...L'obsolescence programmée Guillermic Brice Jaussoin Timothée 16 janvier 2012 Table des matières I L'obsolescence programmée lèse le consommateur, mais elle est bonne pour 3 l'économie 1 Les objets durables le sont de moins en moins 2 Le problème de l'environnement 3 Un matériel verrouillé 4 La n du Service Après Vente 5 Permet aux entreprises un développement technologique 6 Une importante économie d'échelle II C'est surtout bon pour la société de consommation 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 7 Crée une dynamique économique, dynamique des ux nanciers 8 Réponse à la demande des gens qui veulent suivre la mode 9 Permet également la manipulation psychologique de masse 10 Permet l'intégration sociale et aussi un sentiment de bien être Bibliographie 12 13 15 17 19 1 Introduction L'obsolescence programmée est un phénomène devenu en quelques décennies omniprésent dans nos sociétés puisque fondant en grande partie le modèle ultra-consumériste sur lequel nous nous basons. Au travers de ce document, nous tâcherons d'en exposer les diérents aspects. En premier lieu, nous expliquerons pourquoi celle-ci peut porter atteinte (du moins sur le long terme) aux consommateurs. En eet celui-ci se trouve être au nal le premier atteint par le phénomène tant positivement (baisse des prix sur le court terme, innovation importante et rapide sur les produits consommés) que négativement (dépenses parfois inutiles puisque s'appliquant bien souvent sur des produits qui auparavant étaient...
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...corporations in the world. For the current developing of Raytheon, it is possible there are some existing urgent issues for Raytheon overcoming. This report is going to analyze the external business environment of Raytheon facing through using PESTLE principle. In addition to this, the SWOT analysis, Porter’s five forces and three Generic Strategies will be utilized aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of the current strategy which is used by Raytheon. Content Section Pages 1. Introduction....................................................................................................... 4 2. PESTEL analysis external environment.......................................................... 4 3.1 Political Factor............................................................................................. 4 3.2 Economic Factor.......................................................................................... 5 3.3 Technology Factor....................................................................................... 5 3. SWOT...
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...involved in international business. 2. Identify an entry mode that has been used by the selected company when expanding its car business to a foreign market location. The identified case should be from 1990 and onward. 3. Answer all of the following questions: Question 1) Is this entry mode appropriate for the target foreign market? Why? Answer this question by analysing: • Strategic Consideration: a) Is this entry mode in line with the company’s then strategic direction? why?; b) Do you think the level of control, risks, return and integration associated with the entry mode is appropriate for the company’s strategy? • Environmental factors: PESTEL Analysis of the foreign market location. You only need to analyse any 3 PESTEL factors that you think are most related to your case. Note you must analyse how the entry mode suits these 3 PESTEL factors. • Whether the timing of entry and the scale of the entry are appropriate?...
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...4.0 Findings 1 4.1 PESTEL Model 1 4.2 Opportunities and Threats to the administration department 2 4.3 Analysis of 2 4.4 Change Management Strategies 3 4.5 Possible impacts of resistance to change on the administration department 3 4.6 Strategies to reduce resistance 3 5.0 Conclusion 4 6.0 References 5 1.0 Introduction I have been asked by the partners, Izzi McDonald, Tomi Ajetunmobi and Alasdair Young at Classic Interiors to attend their next meeting to discuss the future of the company. They have also asked to know my views on any possible developments of the company and my views on the administration department. I will be preparing a briefing that will them be circulated to the partners, that they will then use for the basis of their discussion at their next meeting. 2.0 Terms of Reference I have been asked by Tutor Chris Kennedy to write a briefing report using the previous case study about Classic, that will include using the PESTEL model to help analyse any factors that could affect the future of the organisation and to also talk about any opportunities and threats that are relevant to the administration department at Classis Interiors, I will then analyse these and recommend changes that could address any of these issues. 3.0 Procedures The information in my report I have gained from: * The VLE Student Pack * Tutor Notes * Classic Interiors case study 4.0 Findings 4.1 PESTEL Model PESTEL analysis is a tool used...
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...– Tools There are a number of tools that one can use to understand the environment. Tools include: PESTEL, Scenarios, Five Forces, Industry Life Cycle, Segments & Groupings Critical Success Factors The PESTEL framework (1) The PESTEL framework categorises environmental influences into six main types: political, economic, social, technological, environmental legal Thus PESTEL provides a comprehensive list of influences on the possible success or failure of particular strategies. • Political Factors: For example, Government policies, taxation changes, foreign trade regulations,political risk in foreign markets, changes in trade blocks (EU). • Economic Factors: For example, business cycles,interest rates, personal disposable income,exchange rates, unemployment rates, GDP trends. • Socio-cultural Factors: For example, population changes, income distribution, lifestyle changes,consumerism, changes in culture and fashion. Technological Factors: For example, new discoveries and technology developments, ICT innovations, rates of obsolescence, increased spending on R&D. • Environmental (‘Green’) Factors: For example,environmental protection regulations, energy consumption, global warming, waste disposal and re-cycling. • Legal Factors: For example, competition laws, health and safety laws, employment laws, licensing laws, IPR laws. Using the PESTEL framework • Apply selectively –identify specific factors which impact on the industry, market and organisation...
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...a series of ‘layers’. Within the environment there is Macro-environment, this is the highest-level layer that consist of broad environmental factors that impact to a greater or lesser extent on almost all organisations. Industry or Sector forms the next layer within this broad general environment; this is made up of organisations producing the same products and services. Competitors and markets are the most immediate layer surrounding organisations; here the concept of strategic groups can help to identify the different kinds of competitors. This chapter works through this three layers in turn. 1. THE MACRO-ENVIRONMENT The three concepts in this section are PESTEL, key drivers and scenarios these are interrelated tools for analysing the broad macro environment of an organisation 2.1. PESTEL framework The PESTEL framework categorise the environmental influences into six main types, namely: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal. Politics highlight the role of government, Economics refers to macro-economic factors such as exchange rates, business cycle and different economic growth rates around the world, social influences include changing cultures and demographics, Technological influences refer to innovation such as the internet etc., Environmental stand specifically for ‘green’ issues and Legal embraces legislative constraints or...
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...operational plan, which is related to the business strategy. The procedures and process, which determined by the operational strategy, is in service of the future goal of the company. Further, the operational plans could have an influence on the development and expansion of the company. (Operational Planning, 2007) However, the business strategy and operational plans may demand update periodically in order to adapted in the protean business environment, and strategy processes may become valuable assets to keep the data up to date. The process is the operation that collects and analyzes data from both inner and outer of the business. (George and Hill, 2012) Two of the most worthy tools for the strategy process are SWOT and PESTEL analyses. The PESTEL analyze has a trend of data from external environment, and the SWOT analyze is tend to analysis internal elements. (Boddy, 2011) The cases for comparison are Aston Martin and Land Rover. Aston Martin and Land Rover are both car industry company from the UK, and the companies have long stories. The history for Land Rover is likely begins in 1861, (Unknown, 2013) and the Aston Martin company was found in 1912. (Dowsey, 2012) After more than a hundred years of production and evolution, the two companies have become two of the...
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...For å analysere eksterne muligheter og trusler rundt FK og morselskapet FM har vi valgt å bruke modellene PESTEL og Porter. Grunnen til at vi har valgt disse to modellene er fordi de utfyller hverandre. PESTEL viser til hvilke faktorer som spiller en sentral rolle for bedriften og hvordan endringene vil påvirke fremtiden, mens Porter er en industrianalyse som viser hvordan aktørene ønsker å opptre blant leverandørene, ny aktører og substituttene. Og hvordan bedriften skal posisjonere seg i forhold til sine konkurrenter. PESTEL viser hvordan omgivelsene påvirker oss, og hvordan bedriften kan møte utfordringer. De ulike bokstavene står for forskjellige forhold i markedet; politiske, økonomiske, sosiale, teknologiske, miljømessige og juridiske faktorer som virker inn på bedriftens virksomhet. For at vi skal få svar på hvordan bedriften skal møte eksterne muligheter og trusler på markedet, vil vi være nødt til å kombinere disse analysene. Sammen gir de et fullverdig svar. PESTEL – analyse De politiske forholdene innebærer politisk regime og stabilitet, skatte – og avgiftspolitikk, handelsbarrierer, valuta – og privatiseringspolitikk. Ettersom morselskapet FMC har hovedkontor i Kongsberg, Norge og at FKM har sine bedrifter lokalisert i Kongsberg, Texas og USA vil de ha et svært stabilt politisk styresett. Det vil si sterke representanter av næringslivet og import- / eksportnæringen. Norge er generelt sett positivt i henhold til næringslivsutviklingen, men avgiftssystemet setter en...
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...Purpose of External Environmental Analysis Organizations are affected by conditions in the environment Managers need to be aware of these conditions in order to – Take advantage of opportunities that can lead to higher profits – Reduce the impact of threats that can harm the organization’s future The external environment is made up of: 1. Macro environment 2. Industry environment 3. Competitive environment So if a company wants to analyse its external environment it must analyse the macro, industry and competitive environment. MACRO ENVIRONMENT: Influence the industry and firms inside it. These factors indirectly affect the organization but cannot be controlled by it. There are a number of common approaches how the external factors can be identified and examined. One approach could be the PESTEL analysis. PESTEL stands for political, economic, social, technological, the environmental and legal factor. The segmentation of the macro environment according to the six presented factors of the PESTEL analysis is the starting point of the global environmental analysis. Political factors • Taxation Policy • Trade regulations • Governmental stability • Unemployment Policy etc. Economical factors • Inflation rate • Growth in spending power • Rate of people in a pensionable age • Recession or Boom • Customer liquidations Socio-cultural • age distribution. • education levels. • income level. • consumerism. • diet & nutrition. • population...
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...Organisations need to know their place in their market, their advantages and what they have to approve to succeed. That is why have been created different management tools to analyse easily and clearly the different aspects internal and external, and the environment of the organisations. We will see in a first time, the tool called the PESTEL, and in a second time the SWOT, at each time we’ll use a company to illustrate the explanations. To conclude we will see how they use these tools to achieve their goals. To have a complete analysis of their external environment organizations use the PESTEL, a tool that allows observing the various external factors of organisations. It includes the political, economic, sociocultural, technologic, environmental and legal aspects. The PESETL gives a list of the influences on the possible success or failure of the strategies. It gives a clear idea of the competitive business environment of the organisation. These are the main topics to be addressed in the PESTEL according to the different themes. They allow the organisation to see what will happen on the horizon for planned strategies and if necessary to chance course. Indeed, according to the area geography projects can be more or less promoted, the PESTEL can quickly know if this is possible. This is an example of a PESTEL of a printing office: The SWOT can make a rapid assessment of the internal and external situation of the organization. In the internal review (its micro-environment)...
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...FAMILY NAME: LEON FIRST NAME: ALEXEI REG NO: 1102810 ESSEX BUSINESS SCHOOL COVER SHEET BE431 BUSINESS STRATEGY Based on your own research, analyse the current strategic position of Tesla Motors both in terms of their competitive environment and their capabilities. You must draw on relevant frameworks discussed on the module. Your comments in this section should include a discussion of the extent to which the frameworks you used were helpful for your analysis. Critically evaluate the concept of ‘disruption’ in the context of business strategy. Your analysis in this section should make specific reference to Sillince (2006). Lecturers: Dr. Christina Volkmann, Dr. Marina Michalski and Dr. Danielle Tucker Date: 2nd March 2015 Word Count: 2553 Introduction The literature in the field of business and technology has covered the analysis of the term disruptive innovation in respect to the concept of competitive advantage. Scholars such as Christensen (1997) and Johnson (2008) have developed the theory of disruptive innovation and focused on stressing the difference between the disruptive innovations which are sustainable and the ones which are not. Furthermore, the research conducted by Sillince (2006) as well as Penrose (1959), Balogun (2014) has been essential to critically evaluate the methods used by the companies to construct their competitive advantage. The persuasion often used by the companies to differentiate themselves from the competitors and gain competitive...
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...WAITROSE IN CHINA PESTEL ANALYSIS An organisation (or) business effect or make the decisions depending on the factors in the macro environment.To analyse these external factors, the bussiness planners categorised to as PESTEL model.It is helpful strategic tool for understanding business position, market growth or decline, potential. PESTEL analysis is vital and used widely to understand the external factors affecting the organisation.It is a strategic external analysis used to evaluate (Political,Economic,Social,Technological,Environmental ,Legal) of a particular organisation or business.It is very important when you start operating in a new region or country.It also helpful to break your unconscious assumptions,and you can adapt to the reality of new environment. POLITICAL: political factors are how and to what degree a government interfere in the country economy.It includes areas like tax policy,labour laws, environmental laws,trade restrictions,political stability. ECONOMICAL:The factors include in economical are economic growth, interest rates,exchange rates,inflation rates.It is how government supports trading and business in the country. SOCIAL: Social factors include the cultural aspects and include health consciousness, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes and emphasis on safety. TECHNOLOGY: Technological factors include technological aspects such as research and development (R&D) activity, automation, technology incentives...
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...Southern Rail Balcombe Case Study Module Title: Planning and Decision Making Assignment Title: Southern Rail Balcombe Station Case Study (RESUBMITION) Student ID: 473482 Contents Page 1. Introduction 2. Planning & Decision Making 3. Management 4. Information Systems 5. PESTAL 6. Decision Making Models 7. Contingency Planning 8. Recommendations/Conclusion 1.0 Introduction This report will be a detailing and taking into regard the planning & decision making of a project and what would be the best choice for the train station Balcombe which Southern Rail own as the station is facing a few issues. This report will give suggestions on which choices would be most suitable for Southern Rail and why, as well as using different decision making models to help show why the appropriate decision was chosen. Also as Southern Rail have stakeholders in the business; the report will discuss what would be the best forms of contact to these stakeholders so they are always kept up to date on what is happening with Balcombe train station. As it is possible aspects of change could not always follow the plan that has been created it is important that in the report it will specify what could possibly affect the changes and then what contingency plans will be in place in order to overcome the potential issues. The two options which Southern Rail could potentially carry out are; the first one is to renew and repair the...
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...external environment analyses (PESTEL)…3 Ryanair’s internal strategic capabilities (SWOT)……...4 Ryanair’s strategic choice (Porter’s five forces)………5 VRIO framework……………………………………………..5 Rumelt’s criteria……………………………………………..6 Ryanair’s implementation of low cost strategy………..6 Recommendations………………………………………….6 Conclusion…………………………………………………...7 Reference List……………………………………………….7 Appendix………………………………....…………………..8 12.1 Presentation’s slides…………………………………8 Word count 1,744 (excluding reference list and appendix) 2 Besmir Lika 1.0 Introduction Strategic Management Individual Report Richard Jump The notion of underlying the concept of generic strategies is that competitive advantage is at the heart of any strategy, and achieving competitive advantage requires a firm to make a choice, if a firm is to attain competitive advantage, it must make a choice about the type of competitive advantage it seeks to attain and the scope within which it will attain it (Porter, 2004). The purpose of this report is to assess the key strategies chosen by Ryanair within cost leadership and that were likely to generate competitive advantages to the organisation. Furthermore, this paper will analyse the Ryanair’s decision to become a low cost airline through Porter’s five forces. It will help to understand the industry attractiveness and competitive forces. PEST analyses will be directed in order to analyse the business environment where Ryanair operates. SWOT analyses will be piloted to diagnose...
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... explain which generic strategy H&M is following – explain your ideas using suppor@ng evidence Faculty of Higher Educa@on City College Plymouth in conjunc@on with the University of Plymouth 10 marks 2 Assignment 1 • What are corporate values? Give a defini@on then cite those for H&M • Describe some theore@cal concepts about organisa.onal culture • Analyse the case study to determine the culture you believe prevails in H&M. Give specific examples to...
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