...NextGen Air Transportation System Christopher Pratt Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Author Note This paper was prepared for ASCI 202 - Introduction to Aeronautical Science, taught by Michael Prince Abstract The Next Generation Air Transportation System, or commonly known as NextGen, will significantly update the national air transportation system. The NextGen system when fully brought online will help better manage the increasingly crowded skies, reduce operating costs, and more importantly, enhance safety. The enhancements to the national air transportations system will consist of 4 elements in addition to GPS. These are ADS-B, NextGen Enabled Weather, NextGen Data Communications, National Airspace Voice Switch. The overall goal of NextGen is to manage our increasingly crowded national airspace with more efficiency, safety, and provide a positive environmental impact while reducing costs. NextGen Air Transportation System The demand for air travel has increase significantly over the last few of decades since deregulation. That demand shows no sign of slowing down despite rising fuel costs and economic uncertainty in the U.S. and Europe (Karp, 2012). Gregory Karp (2012) of the Chicago Tribune stated that the airline industry, which traditionally has run in boom-and-bust cycles, has a good chance to be profitable over the next 20 years as demand for air travel grows worldwide. Price (2007) reports that...
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...AIAA-2005-0001 The Impact of Information Technologies on Air Transportation R. John Hansman* Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, USA The Air Transportation System and several key subsystems including the Aircraft, Airline, and Air Traffic Management are modeled as interacting control loops. The impact of Information Technologies on each of these subsystems is evaluated through the performance of these control loops. Information technologies are seen to have a significant impact on the safety, efficiency, capability, capacity, environmental impact and financial performance of the Air Transportation System and its components. T Introduction he US and International Air Transportation Systems have demonstrated remarkable growth and increased performance over the past few decades. Fig.1 demonstrates the growth in passenger and cargo traffic in international regions since 1972. Strong growth can be seen in North America and Europe which continue to dominate the passenger traffic. In addition, extraordinary growth can be seen in Asia/Pacific which has dominated the cargo traffic since the early 1990’s. Scheduled Revenue Passenger-Kilometers by Region 1400 1200 1000 RPK (billion) North America Europe Freight Tonne-Kilometers by Region 45 40 35 North America 30 FTK (billion) Europe Asia and Pacific Latin America & Caribbean Middle East Africa 800 600 400 200 0 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Asia and Pacific Latin America...
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...the lapse of time. Not only are they the indispensable means of transportation in most parts of the world, but they also evolved into a recreational sport which plentiful health benefits come along. However, the need for using bicycles for travel in a modern transportation system, especially that of an urban area, has been questioned in recent years with respect to its cost-effectiveness. In this essay, I examine both the benefits and drawbacks of the use of bicycles in public transport and form a brief conclusion based on my stance on this issue. Some advocates argue that cycling can greatly reduce the air pollution in Hong Kong. The air quality in urban areas of Hong Kong is worsening each day due to detrimental emissions and pollutants produced by the heavy traffic volume, which mainly consists of motor vehicles. Hitchcock and Vedrenne (2014) consider bicycles to be promising alternatives for motor vehicles in an effort to improve the air quality of urban areas, since they are low-carbon and human-powered vehicles that produce zero emissions when ridden. Indeed, bicycles are more environmental-friendly than motor vehicles, but its effectiveness in making a difference to the general air quality remains questionable. The findings from the research conducted by Rakowska et al. (2014) imply that reducing the portion of motor vehicles in total traffic volume may not be as effective as expected to improve the air quality of urban areas, since “small fraction of dirtiest vehicles...
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...CONTENTS 1. MEANING-PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION 2. A SYSTEM APPROACH (COMPONENTS) 3. COMPONENTS :- TRANSPORTATION i. MEANING ii. FUNCTIONS iii. MODES – MEANING,FEATURES,ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES * ROAD * RAIL * WATER * AIR PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION MEANING: Physical distribution is the set of activities concerned with efficient movement of finished goods from the end of the production operation to the consumer. Physical distribution takes place within numerous wholesaling and retailing distribution channels, and includes such important decision areas as customer service, inventory control, materials handling, protective packaging, order procession, transportation, warehouse site selection, and warehousing. Physical distribution is part of a larger process called "distribution," which includes wholesale and retail marketing, as well the physical movement of products. Physical distribution activities have recently received increasing attention from business managers, including small business owners. This is due in large part to the fact that these functions often represent almost half of the total marketing costs of a product. In fact, research studies indicate that physical distribution costs nationally amount to approximately 20 percent of the country's total gross national product (GNP). These findings have led many small businesses to expand their cost-cutting efforts beyond their historical focus on production...
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...Modes of Transportation Kendrish Lissade October 12, 2015 Thesis Transportation is the driving force in business in the 21st century, without the right transportation companies will not be able to get their goods/supplies to their consumers worldwide. The modes of transportation differs from companies to companies threw air, sea, or train there’s always a means of transportation. We will discuss numerous modes of transportation available to companies. How does different modes of transportation affect companies financially? How does it does transportation save companies time, and how does it control the inventory of a company? And is profitable to the consumers? How does it affect the stock market? Most importantly how does the different modes of transportation affect the earth environment and natural resources? Finally, is there any room to improve or make the different modes of transportation better for future business? Modes of Transportation We will look at the first mode of transportation: transportation via air; how does air transportation profit a company financially, saved time, and maintain a company inventory? They are many different type of air transportation both commercially and privately. Some of these types have been developed over the course of decades or even centuries to meet the needs of modern humans. Each different type is unique in the way it achieves flight, the speed it travels and the sustainability of its voyage. Many of the inventions...
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...AUV Rivalry of Development and Survival In and Out of the Road The Case of Transport Industry in Metro Manila Philippines Candy Lim Chiu, MBA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Hiromi Shioji, D. Econ, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan ABSTRACT The Public Utility Jeepney (PUJ) industry’s days are numbered despite the fact that it is an epitome of Philippine ingenuity on hybrid vehicle, cheap transportation, means of livelihood and employment generator that spans more than 50 years as the King of the Road. Its detour in the Philippine economy continue to be challenge by factors such as indirect government support, environmental issues, social demands, economic crisis, transport competition and entrance of substitution of Asian Utility Vehicle (AUV) that collide from all direction living the industry in jeopardy. This paper examines the similarities, differences and trends of transport business and industry in the Philippines concentrating to two major rival mode namely PUJ and AUV where it present diverse lessons to be shared for future studies of transportation business and industry around the globe. Ultimately, it aims to make recommendation on measures of ensuring a level of playing field between the players with the existence of substantial economic potential, industry improvement and concrete policy instrument. INTRODUCTION From downtown city of Metro Manila famously overcrowded public utility vehicles (PUV) headed by the legendary Public Utility...
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...CHINHOYI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY NAME : TAFADZWA MUDHLIWEVHU REG NUMBER : C13121173D PROGRAMME : BSSCM MODULE : PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT LEVEL : 2.1 ASSIGNMENT Discuss the policy instruments that the government of Zimbabwe applies to intervene in the freight-transport industry and point out in your view how these measures affect business logistics management and performance in the country. Introduction Transport policy deals with the development of a set of constructs and propositions that are established to achieve particular objectives relating to social, economic and environmental development, and the functioning and performance of the transport system. Policy has to be dynamic and evolutionary. The Relevance of Transport policies arise because of the extreme importance of transport in virtually every aspect of economic, social and political activities of nation states. The Logistics Performance Index ranked Zimbabwe at position 103 out of 155 economies, an indication on how difficult it is to move goods by roads in the country. Transport Sector Environment in Zimbabwe The transport sector environment is made up of public and private institutions and organisations. These are supported by legislation, which is implemented and policed by various institutions and individual operators of motor and non-motor transport. Legislation...
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...problem and relation of Road to Rail. Sea and Air Transport and Science of Traffic Control to reduce accidents and smooth running of the traffic. Research Methodology 2. Lowe has done a study on the development of transportation system in Japan. He has dealt with the transport and communication system during the Tokugawa Era (1600-1686) and has described the process of the development certain features which ultimately helped the establishment of modern transport in Japan. 3. A study made by the Ministry of Transport, Scottish Development Department highlighted that the free flow of traffic at reasonable speed requires planned improvement of urban road systems. The study also suggested constructing secondary means of access to enable goods and service vehicles to load and unload at the stops. 4. Locklin concentrated on the study of rail-road systems. He opined that the Government ownership of transport system facilitates the planning and execution of transport system very effectively and the Government, in one way or the other is capable of providing necessary capital. 5. Sharp C.N. in his work on Transport Economics, examined the studies undertaken in the field of transport system of U.K. and studied a number of basic problems like transport economics, transport investment, transport pricing and reduction in accident rate. 6. Payne, tracing the history of development of transport in Europe suggests that the transportation facilities are established by the private sector...
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...Transport and Logistics Systems Name Institutional affiliation Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 1.1. Introduction 4 2. Transport and modes of transport 5 2.1. Transport 5 2.2. The modes of transport 5 2.3. Air Transport 5 2.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Air Transport 6 Advantages 6 2.5. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Air Transport 6 Economic Impact 6 2.5.1. Road Transport 7 2.6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Road Transport 7 Advantages 7 2.6.1.1. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Road Transport 8 2.6.2. Rail Transport 8 2.6.2.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Rail Transport 9 2.6.2.2. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Rail Transport 9 2.6.3. Water Transport 9 2.6.3.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of water transport 9 2.7. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Water Transport 10 2.7.1. Pipeline Transport 10 2.7.1.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Pipeline 10 2.8. Economic and Environmental Impacts of pipeline transport 10 2.9. Interrelationships between transport and logistics 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Abstract The whole process of transport determines the effectiveness of moving goods and people. The advancement in techniques and management roles improves the moving of commodities, service quality, operating...
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...2012 International Conference on Traffic and Transportation Engineering (ICTTE 2012) IPCSIT vol. 26 (2012) © (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore Private Vehicle Ownership and Transportation Planning in Malaysia Noresah Mohd Shariff + School of Distance Education Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang Malaysia Abstract. This paper analyzes current trends in private vehicle ownership in Malaysia. For the past decades private vehicle ownership has increased tremendously in this country which is partly due to the economic growth, rapid urban development, population growth and inadequate public transport availability and services. In 2010, Malaysia has a population of 28.3 million, 17.4 million private vehicle automobiles and 11.7 million registered drivers. Traditionally, income has been hypothesized as a major determinant of private vehicle ownership. However, the spatial arrangement of urban fabric has becoming more important determinant of owning a vehicle. Other determinants such as government policy, auto vehicle financing, household characteristics and travel characteristics are also important. Therefore this paper is analyzing the spatial determinants of private vehicle ownership in Malaysia with a special reference to the Penang Island. Penang Island is located on the northeastern region of Malaysia and is an industrialized and a highly developed island. Penang Island has a population of 575,498 in 2000 and 740,200 in 2010, an increase of 29 percent for the last 10 years...
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...GENERAL ISTRUCTIONS The method guide is constructed according to “Fundamentals of Transportation Processes and Systems Theory” course syllabus of the field of study 6.070101 “Transport Technologies”. The course syllabus of “Fundamentals of Transportation Processes and Systems Theory” course is intended for studying the fundamentals of transportation process and operations in cargo transportation. The main purpose of studying this course is comprehension of basic transportation processes’ concepts related to transportation of cargo by two transport modes (or with cross-docking) with warehousing of the specified cargo type. The key objective of the given course is for the students to gain skills in management of transportation processes at micro level. The course will also improve the research skills and develop independence and responsibility of the students. According to the study plan of the major, the students complete a term paper entitled “Calculation of efficiency indicators of transportation processes in industrial transport systems”. The term paper deepens the knowledge on the course, allows practical application of the acquired skills of calculating the basic parameters of transportation processes and systems, and is an important stage in mastering the material of the course. Writing, documentation and presentation of the term paper is completed individually by the student in accord with the given method guide. The time necessary for completing the term paper comprises...
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...The jeepney is the indisputable king of the road because of the sense of bayanihan inside. The jeepney, which had its origins from the reinvention of US military jeeps at the end of the Second World War, has developed since then. Jeepney manufacturers have turned it into an icon, a symbol and one of the insignia of Philippine culture while still retaining its purpose as a popular means of mass transportation. Statistically speaking, jeepneys are one of the most favorable means of public transportation by the Filipinos. As the Land Transportation Office (LTO) reports on the first quarter of 2011, they registered 230, 622 units around the country and surprisingly 61, 145 units are around the small region of Metro Manila. What does it say about the popularity and continuing patronage of the people? A Complete Turn Around As we are hearing from most of the people, there are a lot of words opposing the use and presence of these jeepneys. There are a lot of complaints that says they are the primary cause of heavy traffic along major highways and avenues, and a major cause of air pollution because of the increasing number of smoke-belchers to name a few. However, they play a big role in the lives of every Filipino from its emergence up to the present times. But the Filipinos still find a sense of bayanihan, a formation of story and a dwelling of dreamers inside that makes us have a meaningful ride as well. It definitely contributes a lot to the society. What if there were...
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...acquisition related to our Supply Chain Study: 2 TL & LTL Trucking Business: 2 The new acquisition challenges and effect on supply chain sector: 3 Conclusion: 4 References 4 Introduction: Our subject in this assignment is about truck transportation mode where Manitoulin Transport one of the biggest transportation company in CANADA, acquires the LTL division of Weastcan Fright last month September 2014. How is this acquisition related to our study in supply chain management, what is meant by LTL trucking, what challenges would face Manitoulin Transport due to this acquisition, how this acquisition would affect transportation business in western CANADA in terms of cost, service, customers, suppliers, and others in the field of supply chain ….. Etc. All of these and more, we will try to investigate and explain to our valuable reader. How Manitoulin Transport acquisition related to our Supply Chain Study: Supply chain management is the integrated knowledge and practice where we can balance the demand of various customers with supply of various manufacturers and producers. The main link between all of them is logistic transportation of goods and services. Therefore, transportation with its different modes (air, land, sea, train & pipeline) would serve the median to move the goods and services from production point to...
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...Dean A DeFrank Transportation Principles Embry Riddle University Module Two Deregulation All modes of travel have experienced great changes through the years. Those changes were the government getting out of the travel management business and allowing the free market to determine the course of these modes of travel. The following will describe in simplistic form the effects of deregulation on each mode of travel. Airline Deregulation: The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 removed government control over fares, routes and creation of new airlines. The Civil Aeronautics Board (the governing body on airlines during regulation) powers of regulation were removed thus allowing the industry to be exposed to market forces. The Act, however, did not remove or diminish the regulatory powers of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) over all aspects of air safety. Airline deregulation has enabled more competitive pricing and increased carrier flexibility. Prior to deregulation, airline pricing was regulated by the Civil Aeronautics Board. Additionally, air routes were also controlled tightly. With more freedom, carriers can offer more effective options to those who wish to use airfreight as a means of shipment. Railway deregulation: Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 eased regulations on rates, line abandonment, and mergers. Four years later, Congress followed up with the Staggers Rail Act of 1980. The most important features of the Staggers Act...
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...and trade increases, United States’ ports and businesses begin to look for alternative forms of transportation in order to move cargo off of the roads and onto the water. One solution to this issue is the implication of Short Sea Shipping. Short Sea Shipping is the act of shipping intercontinentally, using waterways such as rivers and inlets to transport people and goods from one destination to another without crossing over oceans. An example of this would be using the Mississippi River as a trade route to transport goods from Canada to the Gulf Coast. Though Short Sea Shipping has been around for centuries, today’s over-congestion of North American highway trade and travel has created a greater demand for this method of transportation. It has already proven to be a successful mean of shipping and is currently at the forefront of Europe’s transportation system. The use of this type of shipping has many benefits, including: the potential to alleviate air pollution, reduce accidents and congestion on our freeways, while also saving the shipping companies money. International trade between Asia and the United States’ West Coast ports, transiting through the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, is expected to double in volume in the next fifteen years (ESCAP 2010). These greater volumes of commercial traffic are adding to congestion and environmental pressures on landside transportation systems, particularly those associated with the major urban regions on the West Coast. Short Sea...
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