...Letter, she uses the statement “ Hester Prynne, however, subverts the Puritan- patriarchal laws of meaning in two ways. First, she embroiders and embellishes the community's representational codes, thereby confusing them. Second, Hester refuses to name child's father.(pg.397)”as one of her primary arguments. In addition to Hester's ability to subvert, Benstuck's argument and statement that The Scarlet Letter“focuses attention on representations of womanhood, with special emphasis on Puritan efforts to regulate female sexuality within religious, legal, and economic structures.(pg398)” is her thesis for her analysis. The people of the society Hester Prynne lived in were strictly judgmental on one if they had not chose to take the “proper” and “righteous” way to reproduce. Benstuck speaks on the biology and religious aspects of man and woman to support her idea gender issues. She uses the term “ Alpha – Omega” to describe how the male is viewed, however the woman is not entitled to such a higher power title. “ The patriarchal construction of femininity, based on masculine fantasies of the female bod, is the sign under which sexual difference parades itself in our culture. Benstuck also goes on to state, “ Patriarchy defines social gender roles for women within...
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...consumerist in nature celebrating superficiality. Pop culture expressed through visual images has always been plagued with fetishisation and hyper-sexualisation of bodies represented. Right from the inception, the gendered nature of image culture has invited a sea of criticisms and opinions. Thus the represented space in popular culture, especially if it is in the optic means, can be a useful lens to explore the ideological constructions of a society. Much of popular culture continues to represent women and men in overtly stereotypical ways reproducing predominance of hegemonic masculinity and over-emphasised femininity, placing all other forms of masculinities and femininities in the shadowy background of covert representations. Expressing a serious concern for politicised representations, my thesis focuses on unraveling the ambivalent portraiture of superheroines in the phantasmal world...
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...Concept of Feminism is the equality of Men and Women within society and culture, but how does it fit in our current culture values within this day and age? With statements and an analysis from Mies, Gauntlett and MacInnes, the base of feminism is elaborated from ethics, actions taken and the touch on masculinity and its background towards Feminism. As more shall be elaborated in discussion, the first key pointer being what is Feminism, this has always been a sensitive topic to touch, and more women are growing with the image behind, but are women losing the true sense of being liberated? Or are they the main cause of their chains being re-shackled? In achievement of this research the outcome will be how Mass Media has contributed highly in this regard, there has been a huge influence of how a “real woman” is supposed to be like, the way she is supposed to dress, cook, be in a position of corporate power, and still stand behind the pots and hold the vacuum arch. This will be emphasized into more detail on how Susan Faludi embraces the Backlash of Feminism, and how Gauntlett’s view on Mass Media has a huge impact on the Women’s Society as whole, especially making pointers on equality and inequality. Mass media has embarked a large influence in continuing the subordination in the consumer society, not only it the media itself to be blame but women themselves. According to Mies, “The woman question invariably leads to high emotional reactions from men and from women” (Mies 1998:6), in...
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...Chapter I Introduction Brotherhood or brethren had been an essence key for changes in the human world since time can tell. It has been in many forms in the past like the knights of the round table of king Arthur, the mason of the western world and some cults. Today in the present day brotherhood or brethren is still present, in the forms of fraternities. Fraternities or in Greek means brotherhood of male college students. In this study we can know or define the moral and social values of fraternity members. Statement of the Problem This study would be conducted to know that Joining fraternities affects the moral and -social values of its members. Specifically this study aims to answer the following questions: 1. What Moral values do they get? 2. What Social values do they attain? 3. Is there a hazing or physical contact to people who wants to join? 4. What kind of brotherhood are they? 5. Who is initiating the people who want to join? 6. How many members are still active? Significance of the study This study will try to find out that joining fraternities affects the moral and social values of its members especially college students. The period of research is from July 23 to August 31 of 2012. Audio interviews would be recorded in order for the researcher to record data or answers that would be able to give a light to the study. The research would be able to give a brighter meaning of fraternities in the society of today. It would also...
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...BMI & PHYSICAL FITNESS PERFORMANCE OF THE BPE STUDENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to the Study Chapter one is divided into five parts; namely: (1) Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, (2) Statement of the Problem and the Hypothesis, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5) Scope of Delimitation of the Study. Part One, Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, presents the rationale for the choice of the problem and presents the Theoretical Framework upon which this study was anchored. Part Two, Statement of the Problem and the Hypothesis, enumerates the general and specific questions answered in the study and states the hypothesis tested. Part Three, Significance of the Study, identifies the beneficiaries and benefits that could be derived from the results of the study. Part Four, Definitions of Terms, gives the conceptual and operational meanings of the important terms used in the study. Part Five, Scope and Delimitation of the Study, specifies the coverage and limitations of the study. Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study The human body is a perfect work of art for its symmetry & proportion. It can handle innumerable tasks ranging from the light to heavy up to the simple to intricate one wayback prehistoric times. The interest of man towards the “human body” was been the subject of several investigations as documented...
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...Scientism and Technocracy in Brave New World Introduction Brave New World is well recognized as a dystopian novel, in which Aldous Huxley satirically criticized scientism and technocracy. In this new world, science and technology was paramount. It dominated all aspects of human life. Humans were mass produced in laboratory and factories; human moral value were moulded by sleeping teaching; human emotions were controlled by soma. The overuse of science and technology reduced humans to one-dimensional man without individuality and the ability of critical thinking. Human beings were used as tools for political and economic purposes. The thesis is to study scientism and technocracy, the "improper application of science to human life", from two aspects: the interference with human physical life and the elimination of human spiritual life. Scientism and Technocracy Scientism, according to Zhu Wang, is "an excessive belief in the power of scientific knowledge and technology to solve all human problems including spiritual crisis" (194). It is "the authority of natural sciences, dominating all aspects of human life and rejecting religion, philosophy, art, and literature" (194). In Brave New World, Huxley depicted a dystopian society to condemn the excessive use of science and technology which eliminated human individuality and civilization. He pointed out in his Complete Essays Vol.6 that science was "the reduction of multiplicity to unity….the theoretical reduction...
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...The following paper will provide a chart on this authors view of the kingdom and covenants. It will explain the chart in detail, share differing opinions, and defend the authors interpretation of the chart. The thesis is that God has the right to rule as creator. He has revealed Himself throughout history in administrations or dispensations, has given covenants as promises, and sent His son Jesus as the ultimate fulfillment of His covenants. “God alone is sovereign, has the right to rule, the right to be obeyed and the right to be worshiped.” God’s kingdom and covenants are “inseparable, for God’s kingdom program was the outworking of His eternal and unconditional covenants.” The top of the chart illustrates the timeless kingdom of God. Gen...
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...[Re-format] Despite being suppressed, Lady Macbeth’s femininity manifests itself several times throughout the play, to Lady Macbeth’s dismay. One example is when she says that she would have killed King Duncan “had he not resembled [her] father as he slept” (II.ii.16-17). This makes evident that Lady Macbeth’s femininity is still intact. [Add more details here] Lady Macbeth can encourage violence, but cannot stand its byproducts of blood and violence (Cohen). Lady Macbeth tried to reject her femininity, but it was ingrained in her. She could not remove it despite how hard she tried [Reword]. In the end, Lady Macbeth does not profit. She could not handle the male gender role because she set an impossible goal of becoming the ideal alpha male, which caused her to fail miserably, in the process corrupting her womanhood and dying a less dignified death than her husband. (Liston). Lady Macbeth challenged nature, as she was never meant to be a warrior, yet wanted the bloodthirstiness of one. Challenging nature is almost always a foolish action, as it normally ends with the challenger in serious trouble. With Insanity gripping the mind...
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...Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, May 1997 v36 n9-10 p551(22) Advertising's effects on men's gender role attitudes. Jennifer Garst; Galen V. Bodenhausen. Author's Abstract: COPYRIGHT 1997 Plenum Publishing Corporation We posited that media images of men influence the gender role attitudes that men express soon after exposure to the images. A total of 212 men (87% European American, 7% Asian or Asian American, 3% African American, and 3% other) viewed magazine advertisements containing images of men that varied in terms of how traditionally masculine vs. androgynous they were and whether the models were the same age or much older than the viewers. Men who had initially been less traditional espoused more traditional attitudes than any other group after exposure to traditionally masculine models, although they continued to endorse relatively nontraditional views after exposure to androgynous models. These findings suggest that nontraditional men's gender role attitudes may be rather unstable and susceptible to momentary influences such as those found in advertising. Full Text: COPYRIGHT 1997 Plenum Publishing Corporation In the average American household, the television is turned "on" for almost seven hours each day, and the typical adult or child watches two to three hours of television per day. It is estimated that the average child sees 360,000 advertisements by the age of eighteen (Harris, 1989). Due to this extensive exposure to mass media depictions, the media's influence...
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...Vol. 5, No. 2 Asian Social Science Leadership Style and Perception of Effectiveness: Enlightening Malaysian Managers Sharmila Jayasingam (Corresponding author) Faculty of Business and Accounting Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel: 03-7967-3833 E-mail: sharmila@um.edu.my Moey Yoke Cheng KDU College Sdn. Bhd 32, Jalan Anson 10400 Penang E-mail: ycmoey12@yahoo.com Abstract In the past, the leadership style of Malaysian managers has been different from our Western counterparts due to strong cultural differences. However, with the advent of knowledge economy and the transformation of workforce, leadership style of Malaysian managers is said to be altered. This research explored the current state of leadership style among Malaysian managers and its effect on the perception of effectiveness. A survey method was employed and the data was drawn from subordinates who were working in private and public sectors in the Klang Valley area. When compared to past literature, the results imply that a shift has taken place primarily with regards to autocratic leadership. Respondents attributed leadership effectiveness to the use of participative and nurturant-task leader behavior. Gender differences were not significantly evident. Keywords: Malaysian managers, Leadership, Gender 1. Introduction Reading most Management textbooks would readily reveal that leadership is one of the four management function that needs to be assumed by any manager. Although numerous studies of effective...
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...The biology of leadership The relation between leadership, psychopathy and hormones Master thesis Economics and Business 8th of August 2012 Name student: Ricardo Westendorp Student number: 294819rw Supervisor: Wouter van den Berg The biology of leadership PREFACE Around October, 2011, I started looking for a subject to graduate on, when a neuro-economical subject, involving the connection of leadership to psychopathy and hormones, crossed my path. I had to jump into it, because this subject matched the field I am interested in. Now, 8 months later, I present you my final work and I have enjoyed working on it. I have to be honest, this product would not have been able to be written if it wasn’t for the help of certain people. Therefore, I would like to use this section, to show my gratitude to some people, that helped me along the way. First of all, I thank the Erasmus School of Economics, for providing the financial support for this research. This research would definitely not have been possible, without the financial support of the ESE. Secondly, I would like to thank my supervisor, Wouter van den Berg, who has supported me, guided me and who has contributed intellectually. I would also like to thank Kashin Hau, who has made great contributions to the construction of the leadership questionnaire. Also, I would like to thank Sarstedt, who provided 500 saliva tubes. I am very thankful for the help of my parents. A great contribution has been made by my parents, Wim Westendorp...
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...1. Introduction Specific employee attitude relating to job satisfaction is of major interest in the field of organizational behavior and the practice of human resources management now. The interest steamed from the belief that the satisfied employees are more productive than dissatisfied employees are. This interest induces the management academics to conduct many researches regarding different issues in the field of job satisfaction. Employees spend most of their time at work but they are not completely satisfied from their job that’s why satisfaction is not only important for employee’s wellbeing but also for organization wellbeing. Attainment of a high level performance through productivity and efficiency has always been an organizational goal of high priority. In order to do that highly satisfied work force is an absolutely necessity for achieving a high level of performance advancement of an organization. Satisfied worker leads to extend more effort to job performance, then works harder and better. Thus every organization tries to create a satisfied work force to operate the well- being of the organization. However, the total organizational performance depends on efficient and effective performance of individual employees of the organization. Therefore, every organization places a considerable reliance on their individual employee performance to gain high productivity in the organization. Employee effort is an important factor that determines an individual performance...
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... Amity Business School, Amity University Declaration I hereby declare that the project work entitled “THE IMPACT OF GENDER DIFFRENCES ON JOB SATISFACTION, MENTAL HEALTH AND OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG BANKING EMPLOYEES” submitted to the Amity University, NOIDA, is a record of an original work done by me under the guidance of Ms. SHALINI TRIVEDI, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Amity Business School, Amity University, and this project work is submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration. The results embodied in this thesis have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any degree or diploma. Acknowledgement I owe a great many thanks to a great many people who helped and supported me during the writing of this project report. My deepest thanks to , Ms SHALINI TRIVEDI and the Guide of the project for guiding and correcting various...
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...state organizations in Iran by means of offering a logical pattern, in order to be able to propose a favorable pattern, leading to increased efficiency in governmental organizations of the country. Innovation of this study can be divided into two parts: one is theoretical contribution and developing the knowledge of efficient leadership as well as women’s leadership style, and the second one is scientific contribution and proposing a pattern for women’s efficient leadership in state organizations, using compound approach. The outcomes of this study show that women’s efficient leadership in state organizations consists of 7 subjects, 17 dimensions, and 85 components, which represent various characteristics in different periods of time. The thesis...
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...Page 1 of 11 Original Research Retention factors in relation to organisational commitment in medical and information technology services Authors: Jeannette van Dyk1 Melinde Coetzee1 Affiliation: 1 Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa Correspondence to: Melinde Coetzee Email: coetzm1@unisa.ac.za Postal address PO Box 392, University of South Africa 0003, South Africa Dates: Received: 17 Oct. 2011 Accepted: 19 Mar. 2012 Published: 18 July 2012 How to cite this article: Van Dyk, J., & Coetzee, M. (2012). Retention factors in relation to organisational commitment in medical and information technology services. SA Journal of Human Resource Management/SA Tydskrif vir Menslikehulpbronbestuur, 10(2), Art. #433, 11 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ sajhrm.v10i2.433 Orientation: Retaining staff with scarce and critical skills in the medical and information technology (IT) industry has become a top priority because of skills shortages. Research purpose: The objectives of the study were to investigate empirically: (1) the relationship between employees’ satisfaction with organisational retention factors (measured by the Retention Factors Scale) and their organisational commitment (measured by the Organisational Commitment Questionnaire) and (2) whether gender, age, race and tenure groups differ significantly in terms of these variables. Motivation for the study: Medical and information technology professionals have specialised...
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