...For many Australians, drinking alcohol is part of their social identity. Despite this, excessive alcohol is seen by many as being the most serious concern for the community, even compared to tobacco and heroin. This summary aims to determine the economic theory underpinning the taxation of alcohol and the impact of taxation on economic efficiency. Overall, on average, per capita consumption of pure alcohol is 10.35 litres per person (ABS, 2012). From 2006 to 2011, alcohol consumption per capita for ages 15 and over in litres increased from 10.31 to 10.57 in 2006-07 and started to decrease from 10.56 to 9.99 in 2007-11 (ABS, 2012). From Figure 1, it can be concluded that Australians are slightly heavy drinkers when compared to other countries with similar cultural, social and economic profiles. AIHW (2011) reports that males and those aged between 18 and 29, and also Indigenous Australians were more likely to consume alcohol in risky quantities. Figure 1: Alcohol consumption litres per capita among population aged 15 and over in 2009 (Source: Adapted from OECD iLibrary, 2012) Costs of alcohol consumption affect labour, health and crime. Collins and Lapsley (2008) report that total tangible costs in Australia attributed to alcohol consumption in 2004-05 were estimated to be $10.8 million. Figure 2 shows that lost production in the workforce contributes a large portion, followed by road accidents, healthcare and crime. According to Grogan (2012), 25 drinkers were arrested...
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...Alcohol consumption is a significant part of the Australian culture, tradition and social life. It is the most widespread and available psychoactive drug in Australia. Psychoactive drugs are defined as substances that alter a person’s thoughts, emotions, behaviours and perceptions; which can lead to abuse and an array of social and personal issues. Alcohol is often more harmful then some illicit substance such as cocaine or heroin, yet alcohol is legal, relatively inexpensive and widely advocated. Australia’s unhealthy relationship with alcohol has lead to a culture of excessive alcohol consumption, which has significantly impacted on many individuals and groups in society. Alcohol in Australia is so culturally accepted that it is often not even considered a ‘drug’. Such an excessive and acceptable drinking culture has resulted in increased health problems and many premature deaths. Alcohol is currently one of the leading causes of illnesses in Australia. In 2010...
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...publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296695247 USING DATA MINING TO PREDICT SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Dataset · February 2016 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1465.8328 READS 2,200 2 authors: Fabio Pagnotta Hossain Amran University of Camerino University of Camerino 8 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 5 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. SEE PROFILE Available from: Hossain Amran Retrieved on: 12 April 2016 USING DATA MINING TO PREDICT SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Fabio Pagnotta Mat:-093579 Mohammad Amran Hossain Mat:-093192 Department of Computer science, University of Camerino Advanced Database In this project, we use a data set about Portuguese student on two courses ( Mathematics and Portuguese ) which was collected and analysed by Paulo Cortez and Alice Silva, University of Minho,Portugal. Our work intends to approach student addiction on alcohol in secondary level using business intelligence (BI) and Data Mining (DM) techniques. The result shows that a good predictive accuracy can be achieved, provided that addiction of alcohol can impact to the student performance. In addition,the result also provides the correlation between alcohol usage and the social, gender and study time attributes for each student. As a direct outcome of our project, more...
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...Laws – Underage Alcohol Consumption Alcohol is plays a very big role in Australian culture but it is beginning to become a problem amongst society. Majority of Australians consume alcohol, usually for enjoyment and entertainment and are responsible when doing so, therefore causing no harm. However, a substantial number of people drink far more than they should and an increasing percentage of people are at risk of alcohol related harm. Whether these risks are towards ones own health or towards someone else’s physical health, these problems are becoming more and more serious. For young people, the effects of alcohol are different to fully grown and mature adults. Teenagers may not know the risk of the consumption of alcohol and it can be very dangerous. People often do things when they are drunk and they are not aware of what they are doing - they’re not thinking straight. These can lead to health risks of others, as well as the person who is drunk. Alcohol can lead to some very serious long term diseases such as mouth and throat cancer, mental health disorders including depression, and liver cirrhosis and heart disease. Research also suggests that adolescents drinking alcohol could interrupt proper development of the brain. Drinking alcohol can also affect a child’s ability to concentrate in school and students tend to fail and not meet school requirements. Underage people who drink also tend to commit criminal offenses a lot more than those who don’t. This can become...
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...Young People and Alcohol Consumption By Jose Santiago Purpose: This speech explains the effects of alcohol drinking among young teens, effects that could very well lead to a number of serious problems and altercations. Introduction I. I’m a guy from South Florida who at an early age 14 to be exact, started consuming large quantities of alcohol not having any knowledge of its very dangerous effects and repercussions. A. Alcoholism is an addiction that becomes very difficult to beat. B. I was not aware of how much damage alcohol was causing my body and mind. C. Today I will talk to you about the causes and effects that alcohol is having on young teens and how blessed I am to have walked away from it. Body II. Alcohol consumption by young people will lead to many harmful consequences. A. Younger people are not mentally nor physically developed to handle alcohol. B. The earlier a young person begins drinking alcohol the more chances are that he or she will develop to be an alcoholic. C. The more alcohol they consume the more foolish they will become and regret their actions. III. Consuming heavy doses of alcohol more than likely will have an effect in their social lives, sports and school assignments. A. Some of the results will include punishment and grounding from their parents. B. Being sexually active which in terms could lead to having unprotected sex that may result in pregnancy and AIDS (HIV). IV. Alcohol abuse may also lead to problems with law authorities...
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...Name Professor Title 24 February 2014 Alcohol consumption among freshmen Alcohol consumption is very common among freshman in colleges. Excessive consumption of alcohol can cause addiction, and this situation are known as alcoholism which is more dangerous because one cannot do without alcohol. Consumption of alcohol is dangerous because it causes disorder, road accidents if drunken people drive, can cause miscarriages to pregnant mothers, loss of jobs due to failure of one’s responsibilities at work and divorce among many others. Research shows that freshmen in colleges consume alcohol at much higher rates than other students. This may be because the young adults love to experiment with alcohol and most of them it’s their first time to have faced decisions about alcohol. Stress is also viewed as a factor that makes these students drink since many of them when interrogated claim that they drink to reduce stress. Stress is a major cause of alcohol consumption to college students because just a little consumption of it, makes one feel closer to his friends, his mood is lifted high, one starts paying attention to the moment and so, they end up becoming more care free. Alcohol consistently reduces the body's physiological stress reaction. This is dangerous because overtime it may become a vicious circle and one will be forced to drink more and more to gain its stress-decreasing effects. Major causes of stress among fresh college students These freshmen undergo a transition from...
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...designed to evaluate the correlation between excessive alcohol consumption and gambling behavior. The experiment was conducted using, two independent variables, real alcohol administered to one group and a placebo to the other. A total of forty males participated in the study in which the researchers separated them randomly into two equal groups. In this experiment, the author used a gambling machine, which recorded everything the participants were doing. The types of alcohol administered were beer and wine and the amount of alcohol administers were the standard dose according to the Australian National health & Medical Research Council. The experimenter found that the amount of alcohol played a significant role in the participants conduct and that even with a small amount of alcohol, persistence was stronger when linked to a loss during gambling. Therefore the study showed that alcohol consumption stimulates gambling activities. I do not agree with Kyndgon and Dikerson’s claim of the effect of alcohol consumption before gambling, which increases their gambling activities. Since alcohol is a depressant, it...
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...Underage consumption of alcohol is an epidemic that has spread across the nation at an almost astronomical rate. The problem is increasing especially among teens in high school. It not only affects their health, but also their attitudes about such things as, school work, socializing with peers, and their personal lives at home. The problem only seems to be progressively growing worse and worse inside of the United States, and by the law of cause and effect, this is not only affecting today’s teens inside of our schools, but also future adults in the work place. Statistics say that that by the time teens reach the eighth grade, nearly 50 percent of teens have had at least one drink, and nearly 20 percent report to have been drunk. Statistics also suggest that 50 percent of 12th graders have consumed alcohol within the past 30 days. Not only is this substance illegal, but when used underage, it poses a substantial risk to not only the individual but also to society as a whole. For example, alcohol related automobile crashes are more prevalent among the ages 16 to 20 than drivers 21 and older. Teens are also more vulnerable to alcohol related brain damaging then adults are, because of the fact that our brain is still in the process of developing, and growing. Alcohol use also interacts with conditions such as depression, and stress disorders, which induces teens to commit suicide, the third most leading cause of death between the ages of 14 and 25. In one study, 37 percent of...
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...Academic Effects Of Alcohol Consumption Shannell Richardson Lindsay Barrow May 10,2000 Econ 312; Prof, Wolaver Academic Effects of Alcohol Consumption Introduction: In recent years, college students are consuming alcohol at increasing rates. According to the Harvard School of Public Health CoUege Alcohol Study (1999), 44% of the students surveyed were binge drinkers and 23 % were frequent binge drinkers. Binge drinkers are often associated with a higher probability of experiencing alcohol-related problems such as violence, car accidents, injuries and the tendency to disregard academic responsibilities. Much research has been conducted concerning alcohol consumption and its effects on academics in higher education institutions. In our study, we would like to filrther investigate this issue and apply it to Bucknell University. There is a widely accepted conception of Bucknell students' drinking behavior as excessive and dangerous. The Bucknell community, including administration and staff, believe that Bucknell students have a serious problem with alcohol abuse, especially binge drinking. We believe that heavy alcohol consumption can lead to a decrease in class attendance; lower achievement on projects and tests; and inability to concentrate on class material. We intend to uncover the relationship between Bucknell students' alcohol consumption and academics. In addition...
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...The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 required that all States prohibit people under the age of twenty one from purchasing or publicly possessing alcohol beverages. This act is currently a law in all 50 states. This is a debate about whether or not should the national drinking age should remain at the age of twenty one or if it should be lowered to the age of eighteen. With this topic having many concerns, like health, having the minimum alcohol consumption lowered to the age of eighteen would give a sense of adulthood that should, so to speak, follow up with turning eighteen years old on ones birthday. With that, the age limit to purchase and consume alcohol should be lowered to the age of 18 in the United States. In the United States, adulthood begins at the age of eighteen. Some would say that with age also comes with responsibilities. In the United States turning eighteen means becoming a legal adult with new and different rights, responsibilities, and privileges from those of minors. Such privileges as having voting rights, ability to get legally married, legally sign contracts and other legal documents, have the ability to buy and smoke tobacco products, join the military and much more things without the consult of a parent because one is considered to be an adult at that age (ProCon). A drinking age of twenty one is an embarrassment to a supposedly liberty-loving nation. If you are old enough to enlist and old enough to vote, you are old enough to swill cheap...
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...The Norming of Alcohol Consumption in College Paul Vieira Daniel Webster College Abstract In colleges all around America alcohol consumption by college students is becoming normal. This drinking is happening mostly in the students’ dorm rooms on campus. Students are unaware of the negative effects of alcohol and usually participate in binge drinking, which for men is having more than five drinks in one occasion, and for women is having four or more drinks. In order to help prevent alcohol consumption, the colleges themselves must have guidelines in place to inform people about the dangers of alcohol. Strict alcohol rules such as complying with the 21 year old drinking age are also more hands on activities colleges can engage in to stop drinking. The Norming of Alcohol Consumption in College For many students, college is a new experience where they have to make their own decisions about their daily lives. For many students at first it is a difficult adjustment to move away from family and friends and have to deal with this. With this newly found freedom more and more students will consume alcohol on a regular basis. According to the University of Villanova, “Nationally, a very large majority, about 80 percent, of college students uses alcohol” (Villanova). This drinking is mostly happening on the college campuses inside of the students dorm rooms, or at another place on campus. Though colleges do not endorse drinking for students under the legal drinking age, students...
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...Student -Justice Studies MSIT-Mt Gravatt Dear Ms Turner Please find enclosed/attached the report which you requested on the 4 June 2012 for assessment in the units QLD594JUS01A- Analyse Social Justice Issues and BSBRES401- Analyse and Present Research Information. The aim of the research was to investigate /analyse/identify the Consumption of alcohol at harmful levels among young people which increasing in Australia. This report presents the findings of this investigation and is based on an analysis of both primary and secondary source data including the results of a survey prepared and conducted by Mr. Tricker the writer of the report. This report includes a number of recommendations to assist in addressing the issues raised in the research. I express my gratitude to the participants who completed the survey and who provided valuable input into this research. I look forward to discussing these recommendations with you and will be available to do so at a time convenient to you. Yours faithfully, Kieran Tricker Student, the Diploma of Justice Administration Program MSIT-2012 A report which outlines that Consumption of alcohol at harmful levels among young people is increasing in Australia. By Kieran Tricker Student of MSIT QLD594JUS01A- Analyse Social Justice Issues and BSBRES401- Analyse and Present Research Information. 4 June 2012 Table of contents Introduction ...
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...legal consumption of alcohol. In most western states, it is illegal for individuals below 18 years of age to consume alcohol. Other countries have an age limit of 15 years (Miller, 2010). All governments have reasons for setting this age requirements for alcohol consumption. For example, some argue that raising the legal age limit may not have an impact on society if people do not have the will to stop irresponsible drinking. Others argue that raising the legal age limit would allow individuals to drink when they are mature and responsible (Kolander, 2011). This would reduce chances of irresponsible drinking. This essay aims at discussing the legal age for alcohol consumption and whether it should be raised. According to reports from several police departments, most youth consume alcohol when they have not met the age limit. This implies that raising the age limit is effective albeit dutiful parenting (Miller, 2010). The need to raise the age limit, therefore, becomes crucial in curbing the negative effects caused by alcohol consumption. However, altering the age limit does not provide a conclusive solution to challenges of alcohol consumption. Governments can also create awareness in schools through program initiatives that educate children on the negative impacts of alcohol. Religious and social groups can collaborate with the governments on this aspect so as to make it effective. Secondly, raising the age limit for consumption of alcohol will reduce the harm of alcohol on the...
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...Pressure on Alcohol Consumption among Adolescents Halamehi R Abstract This paper addresses the impact of peer pressure on risky behaviour such as alcohol abuse among adolescents focusing on high school students from 12-19 years. Peer pressure in relation to alcohol use include peer norms, peer approval to drinking and the need to conform. Studies show that peer pressure does have an impact on alcohol use. However, other factors such as intrapersonal or psycho social forces, as well as parental influencess also have an effect on adolescents decisions to drink. The following literature reviews show the extent of peer pressure on adolescent alcohol and the other factors that may have a contribution to it. Impact of Peer Pressure on Risky Behaviour (alcohol abuse) Peer pressure refers to the influences that a group of friends or peers can have over each other. It is common among adolescents who are at a time in their lives where development of a separate identity from the identity perceptions their parents have of them is at a peak. Additionally, it is at this time that peers are trying to fit in with their group and therefore find themselves in activities or risky behavior that they would otherwise partake in. Peer pressure has no demographic boundaries affecting males and females over a wide age range in different ways with negative implications. Such negative implications of peer pressure include risky behaviors such as alcohol abuse. Alcohol consumption is one of...
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...The Causes and Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Aggression and Violence The Causes and Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Aggression and Violence Alcohol has been fermented or distilled for thousands of years and enjoyed by millions of people. Over the course of history it has profoundly influenced many societies in both positive and negative ways, thus acting as a double edged sword by stimulating its users, causing problems, and inspiring laws. Currently, alcohol is one of the most popular psychoactive drugs in use today. It acts as a great source of revenue for governments and influences both users and nonusers. Although there has been a substantial amount of research done on the influence of alcohol on aggression and violence, the relationship is still not completely understood. The common belief is that alcohol causes aggression or violent behavior. However, research has shown that there are several other factors involved. Various researchers have taken many different approaches to determine the effects of alcohol on violence and aggressive behavior. Some of these methods include experimental research, interviews, surveys, and naturalistic observation. One of the most common experimental testing methods of aggression is the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) or one of its various modifications (Chermack & Giancola, 1997). Studies utilizing the TAP have instructed the participants that they will be competing on a reaction time...
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