...Class: AJS/514 professor: James L. Smith Personal Criminological Theory Social learning theory when an individual learns how; to do a various form of criminal activity within society. Like robbing banks or people, murders, kidnappings, selling drugs, assaulting with a deadly weapon in so forth. The criminal acts that people learn, from the people that he or she surround their selves with on a daily basis. That feels nothing wrong, with committing any of these forms of crimes. That the associates present stimuli according to their foundation place within the public as well as the economic location, gender, culture, class, also subculture. It the part of the theory where disparity reinforcement stress person has various social groups also situations present to him or her on a continuous basis, therefore, various relationship with different people then the learning with any conduct is a function of reinforcing stimuli also the possibility for reinforcement makes available from a person different social circumstances. (Pg.9- 183, Franklin P. Williams III, and Marilyn D. McShane, 2014).With social learning it connected, with cognitive learning theory, which says that learning controls the person mental dynamics. A behavioral theory that thinks that learning comes, from...
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...Social learning theory when an individual learns how; to do a various form of criminal activity within society. Like robbing banks or people, murders, kidnappings, selling drugs, assaulting with a deadly weapon in so forth. The criminal acts that people learn, from the people that he or she surround their selves with on a daily basis. That feels nothing wrong, with committing any of these forms of crimes. That the associates present stimuli according to their foundation place within the public as well as the economic location, gender, culture, class, also subculture. It the part of the theory where disparity reinforcement stress person has various social groups also situations present to him or her on a continuous basis, therefore, various relationship with different people then the learning with any conduct is a function of reinforcing stimuli also the possibility for reinforcement makes available from a person different social circumstances. (Pg.9- 183, Franklin P. Williams III, and Marilyn D. McShane, 2014). With social learning it connected, with cognitive learning theory, which says that learning controls the person mental dynamics. A behavioral theory that thinks that learning comes, from the reply from the environmental. With both of these theories and created four guidelines, it comes to learning that stated by Albert Bandura. They retention is cognitive, motivation uses both cognitive and environmental, awareness is environmental. The reproduction cognitive the method...
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...cons of Ballistics Fingerprinting. My paper will be based on two published articles. The first is by Lorraine Woellert, whose article which states how ballistics fingerprinting can be extremely beneficial to a criminal investigation. Then there is Paul Magnusson’s article that states how ballistics fingerprinting is a waste of time and cost ineffective (both articles were published in BusinessWeek Online). Just like when a human hand touches a surface, it leaves a fingerprint distinctive to that person. When a weapon is fired, the marks and grooves left on the bullet when it leaves the barrel are distinctive to that particular weapon. Ballistics fingerprinting was crucial in the DC Sniper case of Oct 2002. The case came to an end when John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo were found sleeping in their car. Ballistics test done on the weapon found in the car, a Bushmaster .223 Caliber rifle later linked the weapon to 11 of the 14 shootings. I like this article because it states that this technology can help in solving a major crime. Because of the success of this, a national ballistics database should be established. On the other side of that coin, the next article explores the disadvantages of ballistics fingerprinting. A national database would be costly and unworkable. And it would be a distraction to police in their efforts of fighting violent crimes. At the time of this article’s publication, a major supporter of this program was Maryland LT Governor Kathleen Kennedy Townsend...
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...thousands. The attacks left the Washington suburbs transfixed with terror. People knelt down by their rear wheels to pump petrol or sprinted into shops from their cars to avoid the snipers. Thousands of people were scared to exit their home due to the killings. The killings were known as the “Beltway Sniper Attacks” because the shootings took place in many different locations that were located within so many miles of each other. This would puzzle police since the very essence of many of these attacks were random further pushing the brink of fear even farther to a place no longer imaginable. The Shooter's The shooters were identified as John Allen Muhammad and his teenage accomplice Lee Boyd Malvo. John Allen Williams was born December 31, 1960, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and died November 10, 2009, by the lethal injection execution. John Allen Williams was also a former U.S. Army soldier. John's parents were Ernest and Eva Williams, he and his family moved to New Orleans when his mother was diagnosed with breast cancer; she died when he was five. After his mother's death, his father left and he was raised mostly by his grandfather and an aunt. In 1987 he joined the Nation of Islam. As a member of the Nation of Islam, Muhammad helped provide security for the "Million Man March” in 1995, but Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan has publicly distanced himself and his organization from Muhammad's crimes. Muhammad kidnapped his children and brought them to Antigua around 1999, apparently...
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...The Beltway Snipers started on October 2, 2003 and last for three weeks ending on October 24, 2002. There was ten people dead and three injured. The shootings occurred in Maryland and Virginia. This left the DC, Maryland and Virginia living in fear for the entire time until the shooters had been caught. This was a devastating attack that we had never seen before and have not seen since. It was later discovered that these shootings were being carried out by a man named John Allen Muhammad, and his teenage accomplice Lee Boyd Malvo, in a blue 1990 Chevrolet Caprice sedan (crimemuseum.com). The men used the car as a shooting area to commit these killings with a hole cut in the back of the car by the license plate. There are many factors that helped catch these criminals and prevent further killings. Three of the...
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...This case truly began long before the investigation really began, even before the 9/11 attack, forty-one-year-old John Allen Muhammad and his seventeen-year-old protege, Lee Boyd Malvo started their “reign of terror” when they pretended to be father and son in the state of Washington. But, even before this, Muhammad had two failed marriages which caused him to kidnap his own children and flee to the caribbean island of Antigua where he became involved with Malvo’s mother. Malvo and his mother later entered the United States illegally through Florida and settled in Bellingham, Washington, Muhammad later followed. When Malvo’s mother was apprehended Malvo lived with Muhammad at a shelter, where he pretended to be Muhammad’s son. Police later...
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...John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo the two so called culprits of the Beltway Shooting terror the occured between August 1, 2002 and October 24 of the same year. This case was a media frenzy "During the 2002 D.C. sniper incident, journalists, who considerably outnumbered the police serving on the task force to catch the perps, were motivated both by the opportunity to get a good story and by personal fear of getting shot" (*Censer, Jack* * **On the Trail of the D.C. Sniper: Fear and the Media **University of Virginia Press, 2010). *People on the streets were so scared the normal walkers to work wouldn't walk to work anymore. A quote by John Muhammad was released to the press by *Charles Moose* as chief of police of Montgomery County, Maryland stating "Your children are not safe, anywhere, at any time".(Text of Chief Moose's Statements, Washington Post October 2, 2002) The press Feasted on this statement and sent the people of the D.C area into a near pandemic state of fear while the killings continue. The media turned the snipers into two menacing madmen who would kill strike anyone at anytime. Until they got to the trial the equally blamed both shooters until they saw how old one of them was. Then it was all turned on the older killer John Muhammad and was portrayed as the mastermind brain washer of then 17 year of Lee Malvo. 2nd paragraph The accusations against the not yet guilty Muhammad and Malvo were 11 counts of 1st degree murder and 6 counts of attempted...
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...The D.C Sniper attacks After the shooting of 15 different people in Maryland and Virginia in October, 2002, this country would never be the same. One of the most challenging cases in history would draw the attention of not only police forces, but also the FBI, the US Marshalls and the Secret Service. In this essay, I will analyze the background information on the murderers, followed by the crime development, and finally police intervention and resolution, linked to the assailants John Allen Muhammad, and Lee Boyd Malvo. On the one hand, perpetrator John Muhammad, 41 at the time of the attacks, had served in the US Military for 17 years, and earned medals for his actions during the Gulf War of 1991. After being discharged in 1994 as a Sargeant, his wife, Mildred Muhammad claimed that he had returned...
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...reading presentation project in PHA 109 and I liked his book because it motivated people to not giving up on their dreams. The speaker of this event was Will Allen. He was happy to be in SDSU and had an opportunity to meet with wonderful students. He mentioned that this generation is the one who would change the food systems and created a better living system in America. Will gave speeches across the United States and throughout the world. He created Growing Power Inc. in 1995 and he is also the CEO of this company. Besides farming, Will also had passion for basketball. He became an outstanding basket player when he was in high school and he continued to play basketball until he was 28. In 2008, he received the “Genius Grant” from The John D and Katherine T. McArthur foundation for his work in urban farming. Upon his retirement from basketball, Will moved to his wife’s home town, Milwaukee. He wanted to create local food systems and provided good, fresh, healthy, and affordable food to the communities. Food that they consumed in Milwaukee mostly came from thousands of mile away. He purchased 40 acres of land and built greenhouses and hoop houses. In his greenhouses, Will created aquaponic systems; it is a combination growing system between aquaculture, such as fish and hydroponic (plants) in a symbiotic atmosphere. Will Allen uses organic compost from discarded vegetables and fruit. He refused to use chemical fertilizer. Many youth in the community worked in his greenhouses. He taught...
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...Essay on Power of the Media The media has impacted society for decades by selectively reporting what they feel the public needs to know. Therefore, reporters are able to brainwash their audience by offering numerous distractions including opinions. Opinions, true or false, often alter society's view. In the sniper case, as in many other cases, instead of informing the pubic, the media inundates the viewer with biased information. The sniper case of October 2002 is a prime example of the media controlling and manipulating public knowledge. The media frenzy hurts these cases more than it helps them. The media not only informed society about the sniper case but also included numerous distractions and irrelevant information and attracted unnecessary publicity. Although the media was able to help solve the sniper case, all the distraction and superfluous information was unnecessary. The lack of relevant information provided in the sniper case caused news producers to get creative by adding extraneous elements in their productions. For example, the media often showed reenactments. In the sniper case, manikins were used to demonstrate the positions of the bodies. They also used manikins to demonstrate the path of the bullet as it traveled through the body. Not only were the demonstrations harmful to the victims’ families, but they were also irrelevant. Reporters often overwhelm viewers with irrelevant information and useless opinions. Journalist, Mike Drew admits that in the...
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...4 Injured at Lethal Shooting in Joe’s Sports Bar According to Ken Shindle who is the police commissioner for the Philadelphia police station, a gunfire was broken out in front of Joe’s Sports Bar at around 2 o'clock AM last night on Manchester Boulevard that injured four people including officer Thomas Schwartz who responded to the shooting. Local police obtained a security video from Joe’s Sports Bar at around 2 o’clock AM that showed the gunfire in the bar. Thomas Schwartz responded to the gunfire with his partner, and they hurried to the scene of the crime. Unfortunately, he was shot around the upper right shoulder, and he was rushed to the hospital in critical condition. Gunfire continued after Schwartz was shot, and police believe...
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...1. A Fairfax County’s top prosecutor presented to a judge that there is a 17-year-old sniper suspect of the name John Lee Malvo. Malvo can be linked to at least four October shootings through fingerprints, threat notes, and ballistic evidence. Mr. Horan the lead detective interviews a witness named William Franklin the husband of Linda Franklin. Mr. Franklin explains that he and his wife were leaving Home Depot just after 9 PM on October 14. He heard a noise and felt something hit him... later realizing it was his wife’s blood. Mr. Franklin‘s wife got shot through the head. He later explained to the defense attorneys that he did not see the blue Chevy Caprice. Mr. Horan connected Malvo to four communications with phone calls and notes that...
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...A serial killer is usually an individual who has killed three or more people over a certain time period. In most situations the motive behind the killings relieve anger, thrill, and attention seeking emotions to the murderer. John A. Muhammad and his accomplice, Lee B. Malvo were the shooters of the Beltway sniper. In six surreal weeks victims fell in October 2002, in Virginia. The shooters began to hunt innocent people around the country's capital, being picked off like trophies from a herd. At the time the killing spree put fear into the eyes of many people and it altered the way they went about their daily routines. It was very hard for investigators to get a good lead on the shooters. The investigators insisted that the snipers were using the Capital Beltway for travel. Additionally, many witnesses’ speculated that the men were driving in a white van. On October 3, D.C. police stopped the Caprice for a traffic violation, two hours prior to the shooting, after a witness reported seeing a Caprice near the scene. However, the officer did not know and the men in the Caprice were just given a ticket. Authorities were quick to issue a media alert to the public to be on the lookout for a dark blue Chevrolet Caprice sedan. This was helpful for the public, as well as law enforcement agencies, this was a major change from the white van descriptions. Finally investigators were able to receive information that gave them a suspect. They received a call claiming...
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...Literary Appreciation Submitted By: Franchesca Shaira J. Apalisok 3rd year Knowledge Submitted to: Ms. Dulce Caisip Table of Contents I. Caedmon by: Venerable Bede I.I Story Map II. Lord Randal III. Bony Barbara Allan Caedmon [pic] Image copy of Cædmon's Hymn in the "Moore" manuscript (737), Cambridge, Kk.5.16, f. 128v, written in Northumbrian. This is the earliest known version of this work. Cædmon ( /ˈkædmən/ or /ˈkædmɒn/) is the earliest English poet whose name is known. An Anglo-Saxon herdsman attached to the double monastery of Streonæshalch (Whitby Abbey) during the abbacy ((657–80) of St. Hilda (614–680), he was originally ignorant of "the art of song" but learned to compose one night in the course of a dream, according to the 8th-century monk Bede. He later became a zealous monk and an accomplished and inspirational religious poet. Cædmon is one of twelve Anglo-Saxon poets identified in medieval sources, and one of only three for whom both roughly contemporary biographical information and examples of literary output have survived. His story is related in the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum ("Ecclesiastical History of the English People") by Bede who wrote, "there was in the Monastery of this Abbess a certain brother particularly remarkable for the Grace of God, who was wont to make religious verses...
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...budgets compared to major studio films. Also, the marketing of these films is usually marked by limited release, though they can also have major promoting campaigns as well as wide release. They are usually screened at international, national, or local film festivals before being distributed (O’Meara, 2014). This paper presents a biographical essay of three independent film producers; Woody Allen, Wes Anderson, and Noah Baumbach Woody Allen Woody Allen is an American writer, playwright, comedian, actor, and director. He was born in 1935 in the Bronx (Girgus, 2002). However, he was raised in Brooklyn, a town in New York. Allen was the son of Nettie, a book keeper, and Martin Konigsberg, a waiter and a jewelry engraver. He had a sister named Letty and was born in 1943. Allen’s family was Ashkenazi Jewish. .Allen’s childhood was not for the most part happy. Besides having a shaky relationship with his uncompromising and temperamental mother, Allen’s parents did not cope (Girgus, 2002). He spoke Germany rather bit in his early childhood. While going to Hebrew school for a period of eight years, Allen attended public school 99 and proceeded to Midwood High School. During this time, he stayed in an apartment in 968 east 14th street....
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