...CMST 3300 April 21, 2013 Ailey, Revelations, & Their Legacy One may ask why a dance company’s founder, most renowned piece in its repertoire, and the impact it had on the world would be a subject worthy of a historical and cultural analysis. It is because dance, and a society’s reaction to it, are important and cultural indicators. As a part of culture, dance is both acted upon by other aspects of a society and acts upon those same aspects. Because dance is a part of culture, it is subject to the same forces of change as any other aspect of culture. Therefore, social change, both great and small, can be seen in the dance created by a society. Much about change in dance form and culture is applicable to culture change in general. In some cases, dance is a readily observable microcosm of what is happening in the larger social and cultural context. For these reasons, dance is a valid indicator of collective people’s experience within a society and can be used as a historical tool to aid in the understanding of social change. Dance is a form of communication; it is body language taken to a greater extreme. In all societies, the physical interaction between people can be as important, if not more important, than the verbal and written communication, which takes place. Dance is this physical interaction, this body language, intensified. As with other expressions in a society, dance tends to be a testament of values, beliefs, attitudes and emotions. Dance, like other...
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...Alvin Ailey (1931-1989) by Thomas F. DeFrantz Alvin Ailey, the founder of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater (1958-), galvanized and stabilized an African American presence in theatrical dance. An outstanding performer, choreographer, company director, and mentor to scores of dance artists, Ailey oversaw the growth of his small, pick-up group of seven dancers into a large, carefully managed, internationally-renowned enterprise including several ensembles of dancers and a thriving school in New York City housed in the largest building devoted to dance in the United States. Along the way, Ailey changed the landscape of modern dance by developing new audiences for its performance through a consistent combination of exceptional artistry and wellcoordinated community outreach programs. In all, Ailey invigorated the art of dance with his distinctive creative imagination, his “blood memories” of cultural formations he witnessed as a child-- including the jook joint and the black church --and the strong survivalist ethic he learned as an African American man born in the depression-era South. Emergence into Dance Born in Rogers, Texas, the only child of workingclass parents who separated when he was two, Ailey moved with his mother to Los Angeles in 1942. Shy from his itinerant Texas life, Ailey reluctantly turned to dance when a high-school classmate introduced him to Lester Horton's Hollywood studio in 1949. In dance, he found the terms of self-expression that high school athletics...
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...traditional African-American family, community, and culture. As a teenager, Dr. Angelou’s love for the arts won her a scholarship to study dance and drama at San Francisco’s Labor School. At 14, she dropped out to become San Francisco’s first African-American female cable car conductor. She later finished high school, giving birth to her son, a few weeks after graduation. As a young single mother, she supported her son by working as a waitress and cook, however her passion for music, dance, performance, and poetry would soon take center stage. In 1954 and 1955, Dr. Angelou toured Europe with a production of the opera Porgy and Bess. She studied modern dance with Martha Graham, danced with Alvin Ailey on television variety shows and, in 1957, recorded her first album, Calypso Lady. In 1958, she moved to New York, where she joined the Harlem Writers Guild, acted in the historic Off-Broadway production of Jean Genet's The Blacks and wrote and performed Cabaret for Freedom. In 1960, Dr. Angelou moved to Cairo, Egypt where she served as editor of the English language weekly The Arab Observer. The next year, she moved to Ghana where she taught at the University of Ghana's School of Music and Drama, worked as feature editor for The African Review and wrote for The Ghanaian Times. During her years abroad, Dr. Angelou read and studied voraciously, mastering French, Spanish,...
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...talk. Momma don’t care. Momma know that when you and the good Lord get ready, you gon’ be a teacher.” As a teenager, Dr. Angelou’s love for the arts won her a scholarship to study dance and drama at San Francisco’s Labor School. At 14, she dropped out to become San Francisco’s first African-American female cable car conductor. She later finished high school, giving birth to her son, Guy, a few weeks after graduation. As a young single mother, she supported her son by working as a waitress and cook, however her passion for music, dance, performance, and poetry would soon take center stage. In 1954 and 1955, Dr. Angelou toured Europe with a production of the opera Porgy and Bess. She studied modern dance with Martha Graham, danced with Alvin Ailey on television variety shows and, in 1957, recorded her first...
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...Harrad Experiment: "A magnificent job ... Must reading." John Diebold: "For those who want to understand the social and psychological implications of the technological revolution, this is an incomparable book." WALL STREET JOURNAL: "Explosive ... Brilliantly formulated." LONDON DAILY EXPRESS: "Alvin Toffler has sent something of a shock-wave through Western society." LE FIGARO: "The best study of our times that I know ... Of all the books that I have read in the last 20 years, it is by far the one that has taught me the most." THE TIMES OF INDIA: "To the elite ... who often get committed to age-old institutions or material goals alone, let Toffler's FUTURE SHOCK be a lesson and a warning." MANCHESTER GUARDIAN: "An American book that will ... reshape our thinking even more radically than Galbraith's did in the 1950s ... The book is more than a book, and it will do more than send reviewers raving ... It is a spectacular outcrop of a formidable, organized intellectual effort ... For the first time in history scientists are marrying the insights of artists, poets, dramatists, and novelists to statistical analysis and operational research. The two cultures have met and are being merged. Alvin Toffler is one of the first exhilarating, liberating results." CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR: "Packed with ideas, explanations, constructive suggestions ... Revealing, exciting, encouraging, brilliant."...
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...MAN V/S MACHINE: HOW TECHNOLOGY FORCES US TO CONSTANTLY REINVENT OURSELVES Changes: 4 pages double spaced excluding cover page and appendix Honor code agreement on cover page Read lili’s final email SUMMARY Despite breakthroughs in technology driven innovation and gains made business systems, both in terms of improved productivity and economic growth, there is no guarantee that all members of the society will automatically reap the benefits. The media loves to talk about these developments as these topics make compelling stories. Arguably, these developments seem to herald a positive transformation of society characterized by higher outputs per capita, but we must also be aware of the risks that these changes pose to society at large. As is expected of any major transformation, we know that there will be winners, and there will be people who come out at the losing end of the bargain. In order to fully take advantage of this change, we will have to learn to be more adaptable and embrace change so that we develop the toolkit to continuously re-invent ourselves. BACKGROUND This is a very exciting time to enter the workforce as a high-value knowledge worker. The coming decades will be witness to unprecedented levels of innovation in the way business is conducted, and most of these innovations will be powered by breakthroughs in technology. Naturally, it is expected then, that such developments will present numerous business opportunities. It is also expected that these...
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...Knowledge as a Key to Wealth Googling and outsourcing are not merely buzzwords and popular terms of our times. They rather reflect technical and economic developments that have become a part of our daily lives. As information is available faster, this also changes the order of wealth. This aspect is, inter alia, discussed by Alvin and Heidi Toffler in their publication “Revolutionary Wealth”. But how does this new order of wealth differ from “familiar” economics? Is knowledge really the decisive key to wealth? Which risks do these developments harbour? Knowledge — value creation — economy Knowledge drives wealth creation — because it is inexhaustible. There is no limit to its quantity. What does that mean? When you grow rice in a field, I cannot grow rice in the same field at the same time. By contrast, we can use the very same knowledge — how to grow rice — at the same time and it does not decrease. The more people use knowledge in their work, the more knowledge do they tend to create. Knowledge is more mobile than any other product, and it can be abstracted and condensed to symbols. It tends to leak and is difficult to protect. It is non-linear so that minor insights may result in major returns. And, above all, it is intangible. Intangible factors have always been integrated with tangible goods. The Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto explains that a piece of land is not “property” in material terms as long as there are no “intangible” ownership rights or societal norms ensuring...
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...Lester Horton * In 1932, Lester Horton formed his own dance company called the Lester Horton Dancers * Horton choreographed several films, such as Moonlight in Havana 1942 and Phantom of the Opera 1943 * Horton trained a number of significant mid-twentieth century dancers such as Alvin Ailey, Janet Collins and Joyce Trisler * His interest in dance was encouraged after watching tribal dances in a Wild West show * He was also among the first choreographers in the U.S. to insist upon racial integration in his company Lester Horton Technique The Horton Technique combines several cultural elements, such as Afro-Caribbean elements which explain the hip movement, or hip circles and Japanese arm gestures which explains the straight arms and Native American folk dance which may explain the type of music use to dance to. The technique emphasizes a whole body, anatomical approach to dance that includes flexibility, strength, and coordination for a healthy dancer. The fortifications are considered the core of Horton technique. They establish a framework of movement mechanics, of muscular development and coordination, elasticity and range. Horton technique focuses on the use of tilt lines, lunges and straight lines throughout the body, which means parallel legs and arms, and flat backs, flat enough for you to be able to put a cup of tea on. It also incorporates stretching on opposite directions. Jazz is a good preparation for the specifics listed above and is used...
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...Ballet. Modern dance is very vivid, ever changing and full of expression. Dancer’s like Alvin Ailey helped upgrade modern dance as we now see it. Alvin Ailey was born January 5, 1931. He spent the first twelve years of his life in various Texas small towns with only his mother to provide for the family since his father abandoned them when Alvin was only six moths old. Ailey grew up in the stereotypical black, impoverished south, constantly surrounded by religion. Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, his professional dance company, and his audiences. African American art, in any form, is the combination of a variety of influences, which Ailey viewed as American culture. African American dance itself is a combination of movement and cultural influences from West African culture, Afro-Caribbean culture, and Euro-American culture 1958: First Performance of Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater 1960: Alvin Ailey's Masterpiece Revelations Is Born 1962: Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater Goes On International Tour 1965: Judith Jamison's First Performance With Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater 1966: Ailey Performs in Inaugural Arts Festival in Senegal 1971: Alvin Ailey Choreographs Cry 1972: Judith Jamison Receives Dance Magazine Award 1974: Ailey Leaps From the Stage to the Screen 1974: Ailey Performs at the Duke Ellington Festival 1976: Alvin Ailey Creates Pas de Duke 1977: Ailey Performs For President Carter and at Opening of...
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...The Odyssey Coffee Café Project Contents Introduction p. 1 Odyssey Coffee Café (I) Name of café p. 3 (II) Sort of Café p. 3 (III) Theme of Café p. 3 (IV) Locations p. 4 (V) SWOT Analysis p. 6 Conclusion p.7 Bibliography p. 8 Introduction It is wildly believed that coffee café seem to become a familiar feature of people’s life, especially in the United Kingdom. Most people seem to spend their tea time in café for meeting friends and relaxed themselves. York city is the beautiful city in the United Kingdom that many tourists tend to travel. Thus, there are a number of café in this city. However, lack of these café which open after 6pm at night, so this essay will suggest an opportunity about the business plan of café that can open such a long period between 8am in the morning and close on 10pm at night. Odyssey coffee café (I) Name of café “Odyssey coffee café” is the name of this café that mean a long wandering and eventful journey. When the costumers spend time on this café, they will feel like a wonderful journey because there are various activities such as drinking coffee, reading books and listening to the music for customers to join here. (II) Sort of café This café’s services are - Coffee and snack bar to sit-in and takeaway including of the restroom for unisex and disability people. - The main product of odyssey is hot and cold beverage with a snack. - Free Wi-Fi...
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...“Henry VII’s sole achievement was to pass on the throne peacefully to his son.’ To what extent is this a fair assessment of Henry’s reign? One of Henry VII’s main achievements was creating the Tudor Dynasty. He then secured it by marrying Elizabeth of York, Edward IV’s daughter. By marrying Elizabeth of York, Henry had united the houses of Lancaster and York. Another way that Henry secured his throne was saving as much money as possible. He established a sense of economic order in the kingdom, which can be seen as another achievement, but to do this he enforced a lot of taxes and his council essentially stole money. This made him unpopular. Another reason that Henry VII was unpopular was because he was known to be greedy and cause tension. By gaining finances and securing his dynasty he passed on the throne peacefully to Henry VIII. Henry VII made many political developments during his reign. Source 6, say that Henrys reign ‘must still be regarded as one of the great landmarks in England’s political development’. It also says that it is the ‘watershed between the old and new pattern of political life’. Source 9 also mentions the attempt to ‘centralise’ English politics. Henry was a stable leader. In source 8, it mentions his ‘steady purposefulness that saved England form mediocrity’. The source also says that he was a stabilizer, and that he stands out ‘pre-eminent among British monarchs’. Henry withstood several attempts to challenge his crown. The experiences that he had...
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...Rhode Island is a state in the New England region of the United States. Rhode Island is the smallest in the area, the eighth least populous, but the second most densely populated of the 50 US states behind New Jersey. Rhode Island is bordered by Connecticut to the west and Massachusetts to the north and east, and it shares a water boundary with New York's Long Island to the southwest. Rhode Island was the first of the 13 original colonies to declare independence from British rule, declaring itself independent on May 4, 1776, two months before any other colony. The State was also the last of the thirteen original colonies to ratify the United States Constitution. Rhode Island's official nickname is "The Ocean State", a reference to the State's geography, since Rhode Island has several large bays and inlets that amount to about 14% of its total area. Its land area is 1,045 square miles but its total area is significantly larger. The capital of Rhode Island is Providence, which is the largest city with an estimated population as of 2012 of 1,050,292 people. The flag of the state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is white and consists of a gold anchor in the center (a symbol for hope) surrounded by thirteen gold stars (for the original 13 colonies and Rhode Island's status as the 13th state to ratify the Constitution). A blue ribbon below the anchor bears the state's motto in gold: "HOPE." The flag is frequently depicted with golden fringe around the edges of the flag. Rhode...
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...Summary of the play The historical background shows the play in reference to the reigning of King Edward IV before it represented the events of the reigning of King Richard III during the war of the roses. The years during which Richard gained power and was able to rise to the throne of England, are presented to the audience in five acts. Richard is secretly aspiring the throne, during which process he decides to kill anyone who stands as an obstacle in his way. For the aim of ascending to the throne he tricks Lady Anne in the second act, into marrying him, even though she knows he murdered her first husband and her father in law. The reigning king Edward dies and leaves the throne waiting for the elder of his two sons, Edward and Richard. The third act sees Richard left in charge until Edward will come of age. Richard has Queen Elizabeth arrested and executed, which leaves the two young princes unprotected.in the fourth act, Richard has lord Buckingham his right hand man campaign to have himself crowned king. He then imprisons the young princes and hires murderers to kill both children. Richard then has his wife Anne murdered, so that he could marry young Elizabeth, the daughter of the former queen Elizabeth and the dead king Edward. The night before the fight, Richard is haunted by ghosts of all the people he has killed. In conclusion, the fifth act, Richard is killed on the battle field and Richmond is crowned king henry VII. The villain finally reaches his...
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...Bloody Mary Have you ever been told to go in to a dark room with mirrors and chant “Bloody Mary, Bloody Mary. . .” and something bad will happen to you? Many people, including myself, have heard the legend of Bloody Mary as some people would call it the face in the mirror. The version I have been told was that if you go into a bathroom in the dark with a lit candle and say the words “Bloody Mary” 3 to 100 times, you will see her face. There are many possibilities that can happen when you upset Bloody Mary. It has been told that she will kill the person calling her, scratch his or her eyes out, drive the person mad or even bring the person into the mirror with her. If you had seen the movie Candyland or Urban Legend, perhaps, you would recognize the similarities to that of Bloody Mary [Halloween Web]. Teenage girls are usually the ones who call upon Bloody Mary, mostly summoned at sleepovers as a form of entertainment. However, you might wonder why kids might want to call this chilling woman. It may be a safe way to mess with danger. People who think they have seen Bloody Mary have said that she appeared in the mirror with a 1700s-1800s style dress holding her dead baby. Her face seemed decayed and rotten and her eyes were either white or rolled back. Bloody Mary also went by the names Bloody Bones, Hell Mary, Mary Worth, Mary Worthington, Mary Whales, Mary Johnson, Mary Lou, Mary Jane, Agnes, Black Agnes, Aggie and Svarte Madame. It has been rumored that you can also call...
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...Behind the visible act of making a purchase lies a decision process that represents a chain reaction that starts with a realized need. However, it’s also important to point out that the consumption process is not as simple as an individual having the need or want for a product. The consumer can be motivated by the desire to feel a certain way. For example, my most recent purchase was a winter coat. After the arctic temperatures we had in the Western New York area over the last few days, I decided it was time to invest in a nice warm winter jacket. I first started to look online then I visited a few stores but I didn’t find anything I really liked. If the consumption process was as simple as finding a product that meets my need, any warm winter jacket would have satisfied my need. Nevertheless, there I was walking around at Macy’s, I didn’t have anything particular in mind, I was simply looking around. Suddenly, on a mannequin, I see a beautiful grey button up hooded jacket with white fur trim around the hood. The lining was this stunning soft pink. When I looked through the racks, as you can imagine, I was delighted to see they had my size. The price didn’t even matter. I didn’t simply need a jacket anymore, I wanted that jacket. The main psychological process influencing my purchase was my concept of self. Because a jacket is something that I am going to wear every day during the winter season, it became part of my extended...
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