...CONTROLLING NOISE AND AIR POLLUTION FROM TRAFFIC: A CASE STUDY 1. INTRODUCTION Pollution is defined as the introduction into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take form of chemical substances or energy, such as nose, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be ether foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution can kill plants and animals, it may be muddy landscapes, poison soils, waterways, noise, air, etc. People are also regularly harmed by these pollutions. Long-term exposure to these pollutions may lead to any diseases such as lung cancer. Chemicals that accumulate n top predators can make some species to eat for humans. In fact, more than one billion people lack access to clean water these days and 2.4 billon don’t have enough clean sanitation, putting them at risk of contracting deadly diseases. 1.1 Objective of the Study This study aims to examine the problem of noise and air pollution from traffics in the wake of its all effect on the life of the people by planning on how to control pollution at source to the maximum extent possible with due regards to technological achievement and economic viability as well as sensitivity of the receiving environment. It also aims to minimize adverse effects of nose and air pollution by selecting suitable locations for the establishment of new industrial projects. 1.2 Statement of the Problem Associations has...
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...Case Study: Computer Input-Output Technologies that Link Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers CSCI 109 Computer Input-Output Technologies that Link Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers Both videos presented showcase the advanced computing technologies being used to revolutionize the air traffic control system. The efficiency they are enabling is actually redrawing airspace, reducing harmful carbon emissions, improving on-time performance and increasing profitability for the airlines. The innovative applications of computer technologies are the genesis of this revolution. The computer technologies evident in this case study include servers, workstations, user input devices and other peripherals. One of these technologies is the Controller-Pilot Data Link (CPDL). This system provides air-ground data communication for the air traffic control service. The controller and the pilot are provided with the capability to communicate messages, clearances and other important information. “A ‘free text’ capability is also provided to exchange information not conforming to defined formats. An auxiliary capability is provided to allow a ground system to use data link to forward a CPDLC message to another ground system.” (Wikipedia, 2013) This process enhances the workload capability of the controllers and pilots in high-traffic air space. In addition, it increases accuracy in communication as compared to traditional VHF radio traffic. Anyone that has engaged in a text message conversation...
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...GRIFFITH AVIATION Nathan Campus 7010GBS Research Design Assignment 1: Literature Review of Development of Training for New Air Traffic Control Technology Implementation (2000 words) Dr Robin Pentecost 30th March, 2016 CHANG, Hsuan-Ting s2957842 1 SEMESTER I, 2016 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 3 2. Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 3 3. Key Potential ATC Transition Issues .................................................................................... 4 4. Benefits of ATC Automation System .................................................................................... 5 4.1 What is ATC automation system? .................................................................................... 5 4.2 What’s the role of air traffic controllers? ......................................................................... 6 5. Drawback of conventional ATC system ................................................................................ 6 5.1 Incapable to meet the traffic demand nor the-state-of-the-art aircraft ............................. 6 6. What else can the training programme improve? .................................................................. 7 6.1 Sufficient overstaffing on track ............................
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...The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an Air Traffic Controller Encounters on the Job The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an ATC Encounters on the Job Rabiya Zulfiqar Siraj 200821070 Name: Rabiya Zulfiqar Siraj I.D: 200821070 Course: Research Project For: Mr. Baba Yerra Due Date: 3rd January 2012 Title: The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an Air Traffic Controller Encounters on the Job Words: 5,867 Ms. Bindu Nair Page 2 of 34 3rd January 2012 The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an ATC Encounters on the Job Rabiya Zulfiqar Siraj 200821070 Abstract This paper identifies the various challenges that an Air Traffic Controller has to deal with as a result of the demanding and strenuous job. It further highlights the need and importance of air traffic controlling. Air Traffic Controllers are vital for the smooth flow of traffic in air and on ground, in other words; they help aircraft perform safe operations. Hence it has become essential to keep them healthy, motivated and stress free when on job. This paper also provides the findings of interviews that were conducted in order to gain insight on what job performance [related] problems or psychological issues are dealt with Air Traffic Controllers in Dubai. It was established that traffic congestion due to high volumes of traffic and shift work raised more alarm than other challenging factors which are also stated...
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...------------------------------------------------- Air pollution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Bad air quality" redirects here. For the obsolete medical theory, see Bad air. "Air quality" redirects here. For the measure of how polluted the air is, see Air quality index. Not to be confused with Qualities of air. Air pollution from a World War II wartime production plant Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage other living organisms such as food crops, or damage the natural environment or built environment. The atmosphere is a complex dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems. Indoor air pollution (see Airlog) and urban air quality are listed as two of the World’s Worst Toxic Pollution Problems in the 2008 Blacksmith InstituteWorld's Worst Polluted Places report.[1] ------------------------------------------------- Pollutants Main articles: Pollutant and Greenhouse gas Before flue-gas desulfurization was installed, the emissions from this power plant in New Mexico contained excessive amounts of sulfur dioxide. Schematic drawing, causes and effects of air pollution: (1) greenhouse effect, (2) particulate contamination, (3) increased UV radiation, (4) acid...
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...Vehicular Pollution and Environment Protection | Environment Law Research Paper | Research Methodology AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This research paper is an attempt to understand the pollution caused by the increasing vehicular traffic in India and its impact on the Environment around us. RESEARCH ISSUES: 1. Meaning and Kindsof Pollution 2. Vehicular Pollution and its effects on health and the environment 3. Technical Measure (like Emission Standards) and Non Technical Measures(like prevention of Fuel Adulteration) 4. Fuel Economy Standards and phasing out old Vehicles. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS: This research paper is limited in the sense that it tries to study the pollution caused to the environment by the vehicular traffic. Pollution is a broad and extensive topic but this topic tries to limit itself to such pollution caused by the environment and not all other kinds of pollution. METHOD OF WRITING: This paper has largely been written in an investigative and an analytical style. SOURCES OF DATA: The researcher has primarily referred to secondary sources such as books and articles while writing this research paper. MODE OF CITATION: A uniform mode of citation has been used throughout this research paper which is based loosely on the style prescribed in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation(Columbia Law Review Ass’n et al. eds., 17th ed. 2000). Table of Contents Sr No | Topic | Page No | 1 | Introduction | 3,4 | 2 | Pollution | 4 | ...
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...Sampling and Segmentation: 9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 10 DATA SOURCE SPECIFICATION 11 DATA ANALYSIS 11 RESULTS & RECOMMENDATIONS 12 REFERENCES 13 APPENDIX 14 TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE 1 INCREASED TRAFFIC ON THE ROADS 3 FIGURE 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AFFECTING THE SOCIETY 4 FIGURE 3 CONTROL OF TRAFFIC AND POLLUTION INITIATION 7 FIGURE 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FOR THIS PROBLEM 10 INTRODUCTION BACKDROP OF THE ISSUE The environmental air pollution in Delhi and the National Capital Region is mainly caused by industry and vehicular traffic. Around 10,000 people in Delhi may die prematurely due to the pollution in the air they are living in. Recently taking into consideration this issue, the National Green Tribunal (NGT), banned all diesel vehicles over 10 years old from running on the roads of this region. As the economic prosperity increases in these area and increase in disposable income leading to urbanization, the number of motor vehicles have increased too much which has led to easy and unprecedented mobility to the citizens. The number of motor vehicles in India has been increasing at around 7% per annum for the past 10 years. This increase in the vehicles and its concentration, mostly the cars, has led to led to traffic congestion and severe problems of air pollution. Now since the pollution is caused by various sources, an integrated approach to this issue is required to be implemented. All these sources of pollution have to be studied altogether so...
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...Environmental Health Impact Assessment., Evaluation of a Ten-Step Model Rainer Fehr "Environmental impact assessment" denotes the attempt to predict and assess the impact of development projects on the environment. A component dealing specifically with human health is often called an "environmental health impact assessment." It is widely held that such impact assessment offers unique opportunities for the protection and promotion of human health. The following components were identified as key elements of an integrated environmental health impact assessment model: project analysis, analysis of status quo (including regional analysis, population analysis, and background situation), prediction of impact (including prognosis of future pollution and prognosis of health impact), assessment of impact, recommendations, communication of results, and evaluation of the overall procedure. The concept was applied to a project of extending a waste disposal facility and to a city bypass highway project. Currently, the coverage of human health aspects in environmental impact assessment still tends to be incomplete, and public health departments often do not participate. Environmental health impact assessment as a tool for health protection and promotion is underutilized. It would be useful to achieve consensus on a comprehensive generic concept. An international initiative to improve the situation seems worth some consideration. (Epidemiology 1999;10:618625) Keywords:...
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... | 1. PL1 2. PL2 3. PL3 4. PL4 | 1. Traffic Administration 2. Control room – Police Station administration 3. Communication Channels 4. Mumbai Police Force Administration | 1. Mumbai is a narrow peninsula and traffic management is a challenge as most roads are one way. How is traffic management done for VIP visits, Ganapati Visarjan, disaster/crisis times or even for daily traffic? 2. Head Quarter Administration. Their process is ISO certified.Understanding the process followed in control room. 3. Wireless section (400 vehicles) – in communication with each other & with HQ; ‘DailyPolice Notice’ is issued detailing all orders of the Police Commissioner, Courts, cases listed for next day, transfers etc. 4. There are 40 thousand people in Mumbai Police Force – Study the recruitment, training, housing, uniforms, discipline, moral conduct and suggest measures for improvement. | 2. Railways (10 projects) | 1. RL1 2. RL2 3. RL3 4. RL4 5. RL5 6. RL6 7. RL7 8. RL8 9. RL9 10. RL10 | 1. Trespassing on Mumbai Suburban Tracks: administrative & societal study& solutions 2. Railway Station Management: Cleanliness on Stations (how to improve public behavior) 3. Analysis of crowds in Suburban trains 4. Study of Control Room & Communication system 5. Operations of Accident Relief Train @ Bandra Terminus 6....
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...AVIATION SAFETY PROGRAM Name Professor’s name Course Date Abstract The paper seeks to look into some of the critical issues concerning safety measures in the commercial aviation industry. It focuses more on the concept of stress in Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) and how high stress levels can affect the performance of ATCs. Further emphasis is laid on the various measures that can be put into place to address some of the safety issues in commercial aviation industry through the risk management strategies. Several aspects of the whole case arise in the whole program of addressing the issue. It becomes a matter of collective responsibility in the bid to address safety issues and come up with modalities to mitigate any safety threats in the future. At the end, we realize that all the players in the industry have the specific roles to play towards the program. Introduction In an increasingly competitive global environment, where the scramble for resources and the search for tangible opportunities seem to have overtaken any other global undertaking, the importance of commercial aviation cannot be overemphasized. Commercial aviation plays a very central role in the overall growth of any economy across the world. It is therefore imperative to look into the key issues that govern the aviation industry to ensure its success and proper functionalism. The concept of aviation security comes in as one of the most pressing issues in this regard. The...
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...the standard EN-15251 three categories of the indoor environment in buildings are prescribed (category A, B and C). In the recommendations, the limit whereby the percentage of dissatisfied should remain under varies in each category for both the thermal indoor environment and the air quality. The categories for noise and illumination criteria are not yet explicitly related to a percentage of dissatisfied. Findings – Using the percentage of dissatisfied as the evaluation criterion, when related to the equivalent background noise, produces a more refined evaluation of comfort than an evaluation based on the percentage of seriously disturbed or the effects of sleep deprivation in relation to external noise. Furthermore, this corresponds to the European standards and recommendations concerning quality classification of the indoor environment, based on the percentage of dissatisfied. Originality/value – Based on recent European undertakings concerning the development of categories for the indoor environment based on the percentage of dissatisfied, it is desirable to utilise these categories to noise aspects too, and to relate it to the equivalent background noise level. Keywords Environmental noise, Noise control, Dissatisfied, Discomfort, EN 15251, CR 1752, Comfort categories,...
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...22 Flight delay performance at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport Grigoriy Yablonsky1, Richard Steckel1, Denis Constales2, John Farnan1, Damon Lercel1, Manoj Patankar1 1 Saint Louis University, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology (USA), Ghent University, Department of Mathematical Analysis (Belgium) 2 gyablons@slu.edu, rsteckel@slu.edu, denis.constales@gmail.com, jfarnan@slu.edu, dlercel@slu.edu, patankar@slu.edu Received October, 2013 Accepted February, 2014 Abstract Purpose: The main objective of this paper is to determine the annual cyclical flight delays at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Then using other data such as annual precipitation, passenger and aircraft traffic volumes and other factors, we attempted to correlate these factors with overall delays. These data could assist airport management in predicting periods of flight delay. Design/methodology/approach: Data were taken and analyzed from the data base “Research and Innovation Technology Administration” (RITA) for the years 2005-2011 for Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. The data included 2.8 million flights originating and departing from this airport. Data were also gathered from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) showing precipitation. Additional data were gathered from the FAA regarding delay causes, number and types of delays and changes to the infrastructure of ATL airport. Findings: There is...
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...Sciences and Managerial Economics The Chinese University of Hong Kong © Content Chapter 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 Objectives of the Study Background Objectives Research Framework 1 1 2 4 5 5 6 10 10 11 16 18 18 21 22 27 27 29 30 32 32 34 35 35 40 44 46 48 48 49 50 51 54 56 62 Chapter 2 Regional Airports’ Development and Expansion 2.1 Asian Aviation Hubs 2.2 Mainland Major Airports Chapter 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Regional Demand Forecast for Aviation Services Rapid Growth in Asia-Pacific’s Air Transport The Increasing Importance of China’s Aviation Market Hong Kong’s Aviation Development under Mainland’s Rapid Growth Chapter 4 Capacity Issues and Enhancement Measures for HKIA 4.1 The Capacity of the Hong Kong International Airport 4.2 Runway Capacity Enhancement Measures 4.2.1 Aircraft Types Trends and its effects to Runway Capacity 4.3 Possible Measures 4.3.1 Air Transport Management Approach 4.3.2 Enhanced ATC & Aircraft Equipment, Technology, Procedures and Manpower 4.3.3 Expansion of Auxiliary Airside Facilities 4.3.4 Peak Spreading 4.3.5 Aircraft Size Restrictions 4.4 Conclusions Chapter 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Selected Case Studies for Building New Runways London Heathrow Airport third Runway Manchester International Airport Second Runway Tokyo Narita International Airport Second Runway Conclusion Chapter 6 Supply of and Demand for HKIA Services 6.1 The Estimated Future Traffic Demand for HKIA 6.2 Possible Capacity Enhancement Measures on HKIA’s Two Runways 6.2.1 ATC Systems Enhancement Measures...
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...CUSTOMER CASE STUDY SURFACE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT SURFACE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FedEx is the world’s largest airline in terms of aircraft and freight tons flown, delivering time-sensitive packages and cargo to more than 375 destinations in over 220 countries each day. Located at Memphis International Airport (MEM) in Tennessee, FedEx ’s global hub is the nerve center of one of the most complex, fast-cycle logistics operations today. THE CHALLENGE Every week, more than a thousand flights deliver cargo to FedEx’s automated, stateof-the art, package-sorting system at MEM. FedEx has two main arrival/departure banks, one during the day and one at night. Each weekday, approximately 100 FedEx flights arrive between 7 a.m. and 1 p.m., departing again between 2:30 p.m. and 4:30 p.m. after all packages have been sorted. The fast-cycle logistics push is even more compressed at night, when more than 150 flights arrive between 10:30 p.m. and 1 a.m., departing again between 2:30 a.m. and 4:15 a.m. A delayed FedEx arrival into MEM may cause packages from that flight to miss the sorting process and thus miss its scheduled departure. Further, a delayed departure disrupts operations at the destination, resulting in additional couriers, employee overtime and other related costs. The cost of delays to a FedEx flight is significant, as it includes package delay fees that are much higher than fuel and crew costs alone. With no direct insight into Memphis operations, FedEx ’s Global Operations Control...
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...ote ote technical note tech Air Traffic Control Specialist Decision Making and Strategic Planning – A Field Survey Jean-François D’Arcy, Ph.D., Titan SRC Pamela S. Della Rocco, Ph.D., ACT-530 March 2001 DOT/FAA/CT-TN01/05 Document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration William J. Hughes Technical Center Atlantic City International Airport, NJ 08405 NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturer's names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the objective of this report. This document does not constitute FAA certification policy. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. DOT/FAA/CT-TN01/05 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date March 2001 Air Traffic Control Specialist Decision Making and Strategic Planning – A Field Survey 7. Author(s) 6. Performing Organization Code ACT-530 8. Performing Organization Report No. Jean-François D’Arcy, Ph.D., Titan SRC and Pamela S. Della Rocco, Ph.D., ACT-530 9. Performing Organization Name and Address DOT/FAA/CT-TN01/05 ...
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