...Master of Business Administration - International Business & Entrepreneurship Master Thesis EFO705 - Thesis Group 2019 Study Terms 2007-2008 School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology Malardalens University Vasteras, Sweden. Marketing Communication of Pepsi & Coca Cola in Pakistan! Muhammad Kashif Omer Malik 840310-P655 E-mail: m_04119_omer@hotmail.com Tutor: Leif Linnskog Date: 01 Sep 2008 Marketing Communication of Pepsi & Coca Cola in Pakistan 2008 Extracts Date Author 01 September 2008 Muhammad Kashif Omer Malik Qilah Lachman Sing, Ravi Road, Lahore, Pakistan. m_04119_omer@hotmail.com +923214912558 Master level thesis in Business Administration (15 ECTS) Marketing Communication of Pepsi and Coca Cola in Pakistan Leif Linnskog How the marketing communication of Pepsi cola and Coca cola is seen in Pakistan and how come the strong position of Pepsi cola? The research is done basically on the qualitative format in which some facts and figures are used for the support of the central issue of research. The data was collected by approaching different sources including primary and secondary styles. The purpose of this research is expose the facts of the appearance of both Pepsi and Coca Cola in Pakistan in terms of marketing communication. This research is mainly based on the marketing communication in which the purpose is to expose the either company’s marketing communication on the media and contribute the matter to the fact of Pepsi cola’s strong...
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...RESEARCH PAKISTANI SINGER’S EYE ON INDIAN MUSIC INDUSTRY (IMI) FOR EXPOSURE (-research by MADHU VIJHANI) TABLE OF CONTENTS SNo. | Particulars | Page no. | 1. | Introduction | 6-8 | 2. | Problem | 89-10 | 3. | Significance of the research | 11-14 | 4. | Objectives of the research | 15 | 5. | Hypothesis | 16 | 6. | Review of literature | 17-33 | 7. | Methodology | 34-36 | 8. | Data processing and analysis | 37-38 | 9. | Data representation | 39-48 | 10 | Conclusion | 49 | 11. | Bibliography | 50 | 11. | Annexures | 51-55 | Table of Data Analysis& Reppresentation SNo. | Particulars | Page no. | `1. | Number of people inclined towards music | 39-40 | 2. | Preference of music by people for different genre | 41-42 | 3.(i) | Number of people preferring Indian singers/music | 43-44 | (ii) | Number of people preferring Pakistani singers | 45-46 | 4. | Number of people favouring Pakistani singers in IMI | 47-48 | Introduction The term 'mass' denotes great volume, range or extent (of people or production) and reception of messages. The term 'mass' suggests that the recipients of media products constitute a vast sea of passive, undifferentiated individuals. With the advancement in Media Technology, people are no longer receiving gratification without questioning the grounds on which it is based. Instead, people are engaging themselves more with media products such as computers, cell phones and Internet. These have...
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...International Relations Theory The new edition of International Relations Theory: A critical introduction introduces students to the main theories in international relations. It explains and analyzes each theory, allowing students to understand and critically engage with the myths and assumptions behind each theory. Key features of this textbook include: • discussion of all of the main theories: realism and (neo)realism, idealism and (neo)idealism, liberalism, constructivism, postmodernism, gender, and globalization two new chapters on the “clash of civilizations” and Hardt and Negri’s Empire innovative use of narratives from films that students will be familiar with: Lord of the Flies, Independence Day, Wag the Dog, Fatal Attraction, The Truman Show, East is East, and Memento an accessible and exciting writing style which is well-illustrated with boxed key concepts and guides to further reading. • • • This breakthrough textbook has been designed to unravel the complexities of international relations theory in a way that allows students a clearer idea of how the theories work and the myths that are associated with them. Cynthia Weber is Professor of International Studies at the University of Lancaster. She is the author of several books and numerous articles in the field of international relations. International Relations Theory A critical introduction Second edition Cynthia Weber First published 2001 by Routledge Second edition published 2005 by Routledge 2 Park...
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...8 Creolization in Anthropological Theory and in Mauritius Thomas Hylland Eriksen A great amount of intellectual energy has been invested in cultural mixing during the last decades. Reacting against an idea of boundedness, internal homogeneity, and stability that has been associated with mainstream twentieth-century anthropology, hundreds—possibly thousands—of anthropologists have tried to redefine, reform, revolutionize, or even relinquish that abhorred “C” word—”culture.” The range of engagement is suggested in the apparent congruence between postmodernist American anthropologists (for example, Clifford & Marcus 1986) and their now classic critique of the Geertzian notion of cultural integration, and the older European critique of the structural-functionalist idea of social integration, which was led by people such as Barth (1966), whose rationalism and naturalism is everything but postmodernist. In both cases, presuppositions of integrated wholes, cultures or social structures, have been debunked. From being a discipline concentrating its efforts on understanding nonliterate societies, often implicitly positing the uncontaminated aborigine as its hero, anthropology increasingly studies cultural impurity and hybridity, and the dominant normative discourse in the field has shifted from defending the cultural rights of small peoples to combating essentialism and reifying identity politics. While this development has been important and necessary for a variety of reasons,...
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...licensee. Organization The overarching logic of the book is intuitive—organized around answers to the what, where, why, and how of international business. WHAT? Section one introduces what is international business and who has an interest in it. Students will sift through the globalization debate and understanding the impact of ethics on global businesses. Additionally, students will explore the evolution of international trade from past to present, with a focus on how firms and professionals can better understand today’s complex global business arena by understanding the impact of political and legal factors. The section concludes with a chapter on understanding how cultures are defined and the impact on business interactions and practices with tangible tips for negotiating across cultures. WHERE? Section two develops student knowledge about key facets of the global business environment and the key elements of trade and cooperation between nations and global organizations. Today, with increasing numbers of companies of all sizes operating internationally, no business or country can remain an island. Rather, the interconnections between countries, businesses, and institutions are inextricable. Even how we define the world is changing. No longer classified into simple and neat categories, the rapid changes within countries are redefining how global businesses think about developed, developing, and emerging markets. This section addresses the evolving nature of country...
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...Table of Contents |Topic |Page No. | |Executive Summary |3 | |Introduction |4 | |History |5 | |Brands |11 | |Values |14 | |Vision Statement |15 | |Mission Statement |16 | |Aspiration Statement |18 | |Situation Analysis |19 | |Competitive Analysis |20 ...
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...The Hunger Games: Action-film feminism is catching fire Lisa Schwarzbaum Burning up Jennifer Lawrence’s Katniss Everdeen is both strong and vulnerable – a new kind of action heroine who has powered The Hunger Games: Catching fire to a $158m US debut. (Lionsgate) Jennifer Lawrence’s Katniss Everdeen is a new type of female action film icon, and moviegoers should be very excited about that, writes Lisa Schwarzbaum. As Catching Fire ignites on movie screens around the world, this is what we know about the 21st Century heroine called Katniss Everdeen: she is strong but also soft. She is brave but she has doubts. She is a phenomenal fictional creation, yet is real enough that moviegoers can draw inspiration from her values, her resourcefulness, and her very human inner conflicts. And she is played by Jennifer Lawrence, who appears not only to be handling her current duties as Hollywood’s finest model of well-adjusted millennial female stardom but doing so with charm. Everdeen and Lawrence: golden girls both. Personified in Lawrence’s lithe movements and cool, focused gaze, Katniss is a brave, resourceful and independent-minded fighter; but she is also a troubled and vulnerably guilt-ridden human being. Nina Jacobson, the producer of the Hunger Games film franchise, puts it this way: “She is a singular heroine in that the burden of survival weighs on her. She has a ton of survivor’s guilt. And she keeps surviving.” Girl on fire It is strange that behaving like a well-adjusted...
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...Problems with IQ and Psychometric Assessment When diagnosing a child’s learning difficulties the IQ test and other forms of Psychometric Assessment continue to be used across the UK and elsewhere as an indication of a child's ‘intelligence’ and continue to be a key factor in special school placement. Colin Newton Inclusive Educational Psychologist Co Founder Inclusive Solutions December 2009 We have to provide an IQ score so that the CAHMS team can allocate their resources. They keep asking us.... (Principal Educational Psychologist - 2008- Unnamed UK Local Authority) How sad that what follows still needs to be written in 2008! Perhaps we all need a little reminder... The story so far... Intelligence testing began in earnest in France, when in 1904 psychologist Alfred Binet was commissioned by the French government to find a method to differentiate between children who were ‘intellectually normal and those who were inferior’. The purpose was to put the latter into special schools where they would receive more individual attention. In this way the disruption they caused in the education of intellectually normal children could be avoided. Sound a familiar argument? Such thinking was a natural development from Darwinism and the Eugenics movement that dates back to Sir Francis Galton in 1869 that famous scientific polymath who promoted the idea that for society to prosper the ‘weakest’ should not be allowed...
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...in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nasr, Seyyed Vali Reza, 1960 – Islamic leviathan : Islam and the making of state power / Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr. p. cm.—(Religion and global politics) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-514426-0 1. Malaysia—Politics and government. 2. Islam and politics—Malaysia. 3. Pakistan—Politics and government—1988 – 4. Islam and politics—Pakistan. I. Title. II. Series. DS597.2.N37 2001 322′.1′095491—dc21 00-064968 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Lala Amjad (Syed Amjad Ali) Gentleman, scholar, friend and Bhaji Kishwar (Begum Kishwar Abid Husayn) A guiding light for truth-seekers Preface In 1979 General Muhammad...
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...attracted a lot of attention in the world-wide medias, particularly in Sweden and China. It is the largest overseas acquisition ever by a Chinese company, which marks a beginning of a new era that the fastest growing China has become a superpower in the world economy. Because this acquisition is such a complex business where two involved companies are so much different, it is of high interest to make a case study of this in the business research area. The thesis begins the study by looking at the basic facts of these two companies: the products, market, finance situation, brand and technology, etc. It was found that these two companies have very little in similarity, but a huge difference in product segment, technology and brand, inter-culture, language, etc. Therefore, there is no immediate cost saving through the integration of two companies and the sharing of the common components, which indicates that the risk of failure of this acquisition is relatively big. However, there do exist some opportunities lying ahead. The most obvious opportunity is the possible rapid expansion in the growing Chinese market as Volvo’s second home market. To be successful in China, Volvo must address several issues: quickly establish its local production in China, develop its own supply chain in China to reduce its cost, get into the list of the government procurement in China, etc. In all these aspects, Geely has good experience and competence, and should give Volvo a lift there. These are the...
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...Browaeys & Roger Price Part One CULTURE AND MANAGEMENT Concept 1.1 Facets of culture Introduction to Part One Setting the scene This introductory chapter will give an outline of the research in the field of culture and management, which in turn serves as a framework for Part One. The concept of culture Many experts in their fields have wracked their brains to come up with what they consider to be their concept of ‘culture’. Those working in the field of cultural anthropology, alone, for example, have come up with a long list of definitions of the concept, based on their analysis of ethnological, social, psychological and linguistic data. The attempt made by Bodley (1994) to summarize these (Table I.1) gives an idea of all the facets of culture that need to be taken into account from an anthropological perspective. Although acknowledging the multiplicity of cultures, the authors of this book consider that the fundamental aspect of culture is that it is something all humans learn in one way or another. It is not something people inherit, but rather a code of attitudes, norms and values, a way of thinking that is learnt within a social environment. Family, the social environment, school, friends, work – all these help to form this code and determine how people see themselves and the world. The national culture and the particular region which people live in also help to shape a person’s cultural profile. Although culture is reflected in individual behaviour...
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...Exchange Commission and Controller of Insurance[2]. At present there are 41 scheduled banks, 6 DFIs, and 2 MFBs operating in Pakistan whose activities are regulated and supervised by State Bank of Pakistan. The commercial banks comprise of 3 nationalized banks, 3 privatized banks, 15 private sector banks, 14 foreign banks, 2 provincial scheduled banks, and 4 specialized banks2. 1.2 State bank of Pakistan The State Bank of Pakistan regulates the banking sector in Pakistan, mainly under the provisions of State Bank of Pakistan Act, 1956, and the Banking Companies Ordinance, 1962. Banking is too tightly monitored and controlled by the SBP with the result that initiative and innovation are conspicuous by absence in Pakistani banking. A peculiar feature of Pakistani banking is its Islamic character where all the domestic...
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...Internship Report: BANK ALFALAH LIMITED Submitted By: MAIDAH MASOOD Roll # 107 Section: “C” Morning B-Com (Hons) Session: 2005-2009 Hailey College of Commerce, University of the Punjab, Lahore. The evolution of Bank Alfalah signifies a movement from concept to reality; a reality to bring about a change in the banking industries of Pakistan; offering an alternative way of banking; providing people an opportunity to practice beliefs in their financial matters. Following privatization, Bank Alfalah emerged as new identity of Habib Credit and Exchange Bank with a revived purpose and commitment. Charged with the strength of Abu Dhabi consortium and under the leadership of His Highness Sheikh Nahayan Mabarak Al-Nayayan, the bank has already made significant contributions in building and strengthening both corporate and retail banking sector in Pakistan. At present the bank has expanded its operations across Pakistan in 74 cities with 189 operational branches. However, it has total 195 branches that include 23 Islamic Banking branches, five overseas branches three in Bangladesh and two in Afghanistan and one offshore banking unit in Bahrain. It is pertinent to note that all of its branches commenced their operations in “Real Time Online Mode”. Today Bank Alfalah is the fifth largest Banking operation in Pakistan. Since its inception, it has registered the fastest growth rate ever...
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...Interlink Consulting Services, Inc., www.interlinkconsulting.com, Dr. Culture, www.drculture.com Dr. Culture Country & Cultural Sketch: KUWAIT Kuwait is slightly smaller than New Jersey covering nearly 7,000 sq. miles. It is the worlds 157th largest country. The capital, Kuwait city, lies on the southern shore of Kuwait Bay. Oil, no surprise, is Kuwait’s only major natural resource and dominates the economy. Water, on the other hand, is so scarce, the majority of water must be imported or processed at one of their several desalinization facilities. Kuwait “Snapshot” (CIA World Fact Book 2010 & Others As Indicated) Population .......2,692,526 (NOTE: This includes 1,291,354 non-nationals) Population Growth rate:........................................................3.5% Annually Percentage Living in Urban Areas:.......................................................98% DEVELOPMENT DATA Human Dev. Index* rank ..............................................31 of 177 countries (UN Human Development Report 2008-09) Per Capita GDP ............................................................................$54,100 (#7 World Ranking) Adult literacy rate ..............................................94% (male); 91% (female) Infant mortality rate ................................................ 18.97 per 1,000 births Life expectancy ..................................................77.7 (male); 78.9 (female) Meteorologically speaking, it surprises many that there are four...
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...PEPSI COLA [pic] Introduction: Pepsi Cola started in the January 1898, from a small Drug store in the city of North Carolina. The owner of the Drug store, Mr. Caleb Bradham, prepared a drink, which the customers called "the Bred Drink". Bred registered this drink with the name of Pepsi Cola in 1903. Then he started his own production at Marco level and established his own company. The business expanded and this drink got fame time. In 1909 this company reached to 24 states of America with more than 250 dealers. The very first packing of Pepsi was in 16.5 ounce. In 1932 Pepsi cola has introduced its new packing in 12 ounce. In 1950 Pepsi Cola has started its new Advertising Campaign with the name of "Refresh without Filling". It also changed the chemical formula and decreased its sweetness and calories. With the efforts of the Sales & Marketing Department, Pepsi got so much fame that it established new plants at a rate of thirty per annum. In 1985 the design of the bottle has been changed after 20 years. And a new and attractive packaging has been offered with two new flavor i.e., Teem & Mirinda. Today Pepsi is available in more than 160 countries of the world including Soviet Union & China. HISTORY OF PEPSI COLA: 2001 Pepsi puts "a little twist on a great thing," introducing lemon-flavored Pepsi Twist and Diet Pepsi Twist. The product launch marks the return to lemon-flavored...
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