to Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) mutual funds, over the time period of January 2001 to September 2007. The paper extends the research on the performance of SRI funds by using holding data of regular funds to create replicating portfolios. In the replicating portfolios, unethical investments are excluded according to a norm-based screening list, hence creating artificial SRI funds. The replicating portfolio returns are then used as a benchmark to compare against the SRI funds’ and regular funds’ returns. Results from the study indicate that an exclusion of companies according to norm-based screening can improve a fund’s performance. However, when looking specifically at the fund management of SRI funds, the results point towards inferior performance compared to regular funds. Key Words: Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) funds, ethical investments, holding data analysis, norm-based screening PhD Stefan Engström 13:15-15:00, December 14, 2007 Room 349, Stockholm School of Economics Tutor: Presentation: Venue: * 19873@student.hhs.se ** 19924@student.hhs.se H.C. Stenström and J.J. Thorell ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to tutor PhD Stefan Engström for all support and guidance...
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